websocker无法注入依赖

在公司中准备用websocker统计在线人数,在WebSocketServer使用StringRedisTemplate保存数据到redis中去,但是在保存的时候显示

 StringRedisTemplate变量为null

  详细问题 

2023-08-20 10:37:14.109 ERROR 28240 --- [nio-7125-exec-1] o.a.t.websocket.pojo.PojoEndpointBase    : Failed to call onClose method of POJO end point for POJO of type [com.example.pipayshopapi.component.WebSocketServer]

java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException: null
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_382]
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:1.8.0_382]
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:1.8.0_382]
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) ~[na:1.8.0_382]
	at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.pojo.PojoEndpointBase.onClose(PojoEndpointBase.java:103) [tomcat-embed-websocket-9.0.41.jar:9.0.41]
	at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.WsSession.fireEndpointOnClose(WsSession.java:556) [tomcat-embed-websocket-9.0.41.jar:9.0.41]
	at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.WsSession.doClose(WsSession.java:502) [tomcat-embed-websocket-9.0.41.jar:9.0.41]
	at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.WsSession.doClose(WsSession.java:460) [tomcat-embed-websocket-9.0.41.jar:9.0.41]
	at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.WsSession.close(WsSession.java:447) [tomcat-embed-websocket-9.0.41.jar:9.0.41]
	at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.WsSession.close(WsSession.java:441) [tomcat-embed-websocket-9.0.41.jar:9.0.41]
	at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.pojo.PojoEndpointBase.handleOnOpenOrCloseError(PojoEndpointBase.java:92) [tomcat-embed-websocket-9.0.41.jar:9.0.41]
	at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.pojo.PojoEndpointBase.doOnOpen(PojoEndpointBase.java:77) [tomcat-embed-websocket-9.0.41.jar:9.0.41]
	at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.pojo.PojoEndpointServer.onOpen(PojoEndpointServer.java:64) [tomcat-embed-websocket-9.0.41.jar:9.0.41]
	at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsHttpUpgradeHandler.init(WsHttpUpgradeHandler.java:135) [tomcat-embed-websocket-9.0.41.jar:9.0.41]
	at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:935) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.41.jar:9.0.41]
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1597) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.41.jar:9.0.41]
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.41.jar:9.0.41]
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149) [na:1.8.0_382]
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624) [na:1.8.0_382]
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.41.jar:9.0.41]
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:750) [na:1.8.0_382]
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException: null
	at com.example.pipayshopapi.component.WebSocketServer.onClose(WebSocketServer.java:70) ~[classes/:na]
	... 21 common frames omitted

2023-08-20 10:37:14.109 ERROR 28240 --- [nio-7125-exec-1] c.e.p.component.WebSocketServer          : 发生错误
java.lang.NullPointerException
	at com.example.pipayshopapi.component.WebSocketServer.onOpen(WebSocketServer.java:56)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
	at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.pojo.PojoEndpointBase.doOnOpen(PojoEndpointBase.java:65)
	at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.pojo.PojoEndpointServer.onOpen(PojoEndpointServer.java:64)
	at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsHttpUpgradeHandler.init(WsHttpUpgradeHandler.java:135)
	at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:935)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1597)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:750)
java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
	at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.pojo.PojoEndpointBase.onClose(PojoEndpointBase.java:103)
	at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.WsSession.fireEndpointOnClose(WsSession.java:556)
	at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.WsSession.doClose(WsSession.java:502)
	at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.WsSession.doClose(WsSession.java:460)
	at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.WsSession.close(WsSession.java:447)
	at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.WsSession.close(WsSession.java:441)
	at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.pojo.PojoEndpointBase.handleOnOpenOrCloseError(PojoEndpointBase.java:92)
	at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.pojo.PojoEndpointBase.doOnOpen(PojoEndpointBase.java:77)
	at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.pojo.PojoEndpointServer.onOpen(PojoEndpointServer.java:64)
	at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsHttpUpgradeHandler.init(WsHttpUpgradeHandler.java:135)
	at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:935)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1597)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:750)
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException
	at com.example.pipayshopapi.component.WebSocketServer.onClose(WebSocketServer.java:70)
	... 21 more

最后在网上搜索之后得出答案:

