利用Redis bitmap 实现签到案例

数据库实现

设计签到功能对应的数据库表

 CREATE TABLE `sign_record` (
  `id` bigint NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键',
  `user_id` bigint NOT NULL COMMENT '用户id',
  `year` year NOT NULL COMMENT '签到年份',
  `month` tinyint NOT NULL COMMENT '签到月份',
  `date` date NOT NULL COMMENT '签到日期',
  `is_backup` bit(1) NOT NULL COMMENT '是否补签',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COMMENT='签到记录表';

这张表中的一条记录是一个用户一次的签到记录。假如一个用户1年签到100次，而网站有100万用户，就会产生1亿条记录。随着用户量增多、时间的推移，这张表中的数据只会越来越多，占用的空间也会越来越大。

redis bitmap 实现

一个用户签到的情况无非就两种，要么签了，要么没。 可以用 0 或者1如果我们按月来统计用户签到信息，签到记录为1，未签到则记录为0，就可以用一个长度为31位的二级制数来表示一个用户一个月的签到情况。最终效果如下

java代码

引入依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.orchids</groupId>
  <artifactId>signinbybitmap</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>signinbybitmap</name>
  <description>signinbybitmap</description>
  <properties>
    <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
    <spring-boot.version>2.6.13</spring-boot.version>
  </properties>
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
      <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
      <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.github.xiaoymin</groupId>
      <artifactId>knife4j-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
      <version>3.0.3</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
  <dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
        <type>pom</type>
        <scope>import</scope>
      </dependency>
    </dependencies>
  </dependencyManagement>

  <build>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.8.1</version>
        <configuration>
          <source>1.8</source>
          <target>1.8</target>
          <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
        <configuration>
          <mainClass>com.orchids.signinbybitmap.SignByBitmapApplication</mainClass>
          <skip>true</skip>
        </configuration>
        <executions>
          <execution>
                        <id>repackage</id>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>repackage</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

配置文件

# 应用服务 WEB 访问端口
server:
  port: 8080

spring:
  redis:
    host: localhost
    port: 6379
    password: 6379
  mvc:
    pathmatch:
      matching-strategy: ant_path_matcher

knife4j配置类

package com.orchids.signinbybitmap.web.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import springfox.documentation.builders.ApiInfoBuilder;
import springfox.documentation.builders.PathSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.builders.RequestHandlerSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.service.ApiInfo;
import springfox.documentation.service.Contact;
import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType;
import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket;
//import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2;


/**
 * @ Author qwh
 * @ Date 2024/7/5 13:08
 */
@Configuration
//@EnableSwagger2
public class knife4jConfiguration {
    @Bean
    public Docket webApiConfig(){
        // 创建Docket实例
        Docket webApi = new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2)
        .groupName("StudentApi")
        .apiInfo(webApiInfo())
        .select()
        // 选择需要文档化的API，只显示指定包下的页面
        .apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("com.orchids.signinbybitmap"))
        // 指定路径匹配规则，只对/student开头的路径进行文档化
        .paths(PathSelectors.regex("/User/.*"))
        .build();
        return webApi;
    }

    /**
     * 构建API信息
     * 本函数用于创建并返回一个ApiInfo对象，该对象包含了API文档的标题、描述、版本以及联系方式等信息。
     * @return 返回构建好的ApiInfo对象
     */
    private ApiInfo webApiInfo(){
        // 使用ApiInfoBuilder构建API信息
        return new ApiInfoBuilder()
        .title("Student message API文档") // 设置文档标题
        .description("本文档描述了Swagger2测试接口定义") // 设置文档描述
        .version("1.0") // 设置文档版本号
        .contact(new Contact("nullpointer", "http://blog.nullpointer.love", "nullpointer2024@gmail.com")) // 设置联系人信息
        .build(); // 构建并返回ApiInfo对象
    }
}

controller

package com.orchids.signinbybitmap.web.controller;

import com.orchids.signinbybitmap.web.domain.result.Result;
import com.orchids.signinbybitmap.web.domain.vo.SignResultVO;
import com.orchids.signinbybitmap.web.service.SignService;
import io.swagger.annotations.Api;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;
import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

/**
 * @ Author qwh
 * @ Date 2024/7/5 13:01
 */
@Api(tags = "签到相关接口")
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/User")
@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class SignController {
    private final SignService signService;
    @ApiOperation("签到")
    @GetMapping("Sign")
    public Result<SignResultVO> AddSignRecords() {
        return signService.AddSignRecords();
    }
}

service

package com.orchids.signinbybitmap.web.service;

import com.orchids.signinbybitmap.web.domain.result.Result;
import com.orchids.signinbybitmap.web.domain.vo.SignResultVO;

