主控使用STC89C52RC,双击测试按钮显示3S倒计时,倒计时结束蜂鸣器响起。当听到蜂鸣器响起时被测人员需立即按下测试按钮,此时LCD显示屏显示蜂鸣器响起到按键被按下时间。抢答与未答均视为违规,显示屏显示请重测。
以下代码以普中A3开发板为例,未经上电测试,仅供参考!
一.LCD1602驱动代码
LCD1602原理图连接:
LCD1602驱动代码:
LCD1602.h文件
#ifndef __LCD1602_H__
#define __LCD1602_H__
//用户调用函数:
void LCD_Init();
void LCD_ShowChar(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column,char Char);
void LCD_ShowString(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column,char *String);
void LCD_ShowNum(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column,unsigned int Number,unsigned char Length);
void LCD_ShowSignedNum(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column,int Number,unsigned char Length);
void LCD_ShowHexNum(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column,unsigned int Number,unsigned char Length);
void LCD_ShowBinNum(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column,unsigned int Number,unsigned char Length);
#endif
LCD1602.c文件
#include "LCD1602.h"
#include <STC89C5xRC.H>
//引脚配置:
#define LCD_RS P26
#define LCD_RW P25
#define LCD_EN P27
#define LCD_DataPort P0
//函数定义:
/**
* @brief LCD1602延时函数,12MHz调用可延时1ms
* @param 无
* @retval 无
*/
void LCD_Delay()
{
unsigned char i, j;
i = 2;
j = 239;
do
{
while (--j);
} while (--i);
}
/**
* @brief LCD1602写命令
* @param Command 要写入的命令
* @retval 无
*/
void LCD_WriteCommand(unsigned char Command)
{
LCD_RS=0;
LCD_RW=0;
LCD_DataPort=Command;
LCD_EN=1;
LCD_Delay();
LCD_EN=0;
LCD_Delay();
}
/**
* @brief LCD1602写数据
* @param Data 要写入的数据
* @retval 无
*/
void LCD_WriteData(unsigned char Data)
{
LCD_RS=1;
LCD_RW=0;
LCD_DataPort=Data;
LCD_EN=1;
LCD_Delay();
LCD_EN=0;
LCD_Delay();
}
/**
* @brief LCD1602设置光标位置
* @param Line 行位置,范围:1~2
* @param Column 列位置,范围:1~16
* @retval 无
*/
void LCD_SetCursor(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column)
{
if(Line==1)
{
LCD_WriteCommand(0x80|(Column-1));
}
else if(Line==2)
{
LCD_WriteCommand(0x80|(Column-1+0x40));
}
}
/**
* @brief LCD1602初始化函数
* @param 无
* @retval 无
*/
void LCD_Init()
{
LCD_WriteCommand(0x38);//八位数据接口,两行显示,5*7点阵
LCD_WriteCommand(0x0c);//显示开,光标关,闪烁关
LCD_WriteCommand(0x06);//数据读写操作后,光标自动加一,画面不动
LCD_WriteCommand(0x01);//光标复位,清屏
}
/**
* @brief LCD1602清屏
* @param 无
* @retval 无
*/
void LCD_Clear(void)
{
LCD_WriteCommand(0x01);//光标复位,清屏
}
/**
* @brief 在LCD1602指定位置上显示一个字符
* @param Line 行位置,范围:1~2
* @param Column 列位置,范围:1~16
* @param Char 要显示的字符
* @retval 无
*/
void LCD_ShowChar(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column,char Char)
{
LCD_SetCursor(Line,Column);
LCD_WriteData(Char);
}
/**
* @brief 在LCD1602指定位置开始显示所给字符串
* @param Line 起始行位置,范围:1~2
* @param Column 起始列位置,范围:1~16
* @param String 要显示的字符串
* @retval 无
*/
void LCD_ShowString(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column,char *String)
{
unsigned char i;
LCD_SetCursor(Line,Column);
for(i=0;String[i]!='\0';i++)
{
LCD_WriteData(String[i]);
}
}
/**
* @brief 返回值=X的Y次方
*/
