红黑树实现map,set封装

目录

红黑树改造

 红黑树正向迭代器

 结构

operator*和operator-> 

operator++ 

operator-- 

operator!=和==

红黑树反向迭代器 

红黑树封装源码

map封装源码

set封装源码


红黑树改造

为了实现复用,我们将红黑树模板参数进行改造。 

T表示节点中所存储的数据类型 

template<class T>
struct RBNode
{
	RBNode<T>* _left;
	RBNode<T>* _right;
	RBNode<T>* _parent;
	T _data;
	Color _col;
	RBNode(const T& data)
		:_left(nullptr)
		,_right(nullptr)
		,_parent(nullptr)
		,_data(data)
		,_col(RED)
	{

	}
};

K表示key的类型,而T表示节点中所存储的数据类型 

template<class K,class T,class KeyofT>
class RBTree
{
	typedef RBNode<T> Node;
private:
    Node* _root;
};

那么第三个模板参数又是什么呢?

我们通过KeyofT实现仿函数,对其operator()运算符进行重载

struct MapKeyofT
		{
			const K& operator()(const pair<K, V>& kv)
			{
				return kv.first;
			}
		};
struct SetKeyofT
		{
			const K& operator()(const K& k)
			{
				return k;
			}
		};

 

如果是set,kot(data)取出来的就是key

如果是map,kot(data)取出来的就是pair<K,V>.first,也就是key的值

通过它我们可以在红黑树中实现key值的比较

map结构:

private:

		RBTree<K, pair<K,V>, MapKeyofT> _t;

 

set结构: 

private:
RBTree<K, K, SetKeyofT> _t;

 红黑树正向迭代器

 结构

template<class T, class Ref, class Ptr>
struct RBTreeIterator
{
	typedef RBNode<T> Node;
	typedef RBTreeIterator<T, Ref, Ptr> self;
	Node* _node;
	RBTreeIterator(Node* node)
		:_node(node)
	{

	}
};

operator*和operator-> 

 

Ref operator*()
	{
		return _node->_data;
	}
	Ptr operator->()
	{
		return &_node->_data;
	}

operator++ 

++就是要寻找中序遍历的下一个值,如果寻找呢?

如果右子树为空,那么就找孩子是父亲左的那个祖先节点

如果右子树不为空,那么就找右子树的最左节点 

self& operator++()
	{
		if (_node->_right)
		{
			//找右子树的最左节点
			Node* min = _node->_right;
			while (min->_left)
			{
				min = min->_left;
			}
			_node = min;
		}
		else
		{
			//找孩子是父亲左的那个祖先节点
			Node* cur = _node;
			Node* parent = cur->_parent;//父亲可能不存在
			while (parent && parent->_right == cur)
			{
				cur = parent;
				parent = parent->_parent;
			}
			_node = parent;
		}
		return *this;
	}
	self operator++(int)
	{
		self tmp(*this);
		++(*this);
		return tmp;
	}

 

operator-- 

--的思路与++正好相反

如果左子树为空,那么就找孩子是父亲右的那个祖先节点

如果左子树不为空,那么就找左子树的最右节点 

self& operator--()
	{
		if (_node->_left)
		{
			//找左子树的最右节点
			Node* max = _node->_left;
			while (max->_right)
			{
				max = max->_right;
			}
			_node = max;
		}
		else
		{
			//找孩子是父亲右的那个祖先节点
			Node* cur = _node;
			Node* parent = cur->_parent;
			while (parent && parent->_left == cur)
			{
				cur = parent;
				parent = parent->_parent;
			}
			_node = parent;
		}
	}
	self operator--(int)
	{
		self tmp(*this);
		--(*this);
		return tmp;
	}

operator!=和==

 直接使用节点地址比较

bool operator!=(const self& it)const
	{
		return _node != it._node;
	}
	bool operator==(const self& it)const
	{
		return _node == it._node;
	}

红黑树反向迭代器 

template<class Iterator, class Ref, class Ptr>
class _reverse_iterator
{
public:
	typedef _reverse_iterator<Iterator, Ref, Ptr> self;
	_reverse_iterator(Iterator it)
		:_it(it)
	{}
	Ref operator*()
	{
		return *_it;
	}
	Ptr operator->()
	{
		return &(operator*());
	}
	bool operator==(const _reverse_iterator& rit)const
	{
		return _it == rit._it;
	}
	bool operator!=(const _reverse_iterator& rit)const
	{
		return _it != rit._it;
	}
	self& operator++()
	{
		--_it;
		return *this;
	}
	self operator++(int)
	{
		self tmp(*this);
		--_it;
		return tmp;
	}
	self& operator--()
	{
		_it++;
		return *this;
	}
	self operator--(int)
	{
		self tmp(*this);
		_it++;
		return tmp;
	}
private:
	Iterator _it;
};

