计算机网络知识点期末复习 第四章-信道共享技术

第四章-信道共享技术

Networks:

point-to-point connections(点对点信道), multiaccess channels(广播信道)

共享信道：

1. 静态划分信道
2. Dynamic Channel Allocation: Controlled Access(受控接入) and Random Access(随机接入)

Controlled Access: centralized control(集中式控制) and decentralized control(分散式控制)

Centralized control: roll-call polling(轮叫轮询，只能接收host的信息，也只能向host发送信息) and 传递轮训（）

Random access: Pure Aloha(纯ALOHA), Slotted Aloha(时序ALOHA), CSMA, CSMA

Pure ALOHA:想发就发

Slotted ALOHA:

CSMA(Carrier Sense Multiple Access)载波监听多点接入：先听后发

非坚持CSMA(Nonpersistent CSMA), 坚持CSMA(Persistent CSMA)

CSMA/CD(Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection)载波监听多点接入/碰撞检测：先听后发，边发边听

Binary exponential backoff(二元指数后退算法)

Slot time=2T=2S/0.7C+2t

Lmin/R>=Slot time

Static Channel Allocation(静态数据划分):TDM(Time Division Multiplexing时分复用), FDM(Frequency Division Multiplexing频分复用), WDM(Wavelength Division Multiplexing波分复用), CDMA(Code Division Multiple Access码分复用)

:不同于数据链路层的frame

STDM(Static TDM)统计时分多路复用

DWDM(Dense Wavelength-Division)

CDMA: dot-product(内积),Chip sequence(码片序列)