因为spring对象的创建都是以单例模式创建的,但是每一个用户连接websocker,都会创建一次webscket对象,所以当你启动项目时,你想要注入的对象已经注入进去,但是当用户连接是,新创建的websocket对象没有你要注入的对象,所以会报NullPointerException。

总结:spring管理的都是单例(singleton),和 websocket (多对象)相冲突.
解决方法:

在WebSocketServer中,使用set方法传入上下文

 private static StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;

    @Autowired
    public void setChatService(StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate) {
        WebSocketServer.stringRedisTemplate = stringRedisTemplate;
    }

 完整代码

import com.example.pipayshopapi.service.UserInfoService;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.websocket.*;
import javax.websocket.server.PathParam;
import javax.websocket.server.ServerEndpoint;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;


/**
 * @author websocket服务
 */

@Component
@ServerEndpoint(value = "/dailyActive/{userId}")
public class WebSocketServer {

    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(WebSocketServer.class);
    // 注入查看聊天列表的服务

    /**
     * 记录当前在线连接数
     */
    public static final Map<String, Session> dailyActiveCount = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();


    public static final String dailyActiveName="dailyActiveName";

    private RedisHandler redisHandler=RedisHandler.getInstance();

    private static StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;

    @Autowired
    public void setChatService(StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate) {
        WebSocketServer.stringRedisTemplate = stringRedisTemplate;
    }

    /**
     * 连接建立成功调用的方法
     */
    @OnOpen
    public void onOpen(Session session, @PathParam("userId") String userId) {
        log.error(userId+"----------------------------------------------进入");
        // 保存当前用户session
        dailyActiveCount.put(userId, session);
        // 存入redis中去
//        redisHandler.savedailyActive(dailyActiveName,dailyActiveCount.size());
        stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set(dailyActiveName,String.valueOf(dailyActiveCount.size()));
    }


    /**
     * 连接关闭调用的方法
     */
    @OnClose
    public void onClose(Session session, @PathParam("userId") String userId) {
        log.error(userId+"----------------------------------------------关闭");
        // 移除当前用户session
        dailyActiveCount.remove(userId);
        // 存入redis中去
//        redisHandler.savedailyActive(dailyActiveName,dailyActiveCount.size());
        stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set(dailyActiveName,String.valueOf(dailyActiveCount.size()));
    }


    /**
     * 收到客户端消息后调用的方法
     * 后台收到客户端发送过来的消息
     * onMessage 是一个消息的中转站
     * 接受 浏览器端 socket.send 发送过来的 json数据
     */
    @OnMessage
    public void onMessage(Session session, String message,@PathParam("userId") String userId) {



    }

    @OnError
    public void onError(Session session, Throwable error) {
        log.error("发生错误");
        error.printStackTrace();
    }


 

 
 
}

 

