C# Aes加解密实现，为什么和工具加密结果不一致？？

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-12 17:41:53 发布

ylgd

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-12 17:41:53 发布

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文章标签： c# 密码学

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qqylgd/article/details/140341595

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实现一：RijndaelManaged 实现，不过好心情马上被破坏，vs提示已经被弃用

        /// <summary>
        /// Aes加密
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="str"></param>
        /// <param name="key"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string AesEncrypt(this string str, string key)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(str)) return null;
            Byte[] toEncryptArray = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(str);

            RijndaelManaged rm = new RijndaelManaged
            {
                Key = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(key),
                Mode = CipherMode.ECB,
                Padding = PaddingMode.PKCS7
            };

            ICryptoTransform cTransform = rm.CreateEncryptor();
            Byte[] resultArray = cTransform.TransformFinalBlock(toEncryptArray, 0, toEncryptArray.Length);
            return Convert.ToBase64String(resultArray);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// aes解密
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="str"></param>
        /// <param name="key"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string AesDecrypt(string str, string key)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(str)) return null;
            Byte[] toEncryptArray = Convert.FromBase64String(str);

            RijndaelManaged rm = new RijndaelManaged
            {
                Key = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(key),
                Mode = CipherMode.ECB,
                Padding = PaddingMode.PKCS7
            };

            ICryptoTransform cTransform = rm.CreateDecryptor();
            Byte[] resultArray = cTransform.TransformFinalBlock(toEncryptArray, 0, toEncryptArray.Length);

            return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(resultArray);
        }

实现二：使用推荐的Aes.Create()，网上找的代码，修改了下变成类扩展。

            string str = "abc123一二三";
            string key = "一二67890123456789012345678912";
            string iv = "zxb";

            string estr = str.Encrypt(key, iv);
            string dstr = estr.Decrypt(key, iv);

/// <summary>
/// 字符串转字节数组
/// </summary>
/// <param name="str"></param>
/// <param name="length"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static byte[] ToUTF8Bytes(this string str, int length)
{
    byte[] bytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(str);
    Array.Resize(ref bytes, length);
    return bytes;
}

/// <summary>
/// 字符串转字节数组
/// </summary>
/// <param name="str"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static byte[] ToUTF8Bytes(this string str)
{
    byte[] bytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(str);
    return bytes;
}

/// <summary>
/// 字节数组转字符串
/// </summary>
/// <param name="bytes"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string ToUTF8String(this byte[] bytes)
{
    string str = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bytes);
    return str;
}

/// <summary>
/// base64加密
/// </summary>
/// <param name="bytes"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string ToBase64String(this byte[] bytes)
{
    return Convert.ToBase64String(bytes);
}

/// <summary>
/// 加密-String转String 
/// key转为utf8字节数组后
/// </summary>
/// <param name="str"></param>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <param name="iv"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string Encrypt(this string str, string key, string iv)
{
    return str.ToUTF8Bytes().Encrypt(key, iv).ToBase64String();
}

/// <summary>
/// 加密-Bytes转Bytes
/// </summary>
/// <param name="bytes"></param>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <param name="iv"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static byte[] Encrypt(this byte[] bytes, string key, string iv)
{

    using (Aes aes = Aes.Create())
    {
        aes.Key = key.ToUTF8Bytes(32);
        aes.IV = iv.ToUTF8Bytes(16);
        aes.Mode = CipherMode.CBC;
        aes.Padding = PaddingMode.PKCS7;

        ICryptoTransform encryptor = aes.CreateEncryptor(aes.Key, aes.IV);
        byte[] encryptedBytes;

        using (MemoryStream msEncrypt = new MemoryStream())
        {
            using (CryptoStream csEncrypt = new CryptoStream(msEncrypt, encryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Write))
            {
                csEncrypt.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
            }
            encryptedBytes = msEncrypt.ToArray();
        }
        return encryptedBytes;
    }
}

public static byte[] ToBase64Bytes(this string str)
{
    return Convert.FromBase64String(str);
}

/// <summary>
/// 解密-String转String
/// </summary>
/// <param name="str"></param>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <param name="iv"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string Decrypt(this string str, string key, string iv)
{
   return str.ToBase64Bytes().Decrypt(key, iv).ToUTF8String();
}

/// <summary>
/// 解密-Bytes转Bytes
/// </summary>
/// <param name="bytes"></param>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <param name="iv"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static byte[] Decrypt(this byte[] bytes, string key, string iv)
{

    using (Aes aes = Aes.Create())
    {
        aes.Key = key.ToUTF8Bytes(32);
        aes.IV = iv.ToUTF8Bytes(16);
        aes.Mode = CipherMode.CBC;
        aes.Padding = PaddingMode.PKCS7;

        ICryptoTransform decryptor = aes.CreateDecryptor(aes.Key, aes.IV);

        using (MemoryStream msDecrypt = new MemoryStream(bytes))
        {
            using (CryptoStream csDecrypt = new CryptoStream(msDecrypt, decryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Read))
            {
                using (MemoryStream msOutput = new MemoryStream())
                {
                    csDecrypt.CopyTo(msOutput);
                    return msOutput.ToArray();
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

方法三：还是使用Aes.Create()，不过找到了更简单的写法

 /// <summary>
 /// 加密-Bytes转Bytes
 /// </summary>
 /// <param name="bytes"></param>
 /// <param name="key"></param>
 /// <param name="iv"></param>
 /// <returns></returns>
 public static byte[] Encrypt(this byte[] bytes, string key, string iv)
 {
     using Aes aes = Aes.Create();
     aes.Key = key.ToUTF8Bytes(32);
     var retbytes = aes.EncryptCbc(bytes, iv.ToUTF8Bytes(16));
     return retbytes;
   
 }

/// <summary>
/// 解密-Bytes转Bytes
/// </summary>
/// <param name="bytes"></param>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <param name="iv"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static byte[] Decrypt(this byte[] bytes, string key, string iv)
{
    using Aes aes = Aes.Create();
    aes.Key = key.ToUTF8Bytes(32);
    var retbytes = aes.DecryptCbc(bytes, iv.ToUTF8Bytes(16));
    return retbytes;

}

看一下运行结果：好像没问题，加密后，然后解密，得到明名是对的。

高兴的太早了吧：既然是加密吗，当然要和其他工具的结果对比一下了。

使用这个对比：验证过了，两个在线加密工具得到密文一致，可能是用的同一个库吧。

1、https://tool.lvtao.net/aes

2、AES在线加密工具 | AES解密 | AES在线加解密工具- 在线工具

然后同样的key和iv我们看结果：！！怎么加密后的结果完全不一样呢？？，同样的明文，key，iv，模式，填充，我能看到的参数都有一模一样了啊。为什么呢？？？？？

解惑：只能带着疑问去看看AES的原理了，发现key的话长度分为128位(比特)、192位和256位也就是分别为16,24,32个字节。向量IV长度只能是16个字节，再看C#实现代码，我们输入的key和iv都转base64字节后有对字节组resize到32和16。C#实现方式是，不够的字节补零，在线工具使用的crypthoj-s，能到使用的时候是把key转成base64给他内部怎么处理没看到。

这就说明了，key32不补位不一样，当然结果就是不一样了

验证：怎么验证呢，crypthoj-s没有源码，看了半天网页上js，也没看出来他是怎么处理key。后来想既然key是32位，iv是16位，那我按照这个字节数（UTF8），给你不就行了了。果然~~~~，我们看结果，加密结果是一致的~~