Hibernate关联映射之多对一/一对多双向关联映射

多对一和一对多双向关联映射是一回事

方法一：使用Annotation实现

（1）建立Depart类和Employee类

package com.model;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;

@Entity
public class Depart {
	private int id;
	private String name;
	private Set<Employee> employees = new HashSet<Employee>();
	@Id
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	@OneToMany(mappedBy="depart")
	public Set<Employee> getEmployees() {
		return employees;
	}
	public void setEmployees(Set<Employee> employees) {
		this.employees = employees;
	}
}

package com.model;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;

@Entity
public class Employee {
	private int id;
	private String name;
	private Depart depart;
	@Id
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	@ManyToOne
	public Depart getDepart() {
		return depart;
	}
	public void setDepart(Depart depart) {
		this.depart = depart;
	}
	
}

----------双向映射必设mappedBy----------

（2）设置Hibernate配置文件hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
	"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
	"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
	<session-factory>
		<!-- 连接的数据库驱动 -->
		<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
		<!-- 连接的数据库的url -->
		<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hibernate</property>
		<!-- 连接的数据库的用户名-->
		<property name="connection.username">root</property>
		<!-- 连接的数据库的密码 -->
		<property name="connection.password"></property>
		<!-- 配置Hibernate数据库方言 -->
		<property name="Dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
		<!-- 输出执行的SQL语句 -->
        <property name="show_sql">true</property>
        <property name="format_sql">true</property>
		<!-- 启动时撤销并重新创建数据库的模式-->
		<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">create</property>
		
		<property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property>
		<mapping class="com.model.Depart"/>
		<mapping class="com.model.Employee"/>
	</session-factory>	
</hibernate-configuration>

（3）建立测试类，此处使用Junit4进行测试，仅仅测试一对一映射如何建表即可。

package com.test;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistryBuilder;
import org.junit.Test;

public class ORMappingTest {

	@Test
	public void test() {
		Configuration cfg = new Configuration();
		cfg.configure();
		ServiceRegistry  sr = new ServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(cfg.getProperties()).buildServiceRegistry(); 
		SessionFactory  sf = cfg.buildSessionFactory(sr);
		Session s = sf.getCurrentSession();
		Transaction tx = s.beginTransaction();
		
		tx.commit();
		sf.close();
	}

}

（4）运行测试类，查看后台输出的建表SQL语句。

Hibernate: 
    create table Depart (
        id integer not null,
        name varchar(255),
        primary key (id)
    )
Hibernate: 
    create table Employee (
        id integer not null,
        name varchar(255),
        depart_id integer,
        primary key (id)
    )
Hibernate: 
    alter table Employee 
        add index FK4AFD4ACE7F7C470C (depart_id), 
        add constraint FK4AFD4ACE7F7C470C 
        foreign key (depart_id) 
        references Depart (id)

 

方法二：使用映射文件hbm.xml实现：

（1）建立Depart类和Employee类，在方法一的基础上去掉@注解即可。

（2）建立映射文件Depart.hbm.xml和Employee.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="com.model">
    <class name="Depart">
    		<id name="id">
    			<generator class="native"></generator>
    		</id>
            <property name="name" />  
            <set name="employees">
            	<key column="depart_id"></key>
            	<one-to-many class="Employee"/>
            </set> 
    </class>  
</hibernate-mapping>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="com.model">
    <class name="Employee">
    		<id name="id">
    			<generator class="native"></generator>
    		</id>
            <property name="name" />
			<many-to-one name="depart" column="depart_id"></many-to-one>
    </class>  
</hibernate-mapping>

---------特别注意的是这两个映射文件的column="depart_id"必须一致，否则表中则出现不同的外键字段-----------

（3）设置Hibernate配置文件hibernate.cfg.cml的映射文件

	<mapping resource="com/model/Depart.hbm.xml"/> 
	<mapping resource="com/model/Employee.hbm.xml"/> 	

（4）运行方法一的测试类，得到相同的测试结果。