Bresenham直线算法的实现

    算法挺简单的，但是由于Donald Hearn和M. Pauline Baker的神作《计算机图形学》上只给了|m|<1时候的算法，我在这里把|m|>=1时候的算法也顺带实现了。直接上程序了。

#include <windows.h>
#include <math.h>

/*  Declare Windows procedure  */
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProcedure (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
void LineBresenham(HDC hdc, int x0, int y0, int xEnd, int yEnd);

/*  Make the class name into a global variable  */
char szClassName[ ] = "BresenhamDemo";

int WINAPI WinMain (HINSTANCE hThisInstance,
                     HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
                     LPSTR lpszArgument,
                     int nCmdShow)
{
    HWND hwnd;               /* This is the handle for our window */
    MSG messages;            /* Here messages to the application are saved */
    WNDCLASSEX wincl;        /* Data structure for the windowclass */

    /* The Window structure */
    wincl.hInstance = hThisInstance;
    wincl.lpszClassName = szClassName;
    wincl.lpfnWndProc = WindowProcedure;      /* This function is called by windows */
    wincl.style = CS_DBLCLKS;                 /* Catch double-clicks */
    wincl.cbSize = sizeof (WNDCLASSEX);

    /* Use default icon and mouse-pointer */
    wincl.hIcon = LoadIcon (NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
    wincl.hIconSm = LoadIcon (NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
    wincl.hCursor = LoadCursor (NULL, IDC_ARROW);
    wincl.lpszMenuName = NULL;                 /* No menu */
    wincl.cbClsExtra = 0;                      /* No extra bytes after the window class */
    wincl.cbWndExtra = 0;                      /* structure or the window instance */
    /* Use Windows's default colour as the background of the window */
    wincl.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH) GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH);

    /* Register the window class, and if it fails quit the program */
    if (!RegisterClassEx (&wincl))
        return 0;

    /* The class is registered, let's create the program*/
    hwnd = CreateWindowEx (
           0,                   /* Extended possibilites for variation */
           szClassName,         /* Classname */
           "BresenhamDemo",       /* Title Text */
           WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, /* default window */
           CW_USEDEFAULT,       /* Windows decides the position */
           CW_USEDEFAULT,       /* where the window ends up on the screen */
           544,                 /* The programs width */
           375,                 /* and height in pixels */
           HWND_DESKTOP,        /* The window is a child-window to desktop */
           NULL,                /* No menu */
           hThisInstance,       /* Program Instance handler */
           NULL                 /* No Window Creation data */
           );

    /* Make the window visible on the screen */
    ShowWindow (hwnd, nCmdShow);

    /* Run the message loop. It will run until GetMessage() returns 0 */
    while (GetMessage (&messages, NULL, 0, 0))
    {
        /* Translate virtual-key messages into character messages */
        TranslateMessage(&messages);
        /* Send message to WindowProcedure */
        DispatchMessage(&messages);
    }

    /* The program return-value is 0 - The value that PostQuitMessage() gave */
    return messages.wParam;
}


/*  This function is called by the Windows function DispatchMessage()  */

LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProcedure (HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
    static POINT ptBeg, ptEnd;
    HDC hdc;
    PAINTSTRUCT ps;

    switch (message)                  /* handle the messages */
    {
        case WM_LBUTTONDOWN:
            ptBeg.x = LOWORD (lParam);
            ptBeg.y = HIWORD (lParam);
            ptEnd = ptBeg;
            InvalidateRect (hwnd, NULL, TRUE);
            break;
        case WM_MOUSEMOVE:
            if (wParam & MK_LBUTTON)
            {
                hdc = GetDC (hwnd);
                SelectObject (hdc, GetStockObject(BLACK_PEN));
                SetROP2 (hdc, R2_NOTXORPEN);

                LineBresenham (hdc, ptBeg.x, ptBeg.y, ptEnd.x, ptEnd.y);

                ptEnd.x = LOWORD (lParam);
                ptEnd.y = HIWORD (lParam);

                LineBresenham (hdc, ptBeg.x, ptBeg.y, ptEnd.x, ptEnd.y);

