在网上查看了很多关于springmvc防止表单重复提交的例子,将其中的3个整合在一起,才算是一个完整的例子。因项目中暂时还没有这么个需求,特备注下来,以防以后用到时还要大量的漫无目的的去寻找例子。
实现原理为SpringMvc拦截器+注解的方式实现防止重复提交
实现机制是使用token(随机码),简单说下:
(a)进入下单页,会生成一个token,同时存在两个地方:session(或redis也可以)和页面
(b)提交时,服务器接收到页面的token后,会和session中的token比较,相同则允许提交,同时删除session中的token;
(c)如果重复提交,则session中已经没有token(已被步骤b删除),那么校验不通过,则不会真正提交.
先创建一个注解:
package com.dinfo.interceptor;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface Token {
boolean save() default false;
boolean remove() default false;
}
拦截器接口:
package com.dinfo.interceptor;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.UUID;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.springframework.web.method.HandlerMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.HandlerInterceptorAdapter;
public class TokenInterceptor extends HandlerInterceptorAdapter {
private static final Logger LOG = Logger.getLogger(Token.class);
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
if (handler instanceof HandlerMethod) {
HandlerMethod handlerMethod = (HandlerMethod) handler;
Method method = handlerMethod.getMethod();
Token annotation = method.getAnnotation(Token.class);
if (annotation != null) {
boolean needSaveSession = annotation.save();
if (needSaveSession) {
request.getSession(true).setAttribute("token", UUID.randomUUID().toString());
}
boolean needRemoveSession = annotation.remove();
if (needRemoveSession) {
if (isRepeatSubmit(request)) {
LOG.warn("please don't repeat submit,url:"+ request.getServletPath());
return false;
}
request.getSession(true).removeAttribute("token");
}
}
return true;
} else {
return super.preHandle(request, response, handler);
}
}
private boolean isRepeatSubmit(HttpServletRequest request) {
String serverToken = (String) request.getSession(true).getAttribute("token");
if (serverToken == null) {
return true;
}
String clinetToken = request.getParameter("token");
if (clinetToken == null) {
return true;
}
if (!serverToken.equals(clinetToken)) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
}
配置文件如下:
<!-- 拦截器配置 -->
<mvc:interceptors>
<!-- 配置Token拦截器,防止用户重复提交数据 -->
<mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:mapping path="/**"/><!--这个地方时你要拦截得路径 我这个意思是拦截所有得URL-->
<bean class="com.dinfo.interceptor.TokenInterceptor"/><!--class文件路径改成你自己写得拦截器路径!! -->
</mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>
页面表单中需要添加如下:<input type="hidden" name="token" value="${token}" />
在需要生成token(通常是要点击提交得那个页面)得Controller中使用我们刚才自定义好得注解,贴代码:
@SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked", "finally", "rawtypes" })
@RequestMapping("/SaveDataController/show")
@Token(save=true)
public String saveData(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,String task_id){
Map map = new HashMap();
System.out.println(task_id);
try {
map = saveDataService.queryByTaskId(task_id);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
map.put("task_id", task_id);
map.put("savetype", "");
map.put("memoryCodes", "1");
map.put("tablename", "");
map.put("trowkey", "");
map.put("columns", "");
map.put("indextablename", "");
map.put("irowkey", "");
map.put("icolumns", "");
} finally {
request.setAttribute("map", map);
return "savedata/index";
}
}
只要通过这个方法跳向得页面都是随机生成一个token,然后再真正再提交触发得方法上加入@token(remove=true),贴代码:
@RequestMapping("/SaveDataController/saveData")
@ResponseBody
@Token(remove=true)
public void saveData(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,
String tablename,String trowkey,String columns,
String indextablename,String irowkey,String icolumns,
String task_id,String savetype,String memoryCodes){
System.out.println(task_id);
saveDataService.saveData(task_id,savetype,memoryCodes,tablename, trowkey, columns, indextablename, irowkey, icolumns);
}
上面的只能防止单页面的重复提交,如果同时打开两个页面同时进行提交,则第二次提交总是失败,需要进行再次扩展,具体方法如下:
但是--
如果打开两个标签页,则这两个页面分别有一个token,并且是不同的(理论上是不同的),但是session中只有一份,
其中一个提交后,就会删除session中的token,那么另外一个页面提交时session中的token已为空,那么一定校验不通过.