int LCD_Pow(int X,int Y)
{
unsigned char i;
int Result=1;
for(i=0;i<Y;i++)
{
Result*=X;
}
return Result;
}
/**
* @brief 在LCD1602指定位置开始显示所给数字
* @param Line 起始行位置,范围:1~2
* @param Column 起始列位置,范围:1~16
* @param Number 要显示的数字,范围:0~65535
* @param Length 要显示数字的长度,范围:1~5
* @retval 无
*/
void LCD_ShowNum(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column,unsigned int Number,unsigned char Length)
{
unsigned char i;
LCD_SetCursor(Line,Column);
for(i=Length;i>0;i--)
{
LCD_WriteData(Number/LCD_Pow(10,i-1)%10+'0');
}
}
/**
* @brief 在LCD1602指定位置开始以有符号十进制显示所给数字
* @param Line 起始行位置,范围:1~2
* @param Column 起始列位置,范围:1~16
* @param Number 要显示的数字,范围:-32768~32767
* @param Length 要显示数字的长度,范围:1~5
* @retval 无
*/
void LCD_ShowSignedNum(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column,int Number,unsigned char Length)
{
unsigned char i;
unsigned int Number1;
LCD_SetCursor(Line,Column);
if(Number>=0)
{
LCD_WriteData('+');
Number1=Number;
}
else
{
LCD_WriteData('-');
Number1=-Number;
}
for(i=Length;i>0;i--)
{
LCD_WriteData(Number1/LCD_Pow(10,i-1)%10+'0');
}
}
/**
* @brief 在LCD1602指定位置开始以十六进制显示所给数字
* @param Line 起始行位置,范围:1~2
* @param Column 起始列位置,范围:1~16
* @param Number 要显示的数字,范围:0~0xFFFF
* @param Length 要显示数字的长度,范围:1~4
* @retval 无
*/
void LCD_ShowHexNum(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column,unsigned int Number,unsigned char Length)
{
unsigned char i,SingleNumber;
LCD_SetCursor(Line,Column);
for(i=Length;i>0;i--)
{
SingleNumber=Number/LCD_Pow(16,i-1)%16;
if(SingleNumber<10)
{
LCD_WriteData(SingleNumber+'0');
}
else
{
LCD_WriteData(SingleNumber-10+'A');
}
}
}
/**
* @brief 在LCD1602指定位置开始以二进制显示所给数字
* @param Line 起始行位置,范围:1~2
* @param Column 起始列位置,范围:1~16
* @param Number 要显示的数字,范围:0~1111 1111 1111 1111
* @param Length 要显示数字的长度,范围:1~16
* @retval 无
*/
void LCD_ShowBinNum(unsigned char Line,unsigned char Column,unsigned int Number,unsigned char Length)
{
unsigned char i;
LCD_SetCursor(Line,Column);
for(i=Length;i>0;i--)
{
LCD_WriteData(Number/LCD_Pow(2,i-1)%2+'0');
}
}
二.无源蜂鸣器
蜂鸣器连接原理图:
三.按键
按键原理图连接:
无延时按键消抖代码:
key.c文件
#include "key.h"
struct KEYdataBase KeyData;
struct KEYscanDataBase KeyScanData;
void KeyDataInit(void) //按键状态数据
{
KeyData.KEY1=NO_CLICKED;
}
void KeyScanDataInit(void) //按键扫描处理数据
{
KeyScanData.KEY1_Cont=0;
KeyScanData.KEY1_num=0;
KeyScanData.KEY1_Trg=0;
}
void KEY_GPIO_Init(void)
{
KEY1_PORT=1; //作为输入引脚,必需先将输入锁存器置1
}
void KEY_Init(void)
{
KeyScanDataInit();
KeyDataInit();
KEY_GPIO_Init();
}
void KEY_Scan(void)
{
static uint8_t KEY1_state; //记录是否双击
static uint8_t KEY1_Num;
uint8_t Read_data;
//状态机
Read_data=KEY1_SATE()^0X01; //KEY1_SATE()返回值必需为bit位
KeyScanData.KEY1_Trg = Read_data & (Read_data ^ KeyScanData.KEY1_Cont);
KeyScanData.KEY1_Cont = Read_data;
/**************** KEY1 **************/
if((KeyScanData.KEY1_Trg==0) && (KeyScanData.KEY1_Cont==0))//松手或者未按下
{
if((KeyScanData.KEY1_num<50) && (KeyScanData.KEY1_num>1))//检测到按键按下超过40ms且小于1s
