一、整合MyBatis
1.1相关jar包
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.10.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>2.0.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.47</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.13.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.18</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.aspectj/aspectjweaver -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.9.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
配置Maven静态资源过滤问题!
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
1.2编写环境
pojo实体类
package com.yanyu.pojo;
import lombok.Data;
@Data
public class User {
private int id; //id
private String name; //姓名
private String pwd; //密码
}
实现mybatis的配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<properties resource="db.properties">
</properties>
<settings>
<setting name="logImpl" value="LOG4J"/>
<setting name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="true"/>
</settings>
<typeAliases>
<package name="com.yanyu.pojo"/>
</typeAliases>
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="${driver}"/>
<property name="url" value="${url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${password}"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<mappers>
<mapper class="com.yanyu.mapper.UserMapper"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
#????DEBUG????????console?file???????console?file?????????
log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG,console,file
#??????????
log4j.appender.console = org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.console.Target = System.out
log4j.appender.console.Threshold=DEBUG
log4j.appender.console.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.console.layout.ConversionPattern=[%c]-%m%n
#?????????
log4j.appender.file = org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.file.File=./log/kuang.log
log4j.appender.file.MaxFileSize=10mb
log4j.appender.file.Threshold=DEBUG
log4j.appender.file.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.file.layout.ConversionPattern=[%p][%d{yy-MM-dd}][%c]%m%n
#??????
log4j.logger.org.mybatis=DEBUG
log4j.logger.java.sql=DEBUG
log4j.logger.java.sql.Statement=DEBUG
log4j.logger.java.sql.ResultSet=DEBUG
log4j.logger.java.sql.PreparedStatement=DEBUG
driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=GMT
username=root
password=123456
UserDao接口编写
package com.yanyu.mapper;
import com.yanyu.pojo.User;
import java.util.List;
public interface UserMapper {
public List<User> selectUser();
}
接口对应的Mapper映射文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.yanyu.mapper.UserMapper">
<select id="selectUser" resultType="User">
select * from user1
</select>
</mapper>
测试
import com.yanyu.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.yanyu.pojo.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;
public class Mytest {
@Test
public void selectUser() throws IOException {
String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
List<User> userList = mapper.selectUser();
for (User user: userList){
System.out.println(user);
}
sqlSession.close();
}
}
1.3整合实现一
- 定义 mybatis-config.xml 配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- <properties resource="db.properties">-->
<!-- </properties>-->
<settings>
<setting name="logImpl" value="LOG4J"/>
<setting name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="true"/>
</settings>
<typeAliases>
<package name="com.yanyu.pojo"/>
</typeAliases>
</configuration>
- 定义 db.properties配置文件
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=GMT jdbc.username=root jdbc.password=b123456
- 定义 spring- mybatis.xml 配置文件 [重 要!]
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>
<!-- 配置Druid数据源的Bean -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</bean>
<!-- 配置SqlSessionFactory -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<!-- 关联Mybatis -->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml" />
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/yanyu/mapper/*.xml" />
</bean>
<!-- 注册sqlSessionTemplate, 关联sqlSessionFactory -->
<bean id="sqlSession" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate">
<!-- 利用构造器注入 -->
<constructor-arg index="0" ref="sqlSessionFactory" />
</bean>
<bean id="userDao" class="com.yanyu.mapper.UserDaoImpl">
<property name="sqlSession" ref="sqlSession" />
</bean>
</beans>
测试
import com.yanyu.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.yanyu.pojo.User;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import java.util.List;
public class Mytest {
@Test
public void test2(){
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("mybatis-mapper.xml");
UserMapper mapper = (UserMapper) context.getBean("userDao");
List<User> user = mapper.selectUser();
System.out.println(user);
}
}
1.4整合实现二
UserDaoImpl修改一下
public class UserDaoImpl2 extends SqlSessionDaoSupport implements UserMapper {
public List<User> selectUser() {
UserMapper mapper = getSqlSession().getMapper(UserMapper.class);
return mapper.selectUser();
}
}
修改bean的配置
<bean id="userDao" class="com.yanyu.mapper.UserDaoImpl">
<property name="sqlSession" ref="sqlSession" />
</bean>
二、声明式事务
事务四个属性ACID
原子性(atomicity)
事务是原子性操作,由一系列动作组成,事务的原子性确保动作要么全部完成,要么完全不起作用
一致性(consistency)
一旦所有事务动作完成,事务就要被提交。数据和资源处于一种满足业务规则的一致性状态中
隔离性(isolation)
可能多个事务会同时处理相同的数据,因此每个事务都应该与其他事务隔离开来,防止数据损坏
持久性(durability)
事务一旦完成,无论系统发生什么错误,结果都不会受到影响。通常情况下,事务的结果被写到持久化存储器中
测试
//添加一个用户
int addUser(User user);
//根据id删除用户
int deleteUser(int id);
mapper文件,我们故意把 deletes 写错,测试!