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首先,需要在pom.xml文件中添加Netty和Spring Boot依赖: ```xml <dependency> <groupId>io.netty</groupId> <artifactId>netty-all</artifactId> <version>4.1.43.Final</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId> </dependency> ``` 然后,创建一个WebSocket客户端类,继承自 `ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter`,实现WebSocket协议相关的方法: ```java @Component public class WebSocketClient extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter { private WebSocketClientHandshaker handshaker; private ChannelPromise handshakeFuture; @Autowired private WebSocketClientHandler handler; public void connect(String url) throws Exception { URI uri = new URI(url); String scheme = uri.getScheme() == null ? "ws" : uri.getScheme(); String host = uri.getHost() == null ? "127.0.0.1" : uri.getHost(); int port = uri.getPort(); if (port == -1) { if ("ws".equalsIgnoreCase(scheme)) { port = 80; } else if ("wss".equalsIgnoreCase(scheme)) { port = 443; } } if (!"ws".equalsIgnoreCase(scheme) && !"wss".equalsIgnoreCase(scheme)) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported scheme: " + scheme); } final WebSocketClientHandler handler = this.handler; EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup(); try { Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap(); bootstrap.group(group) .option(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true) .channel(NioSocketChannel.class) .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() { @Override public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception { ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline(); if ("wss".equalsIgnoreCase(scheme)) { SslContext sslContext = SslContextBuilder.forClient().build(); pipeline.addLast(sslContext.newHandler(ch.alloc(), host, port)); } pipeline.addLast(new HttpClientCodec(), new HttpObjectAggregator(8192), WebSocketClientCompressionHandler.INSTANCE, handler); } }); Channel channel = bootstrap.connect(uri.getHost(), port).sync().channel(); handshaker = WebSocketClientHandshakerFactory.newHandshaker( uri, WebSocketVersion.V13, null, true, new DefaultHttpHeaders()); handshakeFuture = channel.newPromise(); handler.setHandshakeFuture(handshakeFuture); channel.writeAndFlush(new DefaultHttpRequest(HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1, HttpMethod.GET, uri.getRawPath())) .addListener(new ChannelFutureListener() { @Override public void operationComplete(ChannelFuture future) { if (future.isSuccess()) { handshaker.handshake(future.channel()); } else { handshakeFuture.setFailure(future.cause()); } } }); handshakeFuture.sync(); channel.closeFuture().sync(); } finally { group.shutdownGracefully(); } } @Override public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception { handler.setCtx(ctx); handshaker.handshake(ctx.channel()); } @Override public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception { System.out.println("WebSocket Client disconnected!"); handler.setCtx(null); } @Override public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception { Channel ch = ctx.channel(); if (!handshaker.isHandshakeComplete()) { try { handshaker.finishHandshake(ch, (FullHttpResponse) msg); System.out.println("WebSocket Client connected!"); handshakeFuture.setSuccess(); } catch (WebSocketHandshakeException e) { System.out.println("WebSocket Client failed to connect"); handshakeFuture.setFailure(e); } return; } if (msg instanceof FullHttpResponse) { FullHttpResponse response = (FullHttpResponse) msg; throw new IllegalStateException( "Unexpected FullHttpResponse (getStatus=" + response.status() + ", content=" + response.content().toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8) + ')'); } WebSocketFrame frame = (WebSocketFrame) msg; if (frame instanceof TextWebSocketFrame) { TextWebSocketFrame textFrame = (TextWebSocketFrame) frame; System.out.println("WebSocket Client received message: " + textFrame.text()); } else if (frame instanceof PongWebSocketFrame) { System.out.println("WebSocket Client received pong"); } else if (frame instanceof CloseWebSocketFrame) { System.out.println("WebSocket Client received closing"); ch.close(); } } } ``` 在这个类中,我们注入了一个 `WebSocketClientHandler` 的实例,它也是一个 `ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter`,用于处理WebSocket消息。在 `connect()` 方法中,我们使用Netty创建了一个Bootstrap实例,并设置了一些参数,然后连接到WebSocket服务器。在连接成功后,进行了握手操作,以确保连接正常建立。 下面是 `WebSocketClientHandler` 的实现: ```java @Component public class WebSocketClientHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter { private ChannelHandlerContext ctx; private ChannelPromise handshakeFuture; public void setCtx(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) { this.ctx = ctx; } public void setHandshakeFuture(ChannelPromise handshakeFuture) { this.handshakeFuture = handshakeFuture; } @Override public void userEventTriggered(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object evt) throws Exception { if (evt == WebSocketClientProtocolHandler.ClientHandshakeStateEvent.HANDSHAKE_COMPLETE) { handshakeFuture.setSuccess(); } else { super.userEventTriggered(ctx, evt); } } @Override public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception { // Handle WebSocket message } // Other methods } ``` 在这个类中,我们重写了 `channelRead()` 方法,用于处理WebSocket消息。我们也保存了当前的 `ChannelHandlerContext` 和握手操作的 `ChannelPromise`,以便在连接成功后进行操作。 最后,在Spring Boot的主类中,可以通过注入 `WebSocketClient` 的方式来启动WebSocket客户端: ```java @SpringBootApplication public class Application { @Autowired private WebSocketClient webSocketClient; public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args); } @EventListener(ApplicationReadyEvent.class) public void connect() throws Exception { webSocketClient.connect("ws://localhost:8080/websocket"); } } ``` 在 `connect()` 方法中,我们调用了 `WebSocketClient` 的 `connect()` 方法,来连接到WebSocket服务器。注意,这个方法是阻塞的,直到连接关闭或连接失败。 这样,我们就成功地使用Netty和Spring Boot实现了一个WebSocket客户端,并且可以将其注入Spring Boot的Bean容器中,以方便管理和使用。

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