最近在学习慕课网的课程《java遇见HTML——JSP篇》,简单做些记录。
课程网址为:http://www.imooc.com/learn/166
一、 out 对象
(1)
(2) 实例代码
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*"
contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://"
+ request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()
+ path + "/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
<h1>JSP 内置对象</h1>
<%
out.println("<h2>唐诗</h2>");
out.println("窗前明月光<br>");
out.println("疑似地上霜<br>");
out.flush();
//out.clear(); // 这里会抛出异常
out.clearBuffer(); //这里不会抛出异常
out.println("举头望明月<br>");
out.println("低头思故乡<br>");
%>
缓冲区大小:<%=out.getBufferSize()%>byte <br>
缓冲区剩余大小: <%=out.getRemaining()%> byte <br>
是否自动清空缓冲区:<%=out.isAutoFlush()%> <br>
</body>
</html>
二、 get与post的区别
(1)
(2) 示例代码
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*"
contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://"
+ request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()
+ path + "/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'login.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
<h1>登录</h1>
<form action="dologin.jsp" name"loginForm" method="post">
<table>
<tr>
<td>用户名:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="username"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>密码:</td>
<td><input type="password" name="password"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><input type="submit" value="登录"></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
另外再新建一个dologin.jsp页面,不做任何操作,显示“登录成功”即可。
运行后发现,如果method的方法为get,则页面跳转后,所输入的用户名和密码会显示在地址栏中。
但是如果method是post则不会把用户名和密码显示出来,所以post方法更安全。
三、 request对象
代码: reg.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'reg.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
<h1>用户注册</h1>
<form action="request.jsp" method="post">
<table>
<tr>
<td>用户名:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="username"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>爱好:</td>
<td>
<input type="checkbox" name="favorite" value="read">读书
<input type="checkbox" name="favorite" value="music">音乐
<input type="checkbox" name="favorite" value="movie">电影
<input type="checkbox" name="favorite" value="sports">运动
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><input type="submit" value="提交"></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
<br>
<br>
<a href="request.jsp?username=李四">测试URL传参数</a>
</body>
</html>
request.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*"
contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://"
+ request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()
+ path + "/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'request.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
<h1>request对象</h1>
<%
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");//解决中文乱码问题。但无法解决通过URL传递的中文乱码问题
request.setAttribute("password", "123456");//人为创造这个属性,只是为了试下这个方法,没有其他目的
%>
用户名:<%=request.getParameter("username") %><br>
爱好: <%
if(request.getParameterValues("favorite") != null){
String[] favorite = request.getParameterValues("favorite");
for(int i=0; i<favorite.length; i++){
out.println(favorite[i]+" ");
}
}
%><br>
密码: <%=request.getAttribute("password") %><br>
请求体的MIME类型:<%= request.getContentType() %><br>
协议类型和版本号:<%= request.getProtocol() %><br>
服务器主机名:<%= request.getServerName() %><br>
服务器端口号:<%= request.getServerPort() %><br>
请求文件的长度: <%= request.getContentLength() %><br>
请求客户端的IP地址:<%= request.getRemoteAddr() %><br>
请求的真实路径: <%= request.getRealPath("request.jsp") %><br>
请求的上下文路径:<%= request.getContextPath() %> <br>
</body>
</html>
注意:如果通过URL传参的方式来传递中文参数,那么接收界面会出现乱码,如何解决这个问题?
找到Tomcat文件夹下的conf文件夹,打开server.xml
找到connector 那一段代码,加入 URIEncoding = "utf-8",就能解决URL传中文乱码的问题了。
四、 response对象
五、 重定向与转发的区别(笔试面试中常考)