1、Vlink的三种场景
1.1、区域“012”
这是一个错误的OSPF设计,非骨干区域需要与骨干区域相连。但我们可以使用Vlink技术逻辑上将R2R3使用区域0连接起来,骨干区域被放大,以至于能够连接两个非骨干区域。
配置过程:
常规配置结束后,我们在R4上查看LSDB,发现只有自己本区域的。
[R4]dis ospf lsdb
OSPF Process 10 with Router ID 4.4.4.4
Link State DatabaseArea: 0.0.0.2
Type LinkState ID AdvRouter Age Len Sequence Metric
Router 4.4.4.4 4.4.4.4 363 48 80000004 1
Router 3.3.3.3 3.3.3.3 366 36 80000005 1
Network 34.34.34.3 3.3.3.3 366 32 80000002 0
接下来我们使用Vlink将R2-R3逻辑上连接起来
R2:
ospf 10 router-id 2.2.2.2
area 0.0.0.0
area 0.0.0.1
vlink-peer 3.3.3.3 //在区域1里建立虚链路指向对端RID
R3:
ospf 10 router-id 3.3.3.3
area 0.0.0.1
vlink-peer 2.2.2.2 //在区域1里建立虚链路指向对端RID
area 0.0.0.2
验证:
虚链路邻居ID为3.3.3.3,状态full
[R2]dis ospf vlinkOSPF Process 10 with Router ID 2.2.2.2
Virtual LinksVirtual-link Neighbor-id -> 3.3.3.3, Neighbor-State: Full
Interface: 23.23.23.2 (GigabitEthernet0/0/1)
Cost: 1 State: P-2-P Type: Virtual
Transit Area: 0.0.0.1
Timers: Hello 10 , Dead 40 , Retransmit 5 , Transmit Delay 1
我们R4上查看路由表,发现路由表已经正常
[R4]dis ip routing-table protocol ospf
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public routing table : OSPF
Destinations : 5 Routes : 5OSPF routing table status : <Active>
Destinations : 5 Routes : 5Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
1.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 3 D 34.34.34.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
2.2.2.2/32 OSPF 10 2 D 34.34.34.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
3.3.3.3/32 OSPF 10 1 D 34.34.34.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
12.12.12.0/24 OSPF 10 3 D 34.34.34.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
23.23.23.0/24 OSPF 10 2 D 34.34.34.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0OSPF routing table status : <Inactive>
Destinations : 0 Routes : 0
1.2、区域“010”
在这张拓扑中存在的问题是区域0被分割了,根据水平分割的防环机制,ABR不会将描述到达某个区域的LSA再注入回该区域。所以R4上无法收到R1-R2区域0的LSA,R1也无法收到R3-R4区域0的LSA
配置过程:
常规配置结束后,我们在R4上查看LSDB,发现没有对端区域0的LSA
[R4]dis ip routing-table protocol ospf
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public routing table : OSPF
Destinations : 2 Routes : 2OSPF routing table status : <Active>
Destinations : 2 Routes : 2Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
3.3.3.3/32 OSPF 10 1 D 34.34.34.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
23.23.23.0/24 OSPF 10 2 D 34.34.34.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0OSPF routing table status : <Inactive>
Destinations : 0 Routes : 0
接下来我们使用Vlink将R2-R3逻辑上连接起来
R2:
ospf 10 router-id 2.2.2.2
area 0.0.0.0
area 0.0.0.1
vlink-peer 3.3.3.3 //在区域1里建立虚链路指向对端RID
R3:
ospf 10 router-id 3.3.3.3
area 0.0.0.1
vlink-peer 2.2.2.2 //在区域1里建立虚链路指向对端RID
area 0.0.0.2
我们R4上查看路由表,发现路由表已经正常
[R4]dis ip routing-table protocol ospf
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public routing table : OSPF
Destinations : 5 Routes : 5OSPF routing table status : <Active>
Destinations : 5 Routes : 5Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
1.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 3 D 34.34.34.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
2.2.2.2/32 OSPF 10 2 D 34.34.34.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
3.3.3.3/32 OSPF 10 1 D 34.34.34.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
12.12.12.0/24 OSPF 10 3 D 34.34.34.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
23.23.23.0/24 OSPF 10 2 D 34.34.34.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0OSPF routing table status : <Inactive>
Destinations : 0 Routes : 0
1.3、区域“123”
在这张拓扑中没有物理上没有区域0,违反了非骨干区域需要与骨干区域相连的规则,所以我们依然使用虚链路在R2-R3中间逻辑上建立一个区域0,使其与区域1、2、3相连。
配置过程:
常规配置结束后,我们在R4上查看路由表,发现没有任何一条路由
[R4]dis ip routing-table protocol ospf
[R4]
接下来我们使用Vlink将R2-R3逻辑上连接起来
R2:
ospf 10 router-id 2.2.2.2area 0.0.0.2
vlink-peer 3.3.3.3 //在区域1里建立虚链路指向对端RID
R3:
ospf 10 router-id 3.3.3.3
area 0.0.0.2
vlink-peer 2.2.2.2 //在区域1里建立虚链路指向对端RID
我们R4上查看路由表,发现路由表已经正常
[R4]dis ip routing-table protocol ospf
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public routing table : OSPF
Destinations : 5 Routes : 5OSPF routing table status : <Active>
Destinations : 5 Routes : 5Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
1.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 3 D 34.34.34.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
2.2.2.2/32 OSPF 10 2 D 34.34.34.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
3.3.3.3/32 OSPF 10 1 D 34.34.34.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
12.12.12.0/24 OSPF 10 3 D 34.34.34.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
23.23.23.0/24 OSPF 10 2 D 34.34.34.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0OSPF routing table status : <Inactive>
Destinations : 0 Routes : 0