红黑树封装源码

template<class K,class T,class KeyofT>
class RBTree
{
	typedef RBNode<T> Node;
public:
	typedef RBTreeIterator<T, T&, T*> iterator;
	typedef RBTreeIterator<T, const T&, const T*> const_iterator;
	typedef _reverse_iterator<iterator, T&, T*> reverse_iterator;
	typedef _reverse_iterator<const_iterator, const T&,const T*> const_reverse_iterator;
	reverse_iterator rbegin()
	{
		//寻找最右节点
		Node* max = _root;
		while (max && max->_right)
		{
			max = max->_right;
		}
		return reverse_iterator(iterator(max));
	}
	reverse_iterator rend()
	{
		return reverse_iterator(iterator(nullptr));
	}
	const_reverse_iterator rbegin()const
	{
		Node* max = _root;
		while (max && max->_right)
		{
			max = max->_right;
		}
		return const_reverse_iterator(const_iterator(max));
	}
	const_reverse_iterator rend()const
	{
		return const_reverse_iterator(const_iterator(nullptr));
	}
	iterator begin()
	{
		Node* min = _root;
		while (min&&min->_left)
		{
			min = min->_left;
		}
		return iterator(min);
	}
	iterator end()
	{
		return iterator(nullptr);
	}
	const_iterator begin()const
	{
		Node* min = _root;
		while (min&&min->_left)
		{
			min = min->_left;
		}
		return const_iterator(min);
	}
	const_iterator end()const
	{
		return const_iterator(nullptr);
	}
	RBTree()
		:_root(nullptr)
	{

	}
	RBTree(const RBTree<K, T, KeyofT>& t)
	{
		_root = Copy(t._root);
	}
	RBTree<K, T, KeyofT>& operator=(RBTree<K, T, KeyofT> t)
	{
		swap(_root, t._root);
		return *this;
	}
	~RBTree()
	{
		Destory(_root);
		_root = nullptr;
	}
	iterator Find(const K& key)
	{
		Node* cur = _root;
		KeyofT kot;
		while (cur)
		{
			if (kot(cur->_data) < key)
			{
				cur = cur->_right;
			}
			else if (kot(cur->_data) > key)
			{
				cur = cur->_left;
			}
			else
			{
				return iterator(cur);
			}
		}
		return end();
	}
	const_iterator Find(const K& key)const
	{
		Node* cur = _root;
		KeyofT kot;
		while (cur)
		{
			if (kot(cur->_data) < key)
			{
				cur = cur->_right;
			}
			else if (kot(cur->_data) > key)
			{
				cur = cur->_left;
			}
			else
			{
				return const_iterator(cur);
			}
		}
		return end();
	}
	pair<iterator,bool> Insert(const T& data)
	{
		if (_root == nullptr)
		{
			_root = new Node(data);
			_root->_col = BLACK;
			return make_pair(iterator(_root), true);
		}
		KeyofT kot;
		//先插入节点
		Node* parent = nullptr;
		Node* cur = _root;
		while (cur)
		{
			if (kot(cur->_data) < kot(data))
			{
				parent = cur;
				cur = cur->_right;
			}
			else if(kot(cur->_data) > kot(data))
			{
				parent = cur;
				cur = cur->_left;
			}
			else
			{
				return make_pair(iterator(cur), false);
			}
		}
		cur = new Node(data);
		Node* ret = cur;
		if (kot(parent->_data) < kot(data))
		{
			parent->_right = cur;
			cur->_parent = parent;
		}
		else
		{
			parent->_left = cur;
			cur->_parent = parent;
		}
		//开始调整
		while (parent && parent->_col==RED)//当父亲为红才需要调整
		{
			Node* grandfather = parent->_parent;//grandfather一定存在
			if (grandfather->_left == parent)
			{
				Node* uncle = grandfather->_right;
				//1.uncle存在且为红,p,u变黑,g变红,向上调整
				if (uncle && uncle->_col == RED)
				{
					parent->_col = uncle->_col = BLACK;
					grandfather->_col = RED;
					cur = grandfather;
					parent = cur->_parent;
				}
				//2.uncle不存在或为黑,此时进行旋转
				else
				{
					Node* uncle = grandfather->_right;
					//单纯左边高
					//     g
					//  p
					//cur
					//此时对g进行右旋,p变黑,g变红
					if (parent->_left == cur)
					{
						RoateR(grandfather);
						parent->_col = BLACK;
						grandfather->_col = RED;
					}
					//   g
					//p
					//   cur
					//此时先对p进行左旋,再对g进行右旋
					//cur变黑,g变红
					else
					{
						RoateL(parent);
						RoateR(grandfather);
						cur->_col = BLACK;
						grandfather->_col = RED;
					}
					break;
				}
			}
			else
			{
				Node* uncle = grandfather->_left;
				//1.uncle存在且为红,p,u变黑,g变红,向上调整
				if (uncle && uncle->_col == RED)
				{
					parent->_col = uncle->_col = BLACK;
					grandfather->_col = RED;
					cur = grandfather;
					parent = cur->_parent;
				}
				//2.uncle不存在或为黑
				else
				{
					//单纯右边高
					//   g
					//      p
					//        cur
					//对g进行左旋,g变红,p变黑
					if (parent->_right == cur)
					{
						RoateL(grandfather);
						parent->_col = BLACK;
						grandfather->_col = RED;
					}
					//
					//   g
					//      p
					//   cur
					// 此时先对p进行右旋,再对g进行左旋,cur变黑,g变红
					else
					{
						RoateR(parent);
						RoateL(grandfather);
						cur->_col = BLACK;
						grandfather->_col = RED;
					}
					break;
				}
			}
		}
		_root->_col = BLACK;
		return make_pair(iterator(ret), true);
	}
private:
	Node* Copy(Node* root)
	{
		if (root == nullptr)
		{
			return nullptr;
		}
		Node* newroot = new Node(root->_data);
		newroot->_left = Copy(root->_left);
		newroot->_right = Copy(root->_right);
		if (newroot->_left)
		{
			newroot->_left->_parent = newroot;
		}
		if (newroot->_right)
		{
			newroot->_right->_parent = newroot;
		}
		return newroot;
	}
	void Destory(Node* root)
	{
		if (root == nullptr)
		{
			return;
		}
		Destory(root->_left);
		Destory(root->_right);
		delete root;
	}
	void RoateL(Node* parent)
	{
		//更改链接关系
		Node* parentparent = parent->_parent;
		Node* subR = parent->_right;
		Node* subRL = subR->_left;
		parent->_right = subRL;
		if (subRL)
		{
			subRL->_parent = parent;
		}
		subR->_left = parent;
		parent->_parent = subR;
		if (parentparent == nullptr)
		{
			_root = subR;
			subR->_parent = nullptr;
		}
		else
		{
			if (parentparent->_left == parent)
			{
				parentparent->_left = subR;
				subR->_parent = parentparent;
			}
			else
			{
				parentparent->_right = subR;
				subR->_parent = parentparent;
			}
		}
	}
	void RoateR(Node* parent)
	{
		//更改链接关系
		Node* parentparent = parent->_parent;
		Node* subL = parent->_left;
		Node* subLR = subL->_right;
		parent->_left = subLR;
		if (subLR)
		{
			subLR->_parent = parent;
		}
		subL->_right = parent;
		parent->_parent = subL;
		if (parentparent == nullptr)
		{
			_root = subL;
			subL->_parent = nullptr;
		}
		else
		{
			if (parentparent->_left == parent)
			{
				parentparent->_left = subL;
				subL->_parent = parentparent;
			}
			else
			{
				parentparent->_right = subL;
				subL->_parent = parentparent;
			}
		}
	}
	Node* _root;
};

