第十二周python作业：Matplotlib 练习

Exercise 11.1: Plotting a function

    Plot the function f(x) = sin²(x - 2)e-^x2,over the interval [0, 2]. Add properaxis labels, a title, etc.

代码：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.set_title("$sin^2(x-2){e^{-x^2}}$")
ax.set_xlabel("x-axis")
ax.set_ylabel("y-axis")
x = np.linspace(0., 2.,100)
y = (np.sin(x - 2)**2)*(np.e**(-1 * (x**2)))
ax.plot(x, y,"r")
plt.show()

结果：

Exercise 11.2: Data 

    Create a data matrix X with 20 observations of 10 variables. Generate a vector b with parameters Then generate the response vector y = Xb+z where z is a vector with standard normally distributed variables. Now (by only using y and X), find an estimator for b, by solving b^{^} = argmin_b||Xb - y||₂ .

Plot the true parameters b and estimated parameters ˆb. See Figure 1 for an example plot. 

代码：

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.set_title("the true parameters b and estimated parameters ˆb")
ax.set_xlabel("index")
ax.set_ylabel("value")
X = np.random.rand(20,10)
z = np.random.randn(20)
z = z.transpose()
b = np.random.rand(10).transpose()
y = np.dot(X,b)+z
b_= np.linalg.lstsq(X,y,rcond=None)[0]
index = []
for i in range(0,10):
	index.append(i)
plt.scatter(index,b,c='r',marker="x",label="True coefficients")
plt.scatter(index,b_,c='b',marker="o",label = "Estimated coefficients")
plt.legend(loc='best')
plt.show()

结果：

Exercise 11.3: Histogram anddensity estimation

Generate a vector z of 10000 observations from your favorite exotic distribution. Then make a plot that shows a histogram of z (with 25 bins), along with an estimate for the density, using a Gaussian kernel density estimator (see scipy.stats). See Figure 2 for an example plot.

代码：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import seaborn as sns
import scipy.stats as sts

fig, ax = plt.subplots();
ax.set_title("vector z")
ax.set_xlabel("x-axis")
ax.set_ylabel("y-axis")
z= np.random.normal(size = 1000)
#kernal = sts.gaussian_kde(z)
sns.distplot(z, bins=25, kde=True)
plt.show()

结果：