                ReleaseDC (hwnd, hdc);
            }
            break;
        case WM_LBUTTONUP:
            InvalidateRect (hwnd, NULL, TRUE);
            break;
        case WM_PAINT:
            hdc=BeginPaint (hwnd, &ps);

            LineBresenham (hdc, ptBeg.x, ptBeg.y, ptEnd.x, ptEnd.y);

            EndPaint (hwnd, &ps);
            break;
        case WM_DESTROY:
            PostQuitMessage (0);       /* send a WM_QUIT to the message queue */
            break;
        default:                      /* for messages that we don't deal with */
            return DefWindowProc (hwnd, message, wParam, lParam);
    }

    return 0;
}


/*Bresenham算法, 0<|m|<1*/

void Bresenham1(HDC hdc, int x0, int y0, int xEnd, int yEnd)
{
    int delta=(xEnd-x0)*(yEnd-y0);
    int dx=fabs(xEnd-x0), dy=fabs(yEnd-y0);
    int p=2*dy-dx;
    int twoDy=2*dy, twoDyMinusDx=2*dy-2*dx;
    int x, y;
        if(x0>xEnd)
        {
            x=xEnd;
            y=yEnd;
            xEnd=x0;
        }
        else
        {
            x=x0;
            y=y0;
        }
        SetPixel(hdc, x, y, 0);
        while(x<xEnd)
        {
            x++;
            if(p<0)
            {
                p+=twoDy;
            }
            else
            {
                delta>0?(y++):(y--);
                p+=twoDyMinusDx;
            }
            SetPixel(hdc, x, y, 0);
        }
}


/* Bresenham算法，|m|>1*/

void Bresenham2(HDC hdc , int x0, int y0, int xEnd, int yEnd)
{
    int delta=(xEnd-x0)*(yEnd-y0);
    int dx=fabs(x0-xEnd), dy=fabs(y0-yEnd);
    int p=2*dx-dy;
    int twoDx=2*dx, twoDxMinusDy=2*dx-2*dy;
    int x, y;
    if(y0>yEnd)
        {
            y=yEnd;
            x=xEnd;
            yEnd=y0;
        }
        else
        {
            y=y0;
            x=x0;
        }
        SetPixel(hdc, x, y, 0);
        while(y<yEnd)
        {
            y++;
            if(p<0)
            {
                p+=twoDx;
            }
            else
            {
                delta>0?(x++):(x--);
                p+=twoDxMinusDy;
            }
            SetPixel(hdc, x, y, 0);
        }
}


/*Bresenham算法画直线*/

void LineBresenham(HDC hdc, int x0, int y0, int xEnd, int yEnd)
{
    int dx=fabs(xEnd-x0), dy=fabs(yEnd-y0);
    int x, y;
    if(x0==xEnd)
    {
        y=(y0>yEnd?yEnd:y0);
        SetPixel(hdc, x0, y, 0);
        while(y<yEnd)
        {
            y++;
            SetPixel(hdc, x0, y, 0);
        }
    }
    else if(y0==yEnd)
    {
        x=(x0>xEnd?xEnd:x0);
        SetPixel(hdc, x, y0, 0);
        while(x<xEnd)
        {
            x++;
            SetPixel(hdc, x, y0, 0);
        }
    }
    else if(dx>dy)
    {
        Bresenham1(hdc, x0, y0, xEnd, yEnd);
    }
    else if(dx<dy)
    {
        Bresenham2(hdc, x0, y0, xEnd, yEnd);
    }
    else
    {
        if(x0>xEnd)
            {
                x=xEnd;
                y=yEnd;
                xEnd=x0;
            }
            else
            {
                x=x0;
                y=y0;
            }
            SetPixel(hdc, x, y, 0);
            while(x<xEnd)
            {
                x++;
                if((xEnd-x0)==(yEnd-y0))
                {
                    SetPixel(hdc, x, ++y, 0);
                }
                else
                {
                    SetPixel(hdc, x, --y, 0);
                }
            }
    }
}

    程序是在codeblocks下用win32 api写的，大家只看算法部分就行了。画直线大的时候用到了“橡皮筋”效果，具体代码在WM_MOUSEMOVE消息的下面代码，精髓在于一个SetROP2函数的使用。