【Opencv学习】Image Thresholding

文章目录

一、灰度图像二值化

阈值类型：

二、自适应阈值

 三、大津法阈值选择

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一、灰度图像二值化

阈值类型：

cv.THRESH_BINARY

cv.THRESH_BINARY_INV

cv.THRESH_TRUNC

cv.THRESH_TOZERO

cv.THRESH_TOZERO_INV

import cv2.cv2 as cv
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

img = np.zeros((256,256),dtype= np.uint8)
for i in range(256):
    img[i,:] = np.linspace(0,255,256,dtype=np.uint8)
ret,thresh1 = cv.threshold(img,127,255,cv.THRESH_BINARY)
ret,thresh2 = cv.threshold(img,127,255,cv.THRESH_BINARY_INV)
ret,thresh3 = cv.threshold(img,127,255,cv.THRESH_TRUNC)
ret,thresh4 = cv.threshold(img,127,255,cv.THRESH_TOZERO)
ret,thresh5 = cv.threshold(img,127,255,cv.THRESH_TOZERO_INV)
titles = ['Original Image','BINARY','BINARY_INV','TRUNC','TOZERO','TOZERO_INV']
images = [img, thresh1, thresh2, thresh3, thresh4, thresh5]
for i in range(6):
    plt.subplot(2,3,i+1),plt.imshow(images[i],'gray')
    plt.title(titles[i])
    plt.xticks([]),plt.yticks([])
plt.show()

 

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二、自适应阈值

dst=cv.adaptiveThreshold(src, maxValue, adaptiveMethod, thresholdType, blockSize, C[, dst])

adaptiveMethod：

1.cv.ADAPTIVE_THRESH_MEAN_C ‎        阈值是邻域面积的平均值减去常量 ‎‎C

2.cv.ADAPTIVE_THRESH_GAUSSIAN_C         阈值是邻域值减去常量 ‎‎C‎‎ 的高斯加权和

import cv2.cv2 as cv
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

img = cv.imread("img.png",0)
ret,th1 = cv.threshold(img,127,255,cv.THRESH_BINARY)
th2 = cv.adaptiveThreshold(img,255,cv.ADAPTIVE_THRESH_MEAN_C,\
            cv.THRESH_BINARY,11,2)
th3 = cv.adaptiveThreshold(img,255,cv.ADAPTIVE_THRESH_GAUSSIAN_C,\
            cv.THRESH_BINARY,11,2)
titles = ['Original Image', 'Global Thresholding (v = 127)',
            'Adaptive Mean Thresholding', 'Adaptive Gaussian Thresholding']
images = [img, th1, th2, th3]
for i in range(4):
    plt.subplot(2,2,i+1),plt.imshow(images[i],'gray')
    plt.title(titles[i])
    plt.xticks([]),plt.yticks([])
plt.show()

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 三、大津法阈值选择

cv.threshold()中的一个阈值类型cv.THRESH_OTSU

   

import cv2 as cv
import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
img = cv.imread('img_1.png',0)
# Otsu's thresholding
ret,th = cv.threshold(img,0,255,cv.THRESH_BINARY+cv.THRESH_OTSU)
titles = ['Original Noisy Image',"Otsu's Thresholding"]
plt.subplot(1,2,1),plt.imshow(img,'gray')
plt.title(titles[0]), plt.xticks([]), plt.yticks([])
plt.subplot(1,2,2),plt.imshow(th,'gray')
plt.title(titles[1]), plt.xticks([]), plt.yticks([])
plt.show()