View

1:Note: The Android framework is responsible for measuring, laying out and
 * drawing views. You should not call methods that perform these actions on
 * views yourself unless you are actually implementing a
 * {@link android.view.ViewGroup}.

2:To implement a custom view, you will usually begin by providing overrides for
 * some of the standard methods that the framework calls on all views. You do
 * not need to override all of these methods. In fact, you can start by just
 * overriding {@link #onDraw(android.graphics.Canvas)}.

3:<p>
 * The first pair is known as <em>measured width</em> and
 * <em>measured height</em>. These dimensions define how big a view wants to be
 * within its parent (see <a href="#Layout">Layout</a> for more details.) The
 * measured dimensions can be obtained by calling {@link #getMeasuredWidth()}
 * and {@link #getMeasuredHeight()}.
 * </p>

4:To measure its dimensions, a view takes into account its padding. The padding
 * is expressed in pixels for the left, top, right and bottom parts of the view.
 * Padding can be used to offset the content of the view by a specific amount of
 * pixels. For instance, a left padding of 2 will push the view's content by
 * 2 pixels to the right of the left edge. Padding can be set using the
 * {@link #setPadding(int, int, int, int)} or {@link #setPaddingRelative(int, int, int, int)}
 * method and queried by calling {@link #getPaddingLeft()}, {@link #getPaddingTop()},
 * {@link #getPaddingRight()}, {@link #getPaddingBottom()}, {@link #getPaddingStart()},
 * {@link #getPaddingEnd()}.

5:Layout is a two pass process: a measure pass and a layout pass. The measuring
 * pass is implemented in {@link #measure(int, int)} and is a top-down traversal
 * of the view tree. Each view pushes dimension specifications down the tree
 * during the recursion. At the end of the measure pass, every view has stored
 * its measurements. The second pass happens in
 * {@link #layout(int,int,int,int)} and is also top-down. During
 * this pass each parent is responsible for positioning all of its children
 * using the sizes computed in the measure pass.

6:When a view's measure() method returns, its {@link #getMeasuredWidth()} and
 * {@link #getMeasuredHeight()} values must be set, along with those for all of
 * that view's descendants. A view's measured width and measured height values
 * must respect the constraints imposed by the view's parents. This guarantees
 * that at the end of the measure pass, all parents accept all of their
 * children's measurements. A parent view may call measure() more than once on
 * its children. For example, the parent may measure each child once with
 * unspecified dimensions to find out how big they want to be, then call
 * measure() on them again with actual numbers if the sum of all the children's
 * unconstrained sizes is too big or too small.

7:The measure pass uses two classes to communicate dimensions. The
 * {@link MeasureSpec} class is used by views to tell their parents how they
 * want to be measured and positioned. The base LayoutParams class just
 * describes how big the view wants to be for both width and height. For each
 * dimension, it can specify one of:
 * <ul>
 * <li> an exact number
 * <li>MATCH_PARENT, which means the view wants to be as big as its parent
 * (minus padding)
 * <li> WRAP_CONTENT, which means that the view wants to be just big enough to
 * enclose its content (plus padding).
 * </ul>
 * There are subclasses of LayoutParams for different subclasses of ViewGroup.
 * For example, AbsoluteLayout has its own subclass of LayoutParams which adds
 * an X and Y value.

8:MeasureSpecs are used to push requirements down the tree from parent to
 * child. A MeasureSpec can be in one of three modes:
 * <ul>
 * <li>UNSPECIFIED: This is used by a parent to determine the desired dimension
 * of a child view. For example, a LinearLayout may call measure() on its child
 * with the height set to UNSPECIFIED and a width of EXACTLY 240 to find out how
 * tall the child view wants to be given a width of 240 pixels.
 * <li>EXACTLY: This is used by the parent to impose an exact size on the
 * child. The child must use this size, and guarantee that all of its
 * descendants will fit within this size.
 * <li>AT_MOST: This is used by the parent to impose a maximum size on the
 * child. The child must guarantee that it and all of its descendants will fit
 * within this size.

9:To initiate a layout, call {@link #requestLayout}. This method is typically
 * called by a view on itself when it believes that is can no longer fit within
 * its current bounds.
  view显示区域发生变化的时候，就需要调用requestLayout这个方法回调onLayout方法。

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