map封装源码

 

template<class K,class V>
	class map
	{
	public:
		struct MapKeyofT
		{
			const K& operator()(const pair<K, V>& kv)
			{
				return kv.first;
			}
		};
		typedef typename RBTree<K, pair<K, V>, MapKeyofT>::iterator iterator;
		typedef typename RBTree<K, pair<K, V>, MapKeyofT>::const_iterator const_iterator;
		typedef typename RBTree<K, pair<K, V>, MapKeyofT>::reverse_iterator reverse_iterator;
		typedef typename RBTree<K, pair<K, V>, MapKeyofT>::const_reverse_iterator const_reverse_iterator;
		reverse_iterator rbegin()
		{
			return reverse_iterator(end());
		}
		reverse_iterator rend()
		{
			return reverse_iterator(begin());
		}
		const_reverse_iterator rbegin()const
		{
			return const_reverse_iterator(end());
		}
		const_reverse_iterator rend()const
		{
			return const_reverse_iterator(begin());
		}
		iterator begin()
		{
			return _t.begin();
		}
		iterator end()
		{
			return _t.end();
		}
		const_iterator begin()const
		{
			return _t.begin();
		}
		const_iterator end()const
		{
			return _t.end();
		}
		pair<iterator,bool> insert(const pair<K,V> kv)
		{
			return _t.Insert(kv);
		}
		V& operator[](const K& key)
		{
			auto ret = _t.Insert(make_pair(key, V()));
			return ret.first->second;
		}
		iterator Find(const K& key)
		{
			return _t.Find(key);
		}
		const_iterator Find(const K& key)const
		{
			return _t.Find(key);
		}
	private:

		RBTree<K, pair<K,V>, MapKeyofT> _t;
	};

set封装源码

set的key值不能改变,所以使用const_iterator作为set的iterator 

template<class K>
	class set
	{
	public:
		struct SetKeyofT
		{
			const K& operator()(const K& k)
			{
				return k;
			}
		};
		typedef typename RBTree<K, K, SetKeyofT>::const_iterator iterator;
		typedef typename RBTree<K, K, SetKeyofT>::const_reverse_iterator reverse_iterator;
		reverse_iterator rbegin()const
		{
			return _t.rbegin();
			
		}
		reverse_iterator rend()const
		{
			return _t.rend();
		}
		iterator begin()const
		{
			return _t.begin();
		}
		iterator end()const
		{
			return _t.end();
		}
		pair<iterator, bool> Insert(const K& key)
		{
			auto ret= _t.Insert(key);
			return pair<iterator, bool>(iterator(ret.first._node), ret.second);
		}
		iterator Find(const K& key)const
		{
			return _t.Find(key);
			
		}
	private:
		RBTree<K, K, SetKeyofT> _t;
	};

 

 

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