/**
 * @ Author qwh
 * @ Date 2024/7/5 13:35
 */
public interface SignService {
    Result<SignResultVO> AddSignRecords();
}

可以扩展其他功能

package com.orchids.signinbybitmap.web.service.impl;

import com.orchids.signinbybitmap.web.domain.result.Result;
import com.orchids.signinbybitmap.web.domain.vo.SignResultVO;
import com.orchids.signinbybitmap.web.exception.SignException;
import com.orchids.signinbybitmap.web.service.SignService;
import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.BitFieldSubCommands;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @ Author qwh
 * @ Date 2024/7/5 13:35
 */
@Slf4j
@Service
@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class SignServiceImpl implements SignService {
    private final String SIGN_UID= "sign:uid:";

    private final StringRedisTemplate redisTemplate;
    @Override
    public Result<SignResultVO> AddSignRecords() {
        SignResultVO vo = new SignResultVO();
        //获取签到用户
        Long userId = 1388888L;
        //获取签到日期
        LocalDateTime now = LocalDateTime.now();
        String format = now.format(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(":yyyy-MM-dd"));
        //设置redisKey   sign:uid:1388888:2024-07-05 5 1
        String key = SIGN_UID + userId.toString() + format;
        //计算签到偏移量
        int offset = now.getDayOfMonth() - 1;
        //添加签到记录到redis
        Boolean sign = redisTemplate.opsForValue().setBit(key, offset, true);
        if (sign){
            throw new SignException("亲！您今天已经登录过哟 (❁´◡`❁)",520);
        }
        //计算连续签到天数
        int day = now.getDayOfMonth();
        int continueDays = countSignDays(key,day);
        int rewardPoints = 0;
        switch (continueDays){
            case 2:
                rewardPoints = 10;
                break;
            case 4:
                rewardPoints=20;
                break;
            case 6:
                rewardPoints = 40;
                break;
        }
        //获取签到详情信息
        List<Integer> signDayRecord = SignRecords(userId,key,day);
        vo.setUserId(userId.intValue());
        vo.setSignDays(continueDays);
        vo.setRewardPoints(rewardPoints);
        vo.setSignRecords(signDayRecord);
        return Result.ok(vo);
    }

    /**
     * 获取连续签到天数
     * @param key
     * @param days
     * @return
     */
    private int countSignDays(String key, int days) {

        //从redis读取签到记录
        List<Long> nums = redisTemplate.opsForValue().bitField(key, BitFieldSubCommands.create().get(BitFieldSubCommands.BitFieldType.unsigned(days)).valueAt(0));
        //计算签到次数
        int num = nums.get(0).intValue();
        //num与1进行与计算得到二进制的末尾 当末尾为1 说明签到 为0 说明没有签到
        int result = 0;
        while ((num & 1) == 1) {
            result++;
            num = num >>>1;
        }
        //返回签到结果
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 获取签到详情
     * @param userId
     * @param key
     * @param day
     * @return
     */
    private List<Integer> SignRecords(Long userId, String key, int day) {
        //获取从redis中获取登录信息

        List<Long> sign = redisTemplate.opsForValue().bitField(key, BitFieldSubCommands.create().get(BitFieldSubCommands.BitFieldType.unsigned(day)).valueAt(0));

        int num = sign.get(0).intValue();
        LinkedList<Integer> result = new LinkedList<>();
        while (day > 0) {
            result.addFirst(num & 1);
            num = num >>> 1;
            day--;
        }
        return result;
    }
}

其他类

package com.orchids.signinbybitmap.web.domain.result;

import lombok.Data;

/**
 * @ Author qwh
 * @ Date 2024/7/5 16:52
 */
@Data
public class Result<T> {
    //返回码
    private Integer code;

    //返回消息
    private String message;

    //返回数据
    private T data;

    public Result() {
    }

    private static <T> Result<T> build(T data) {
        Result<T> result = new Result<>();
        if (data != null)
            result.setData(data);
        return result;
    }

    public static <T> Result<T> build(T body, ResultCode resultCode) {
        Result<T> result = build(body);
        result.setCode(resultCode.getCode());
        result.setMessage(resultCode.getMessage());
        return result;
    }


    public static <T> Result<T> ok(T data) {
        return build(data, ResultCode.SUCCESS);
    }

    public static <T> Result<T> ok() {
        return Result.ok(null);
    }
    public static <T> Result<T> fail(Integer code, String message) {
        Result<T> result = build(null);
        result.setCode(code);
        result.setMessage(message);
        return result;
    }

    public static <T> Result<T> fail() {
        return build(null, ResultCode.FAIL);
    }
}

package com.orchids.signinbybitmap.web.domain.result;

import lombok.Getter;