<insert id="addUser" parameterType="com.yanyu.pojo.User">
insert into user1 (id,name,pwd) values (#{id},#{name},#{pwd})
</insert>
<delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="int">
deletes from user1 where id = #{id}
</delete>
编写接口的实现类,在实现类中,我们去操作一波
public List<User> selectUser() {
User user = new User(5,"小明","123456");
UserMapper mapper = getSqlSession().getMapper(UserMapper.class);
mapper.addUser(user);
mapper.deleteUser(4);
return mapper.selectUser();
}
//新增
public int addUser(User user) {
UserMapper mapper = getSqlSession().getMapper(UserMapper.class);
return mapper.addUser(user);
}
//删除
public int deleteUser(int id) {
UserMapper mapper = getSqlSession().getMapper(UserMapper.class);
return mapper.deleteUser(id);
}
测试
import com.yanyu.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.yanyu.pojo.User;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import java.util.List;
public class Mytest {
@Test
public void test2(){
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("mybatis-mapper.xml");
UserMapper mapper = (UserMapper) context.getBean("userDao");
List<User> user = mapper.selectUser();
System.out.println(user);
}
}
Spring中的事务管理
Spring在不同的事务管理API之上定义了一个抽象层,使得开发人员不必了解底层的事务管理API就可以使用Spring的事务管理机制。Spring支持编程式事务管理和声明式的事务管理。
编程式事务管理
-
将事务管理代码嵌到业务方法中来控制事务的提交和回滚
-
缺点:必须在每个事务操作业务逻辑中包含额外的事务管理代码
声明式事务管理
-
一般情况下比编程式事务好用。
-
将事务管理代码从业务方法中分离出来,以声明的方式来实现事务管理。
-
将事务管理作为横切关注点,通过aop方法模块化。Spring中通过Spring AOP框架支持声明式事务管理。
JDBC事务
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
配置好事务管理器后我们需要去配置事务的通知
<!--配置事务通知-->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<tx:attributes>
<!--配置哪些方法使用什么样的事务,配置事务的传播特性-->
<tx:method name="add" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
<tx:method name="delete" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
<tx:method name="update" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
<tx:method name="search*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
<tx:method name="get" read-only="true"/>
<tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
spring事务传播特性:
事务传播行为就是多个事务方法相互调用时,事务如何在这些方法间传播。spring支持7种事务传播行为:
-
propagation_requierd:如果当前没有事务,就新建一个事务,如果已存在一个事务中,加入到这个事务中,这是最常见的选择。
-
propagation_supports:支持当前事务,如果没有当前事务,就以非事务方法执行。
-
propagation_mandatory:使用当前事务,如果没有当前事务,就抛出异常。
-
propagation_required_new:新建事务,如果当前存在事务,把当前事务挂起。
-
propagation_not_supported:以非事务方式执行操作,如果当前存在事务,就把当前事务挂起。
-
propagation_never:以非事务方式执行操作,如果当前事务存在则抛出异常。
-
propagation_nested:如果当前存在事务,则在嵌套事务内执行。如果当前没有事务,则执行与propagation_required类似的操作
Spring 默认的事务传播行为是 PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,它适合于绝大多数的情况。
假设 ServiveX#methodX() 都工作在事务环境下(即都被 Spring 事务增强了),假设程序中存在如下的调用链:Service1#method1()->Service2#method2()->Service3#method3(),那么这 3 个服务类的 3 个方法通过 Spring 的事务传播机制都工作在同一个事务中。
就好比,我们刚才的几个方法存在调用,所以会被放在一组事务当中!
配置AOP
导入aop的头文件!
<!--配置aop织入事务-->
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut id="txPointcut" expression="execution(* com.kuang.dao.*.*(..))"/>
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPointcut"/>
</aop:config>
为什么需要配置事务?
-
如果不配置,就需要我们手动提交控制事务;
-
事务在项目开发过程非常重要,涉及到数据的一致性的问题,不容马虎