{
if(KEY1_state==0)
{
KEY1_state=1;
KEY1_Num=0;
}
else
{
if(KEY1_Num > 8) //双击
{
KeyData.KEY1=DOUBLE_CLICKED;
}
KEY1_Num=0;
KEY1_state=0;
}
}
KeyScanData.KEY1_num=0;
}
if(KEY1_state==1) //短按
{
KEY1_Num++;
if(KEY1_Num==25) //0.5s
{
KEY1_Num=0;
KEY1_state=0;
KeyData.KEY1=CLICKED;
}
}
if((KeyScanData.KEY1_Trg==0)&&(KeyScanData.KEY1_Cont==1))
{
if(KeyScanData.KEY1_num<100) KeyScanData.KEY1_num++;
if(KeyScanData.KEY1_num==100) //满足长按
{
KeyData.KEY1=LONG_CLICKED;
KeyScanData.KEY1_num++;
}
}
}
key.h文件
#ifndef __KEY_H
#define __KEY_H
#include <STC89C5xRC.H>
#define uint8_t unsigned char
#define KEY1_PORT P31 //按键1引脚
#define KEY1_SATE() P31
enum KEY_STATE{NO_CLICKED,CLICKED,DOUBLE_CLICKED,LONG_CLICKED};
struct KEYdataBase
{
volatile enum KEY_STATE KEY1; //KEY1 P3^1
};
struct KEYscanDataBase
{
uint8_t KEY1_Trg;
uint8_t KEY1_Cont;
uint8_t KEY1_num;
};
void KEY_Init(void);
void KEY_Scan(void);
#endif
四.参考代码
#include <STC89C5xRC.H>
#include "LCD1602.h"
#include "key.h"
//板载晶振频率11.0592MHZ
#define Beep P25 //蜂鸣器引脚
bit keyscan_flag=0;
bit TestStart_flag=0;
bit BeepPrompt_flag=0;
extern struct KEYdataBase KeyData; //按键状态
unsigned int time_10s=20000; //20000*0.5ms=10s
unsigned int ReactionTime_us=0; //反应时间 /us
void Key_Task(); //按键任务处理
void Timer0_Init(void); //0.5毫秒@11.0592MHz
void Timer1_Init(void); //70毫秒@11.0592MHz
void Timer0_Isr(void) interrupt 1
{
static unsigned char time_20ms=0,time_500us=0;
TL0 = 0xA4;
TH0 = 0xFF;
if(++time_20ms==200)
{
time_20ms=0;
keyscan_flag=1;
}
if(BeepPrompt_flag)
{
if(++time_500us==5) //无源蜂鸣器 声音频率=1000ms/0.5ms/2=1000KHZ
{
time_500us=0;
Beep=!Beep;
}
}
if(TestStart_flag) //测试开始
{
LCD_ShowNum(2,0,time_10s/2000,2); //显示10s倒计时
if(--time_10s==0) //2.倒计时10s结束!
{
time_10s=20000;
TestStart_flag=0;
BeepPrompt_flag=1; //3.蜂鸣器响起
TR1 = 1; //4.定时器1开始计时
}
}
}
void main()
{
LCD_Init();
KEY_Init();
Timer0_Init();
Timer1_Init();
while(1)
{
if(keyscan_flag)
{
KEY_Scan();
Key_Task();
keyscan_flag=0;
}
ReactionTime_us= (TH1*256+TL1)*(12/11.0592));
if(ReactionTime_us>65536) LCD_ShowString(1,1,"ERROR!"); //时间大于70ms 超时!
}
}
void Key_Task() //按键任务处理
{
if(KeyData.KEY1==CLICKED)//单击:5.测试按键被按下
{
if(TestStart_flag) LCD_ShowString(1,1,"ERROR!"); //抢答
else
{
TR1 = 0; //6.定时器1计时结束
BeepPrompt_flag=0; //7.关蜂鸣器
LCD_Clear(); //LCD清屏
LCD_ShowNum(2,0,ReactionTime_us,6); //8.显示反应时间
LCD_ShowString(2,10,"us");
}
KeyData.KEY1=NO_CLICKED;
}
else if(KeyData.KEY1==DOUBLE_CLICKED){ //双击:1.复位/测试开始
LCD_Clear(); //LCD清屏
LCD_ShowString(1,1,"TEST START!");
TestStart_flag=1;
KeyData.KEY1=NO_CLICKED;
}
else if(KeyData.KEY1==LONG_CLICKED){ //长按
KeyData.KEY1=NO_CLICKED;
}
else KeyData.KEY1=NO_CLICKED;
}
void Timer1_Init(void) //70毫秒@11.0592MHz
{
TMOD &= 0x0F;
TMOD |= 0x10;
TL1 = 0x00;
TH1 = 0x04;
TF1 = 0;
TR1 = 0; //定时器1需要按键按下才开始计时
}
void Timer0_Init(void) //100us @11.0592MHz
{
TMOD &= 0xF0;
TMOD |= 0x01;
TL0 = 0xA4;
TH0 = 0xFF;
TF0 = 0;
ET0 = 1;
TR0 = 1; //打开定时器0
}