【C++STL标准库】序列容器之array与vector

基本概念这了就不浪费时间解释了，这里给出array与vector的基本使用方式：

array固定数组：

#include <iostream>
#include <array>

template <typename T>
void print(T begin, T end);

int main() {
	std::array<int, 5> Obj = { 1,2,3,4,5 };
	std::cout << typeid(Obj.assign).name() << std::endl;
	//at：判断数组的当前下标是否有值,如果有值，则返回，返回类型：T
	Obj.at(1) = 12138;
	int c = Obj.at(2);
	std::cout << c << std::endl;
	std::cout << typeid(Obj.at(1)).name() << std::endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
		std::cout << Obj[i] << "\t";
	}
	std::cout << std::endl;
	std::cout << "----------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
	//front方法：返回当前数组中的第一个值，返回值类型：T
	int aa = Obj.front();
	std::cout << aa << std::endl;
	std::cout << typeid(Obj.front()).name() << std::endl;
	std::cout << "----------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
	//back方法：返回当前数组中的最后一个值，返回类型：T
	int a=Obj.back();
	std::cout << a << std::endl;
	std::cout << typeid(Obj.back()).name() << std::endl;
	std::cout << "----------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
	//size方法：返回当前数组的实际大小,返回类型：unsigned int
	int b = Obj.size();
	std::cout << typeid(Obj.size()).name() << std::endl;
	std::cout << b << std::endl;
	std::cout << "----------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
	//Array迭代器：
	print(Obj.begin(), Obj.end());
	std::array<int, 5>::iterator f = Obj.begin() + 2;
	std::cout << *f << std::endl;
	print(f, Obj.end());

	std::cout << typeid(Obj.begin()).name() << std::endl;
	int e = Obj.max_size();
	std::cout << e << std::endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
		std::cout << Obj[i] << "\t";
	}
	std::cout << std::endl;
	return 0;
}

template<typename T>
void print(T begin, T end)
{
	T i = begin;
	while (i != end) {
		std::cout << *(i++) << "\t";
	}
	std::cout << std::endl;
}

vector动态数组：

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

template <typename T>
void print(T begin, T end);

int main() {
	std::vector<int> Obj = { 1,2,3,4,5 };
	print(Obj.begin(), Obj.end());
	std::cout << "----------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
	//at方法，返回索引位置的值，返回值类型：T
	std::cout << typeid(Obj.at(6)).name() << std::endl;
	Obj.at(0) = 0;
	print(Obj.begin(), Obj.end());
	std::cout << "----------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
	//back方法，返回数组中最后一个值，返回值类型：T
	int a = Obj.back();
	std::cout << typeid(Obj.back()).name() << std::endl;
	std::cout << a << std::endl;
	std::cout << "----------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
	//front方法，返回数组中第一个值，返回值类型：T
	int b = Obj.front();
	std::cout << typeid(Obj.front()).name() << std::endl;
	std::cout << b << std::endl;
	std::cout << "----------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
	//size方法，返回数组的实际大小，返回值类型：unsigned int
	int c = Obj.size();
	std::cout << typeid(Obj.size()).name() << std::endl;
	std::cout << c << std::endl;
	std::cout << "----------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
	//capacity方法，返回一个整数，表示能够存储多少个元素，返回值类型：unsigned int
	int e = Obj.capacity();
	std::cout << typeid(Obj.capacity()).name() << std::endl;
	std::cout << e << std::endl;
	std::cout << "----------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
	//max_size方法，返回值为数组的最大大小，返回值类型：unsigned int
	int d = Obj.max_size();
	std::cout << typeid(Obj.max_size()).name() << std::endl;
	std::cout << d << std::endl;
	std::cout << "----------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
	//push_back方法：向数组的尾部压入一个值
	Obj.push_back(1);
	print(Obj.begin(), Obj.end());
	std::cout << "----------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
	//insert方法，向数组中指定位置添加值
	Obj.insert(Obj.begin() + 2, 666);
	print(Obj.begin(), Obj.end());
	std::cout << "----------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
	//pop_back方法，弹出数组尾部的值
	Obj.pop_back();
	//erase方法，删除指定位置的值
	Obj.erase(Obj.begin() + 3);
	print(Obj.begin(), Obj.end());
	std::cout << "----------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
	//data方法，返回当前数组存放的实际地址，可以当作普通数组来使用
	int* p = Obj.data();
	for (int i = 0; i < Obj.size(); i++) {
		std::cout << *(p++) << std::endl;
	}
	std::cout << "----------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
	//Vector动态数组的迭代
	print(Obj.begin(), Obj.end());
	return 0;
}

template<typename T>
void print(T begin, T end)
{
	T i = begin;
	for (i = begin; i != end; i++) {
		std::cout << *i << std::endl;
	}
}

如果发现文章中有错误，还请大家指出来，我会非常虚心地学习，我们一起进步！！！