/**
 * @ Author qwh
 * @ Date 2024/7/5 16:54
 */
@Getter
public enum ResultCode {

    SUCCESS(200, "成功"),
    FAIL(201, "失败"),
    PARAM_ERROR(202, "参数不正确"),
    SERVICE_ERROR(203, "服务异常"),
    DATA_ERROR(204, "数据异常"),
    ILLEGAL_REQUEST(205, "非法请求"),
    REPEAT_SUBMIT(206, "重复提交"),
    DELETE_ERROR(207, "请先删除子集"),

    ADMIN_ACCOUNT_EXIST_ERROR(301, "账号已存在"),
    ADMIN_CAPTCHA_CODE_ERROR(302, "验证码错误"),
    ADMIN_CAPTCHA_CODE_EXPIRED(303, "验证码已过期"),
    ADMIN_CAPTCHA_CODE_NOT_FOUND(304, "未输入验证码"),
    ADMIN_ACCOUNT_NOT_EXIST(330,"用户不存在"),


    ADMIN_LOGIN_AUTH(305, "未登陆"),
    ADMIN_ACCOUNT_NOT_EXIST_ERROR(306, "账号不存在"),
    ADMIN_ACCOUNT_ERROR(307, "用户名或密码错误"),
    ADMIN_ACCOUNT_DISABLED_ERROR(308, "该用户已被禁用"),
    ADMIN_ACCESS_FORBIDDEN(309, "无访问权限"),
    APP_LOGIN_AUTH(501, "未登陆"),
    APP_LOGIN_PHONE_EMPTY(502, "手机号码为空"),
    APP_LOGIN_CODE_EMPTY(503, "验证码为空"),
    APP_SEND_SMS_TOO_OFTEN(504, "验证法发送过于频繁"),
    APP_LOGIN_CODE_EXPIRED(505, "验证码已过期"),
    APP_LOGIN_CODE_ERROR(506, "验证码错误"),
    APP_ACCOUNT_DISABLED_ERROR(507, "该用户已被禁用"),


    TOKEN_EXPIRED(601, "token过期"),
    TOKEN_INVALID(602, "token非法");


    private final Integer code;

    private final String message;

    ResultCode(Integer code, String message) {
        this.code = code;
        this.message = message;
    }
}

package com.orchids.signinbybitmap.web.domain.vo;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnore;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModel;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModelProperty;
import io.swagger.models.auth.In;
import lombok.Data;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @ Author qwh
 * @ Date 2024/7/5 13:36
 */
@Data
@ApiModel(description = "签到结果")
public class SignResultVO {

    @ApiModelProperty("签到人")
    private Integer UserId;

    @ApiModelProperty("签到得分")
    private Integer signPoints = 1;

    @ApiModelProperty("连续签到天数")
    private Integer signDays;

    @ApiModelProperty("连续签到奖励积分，连续签到超过7天以上才有奖励")
    private Integer rewardPoints;

    @ApiModelProperty("签到详细信息")
    private List<Integer> signRecords;


}

package com.orchids.signinbybitmap.web.exception;

import com.orchids.signinbybitmap.web.domain.result.Result;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

/**
 * @ Author qwh
 * @ Date 2024/7/5 16:51
 */
@ControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {

    @ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)
    @ResponseBody
    public Result error(Exception e){
        e.printStackTrace();
        return Result.fail();
    }
    @ExceptionHandler(SignException.class)
    @ResponseBody
    public Result error(SignException e){
        e.printStackTrace();
        return Result.fail(e.getCode(), e.getMessage());
    }
}

package com.orchids.signinbybitmap.web.exception;

import lombok.Data;

/**
 * @ Author qwh
 * @ Date 2024/7/5 16:47
 */
@Data
public class SignException extends RuntimeException{
    //异常状态码
    private Integer code;
    /**
     * 通过状态码和错误消息创建异常对象
     * @param message
     * @param code
     */
    public SignException(String message, Integer code) {
        super(message);
        this.code = code;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "SignException{" +
                "code=" + code +
                ", message=" + this.getMessage() +
                '}';
    }
}

package com.orchids.signinbybitmap;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;


@SpringBootApplication
public class SignByBitmapApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SignByBitmapApplication.class, args);
    }

}

测试结果