根本原因:
在同一时刻,session中只存了一份token,而页面上可能有多个token(有n个页签,就会有n个不同的token).
既然找到了根本原因,那么也就自然而然产生了解决方案.
思路:session中不能只存储一份token,而是支持存储多个token
具体技术方案:
(1)每次进入下单页都会产生一个新的token,这个token都进入两个数据流:
--(a)传到页面,key是repeattoken
前端页面引用方式:
- <input type="hidden" name="repeattoken" value="${Session.repeattoken!}" >
--(b)存储到session(现在是增量,不会把原来的token替换掉)
(2)存储到session中的key应该与页面的key区分开来,使用"tokenpool"
优化之后的过滤器:
- package com.chanjet.gov.filter;
- import com.chanjet.gov.util.StringUtil;
- import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
- import org.springframework.web.method.HandlerMethod;
- import org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.HandlerInterceptorAdapter;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
- import java.lang.reflect.Method;
- import java.util.UUID;
- /**
- * 防止下单页重复提交
- */
- public class RepeatTokenInterceptor extends HandlerInterceptorAdapter {
- /***
- * 用于前端页面接收服务器端的token
- */
- public static final String SESSION_KEY_REPEATTOKEN="repeattoken";
- /***
- * 用于session存储n个token
- */
- public static final String SESSION_KEY_REPEATTOKEN_POOL = "tokenpool";
- private static Logger log = Logger.getLogger(RepeatTokenInterceptor.class);
- private void addRepeatToken(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){
- HttpSession httpSession = request.getSession(true);
- String token = (String) httpSession.getAttribute(SESSION_KEY_REPEATTOKEN_POOL);
- System.out.println("addRepeatToken token:"+token);
- String createdToken = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
- httpSession.setAttribute(SESSION_KEY_REPEATTOKEN, createdToken);//给前端页面用的
- if(StringUtil.isNullOrEmpty(token)){
- httpSession.setAttribute(SESSION_KEY_REPEATTOKEN_POOL, createdToken);
- }else{
- httpSession.setAttribute(SESSION_KEY_REPEATTOKEN_POOL, createdToken + "###" + token);
- }
- }
- private void removeRepeatToken(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){
- HttpSession httpSession = request.getSession(true);
- String token = (String) httpSession.getAttribute(SESSION_KEY_REPEATTOKEN_POOL);
- System.out.println("removeRepeatToken token:"+token);
- if(!StringUtil.isNullOrEmpty(token)){
- String clientToken = (String) request.getParameter(SESSION_KEY_REPEATTOKEN);
- System.out.println("removeRepeatToken serverToken:"+clientToken);
- if (clientToken == null) {
- return;
- }
- token = token.replace(clientToken, "").replace("######", "###");
- System.out.println("token:"+token);
- httpSession.setAttribute(SESSION_KEY_REPEATTOKEN_POOL, token);
- }
- }
- @Override
- public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
- if (handler instanceof HandlerMethod) {
- HandlerMethod handlerMethod = (HandlerMethod) handler;
- Method method = handlerMethod.getMethod();
- RepeatSubmitToken annotation = method.getAnnotation(RepeatSubmitToken.class);
- if (annotation != null) {
- boolean needSaveSession = annotation.save();
- if (needSaveSession) {
- addRepeatToken(request,response);
- }
- boolean needRemoveSession = annotation.remove();
- if (needRemoveSession) {
- if (isRepeatSubmit(request)) {
- log.warn("please don't repeat submit,url:" + request.getServletPath());
- response.sendRedirect("/warn.html?code=repeatSubmitOrder&orgId="+request.getParameter("orgId"));
- return false;
- }
- removeRepeatToken(request,response);
- }
- }
- return true;
- } else {
- return super.preHandle(request, response, handler);
- }
- }
- private boolean isRepeatSubmit(HttpServletRequest request) {
- //从池子里面获取token
- String serverToken = (String) request.getSession(true).getAttribute(SESSION_KEY_REPEATTOKEN_POOL);
- if (serverToken == null||"###".equals(serverToken)) {
- return true;
- }
- String clinetToken = request.getParameter(SESSION_KEY_REPEATTOKEN);//请求要素
- if (StringUtil.isNullOrEmpty(clinetToken)) {
- return true;
- }
- System.out.println("clinetToken:"+clinetToken);
- if (!serverToken.contains(clinetToken)) {
- return true;
- }
- return false;
- }
- }