使用ATLTRACE时发生Link错误

在自己的程序中封装类似trace的功能,一种比较简单的方式就是使用ATL提供的ATLTRACE宏。该宏定义在<atltrace.h>中。许多ATL工具类实现为inline方式(.h文件外,还带有一个同名的inl文件),这些类通常位于$VC目录/atlmfc/include目录下。不过该宏背后的类并非此方式,所以如果仅仅是包含该atltrace.h头文件,

将会出现如下link错误:

AtlTraceLinkError.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: static class ATL::CTrace ATL::CTrace::s_trace" (?s_trace@CTrace@ATL@@2V12@A)

AtlTraceLinkError.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "class ATL::CTraceCategory ATL::atlTraceGeneral" (?atlTraceGeneral@ATL@@3VCTraceCategory@1@A)

AtlTraceLinkError.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _AtlTraceVA referenced in function "public: void __cdecl ATL::CTrace::TraceV(char const *,int,unsigned long,unsigned int,char const *,char *)const " (?TraceV@CTrace@ATL@@QBAXPBDHKI0PAD@Z)

 

原因当然是找不到这些方法或成员的实现。因此,我们需要包含它们的实现,即:包含atlsd.libdebug)或者atls.lib。有两种方式:

一种通过Project配置,如下图:

另外一种方式为,在代码头加入如下编译命令:

#pragma comment(lib, "atlsd.lib")

所有的atls的实现源代码位于$VC目录/atlmfc/src/atl/atls下(.h文件仍然位于上述include目录下)。对于ATLTRACE宏,相应的实现位于atltrace.cpp中。这些类的实现被打包成上述lib库,注意不是dll,所以不存在所谓的atls.dll

另外,由于ATLTRACE只在Debug下起作用,所以对于release版本,不需要做上述设置,不会产生link错误。下面是atltrace.h中,release下的定义部分:

#else // !DEBUG

 

inline void _cdecl AtlTraceNull(...){}

inline void _cdecl AtlTrace(LPCSTR , ...){}

inline void _cdecl AtlTrace2(DWORD_PTR, UINT, LPCSTR , ...){}

inline void _cdecl AtlTrace(LPCWSTR , ...){}

inline void _cdecl AtlTrace2(DWORD_PTR, UINT, LPCWSTR , ...){}

#ifndef ATLTRACE

 

#define ATLTRACE            __noop

#define ATLTRACE2           __noop

#endif //ATLTRACE

#define ATLTRACENOTIMPL(funcname)   return E_NOTIMPL

#define DECLARE_NOUIASSERT()

 

#endif //!_DEBUG

 
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需要用来获得所需的功能在步骤涉及到 IObjectSafetyImpl 用作您的控件派生的类之一,和重写 GetInterfaceSafetyOptions 和 SetInterfaceSafetyOptions。 这使您实现所需的功能在这种情况下意味着将标记为可安全编写脚本和初始化该控件。 若要将 IObjectSafetyImpl 需要将其添加到您的控件派生的类的列表。 是例如多边形教程中您看到以下: class ATL_NO_VTABLE CPolyCtl : ... public IObjectSafetyImpl // ATL's version of // IObjectSafety { public: BEGIN_COM_MAP(CPolyCtl) ... COM_INTERFACE_ENTRY_IMPL(IObjectSafety) // Tie IObjectSafety // to this COM map END_COM_MAP() STDMETHOD(GetInterfaceSafetyOptions)(REFIID riid, DWORD *pdwSupportedOptions, DWORD *pdwEnabledOptions) { ATLTRACE(_T("CObjectSafetyImpl::GetInterfaceSafetyOptions\n")); if (!pdwSupportedOptions || !pdwEnabledOptions) return E_FAIL; LPUNKNOWN pUnk; if (_InternalQueryInterface (riid, (void**)&pUnk) == E_NOINTERFACE) { // Our object doesn't even support this interface. return E_NOINTERFACE; }else{ // Cleanup after ourselves. pUnk->Release(); pUnk = NULL; } if (riid == IID_IDispatch) { // IDispatch is an interface used for scripting. If your // control supports other IDispatch or Dual interfaces, you // may decide to add them here as well. Client wants to know // if object is safe for scripting. Only indicate safe for // scripting when the interface is safe. *pdwSupportedOptions = INTERFACESAFE_FOR_UNTRUSTED_CALLER; *pdwEnabledOptions = m_dwSafety & INTERFACESAFE_FOR_UNTRUSTED_CALLER; return S_OK; }else if ((riid == IID_IPersistStreamInit) || (riid == IID_IPersistStorage)) { // IID_IPersistStreamInit and IID_IPersistStorage are // interfaces used for Initialization. If your control // supports other Persistence interfaces, you may decide to // add them here as well. Client wants to know if object is // safe for initializing. Only indicate safe for initializing // when the interface is safe. *pdwSupportedOptions = INTERFACESAFE_FOR_UNTRUSTED_DATA; *pdwEnabledOptions = m_dwSafety & INTERFACESAFE_FOR_UNTRUSTED_DATA; return S_OK; }else{ // We are saying that no other interfaces in this control are // safe for initializing or scripting. *pdwSupportedOptions = 0; *pdwEnabledOptions = 0; return E_FAIL; } } STDMETHOD(SetInterfaceSafetyOptions)(REFIID riid, DWORD dwOptionSetMask, DWORD dwEnabledOptions) { ATLTRACE(_T("CObjectSafetyImpl::SetInterfaceSafetyOptions\n")); if (!dwOptionSetMask && !dwEnabledOptions) return E_FAIL; LPUNKNOWN pUnk; if (_InternalQueryInterface (riid, (void**)&pUnk) == E_NOINTERFACE) { // Our object doesn't even support this interface. return E_NOINTERFACE; }else{ // Cleanup after ourselves. pUnk->Release(); pUnk = NULL; } // Store our current safety level to return in // GetInterfaceSafetyOptions m_dwSafety |= dwEnabledOptions & dwOptionSetMask; if ((riid == IID_IDispatch) && (m_dwSafety & INTERFACESAFE_FOR_UNTRUSTED_CALLER)) { // Client wants us to disable any functionality that would // make the control unsafe for scripting. The same applies to // any other IDispatch or Dual interfaces your control may // support. Because our control is safe for scripting by // default we just return S_OK. return S_OK; }else if (((riid == IID_IPersistStreamInit) || (riid == IID_IPersistStorage)) && (m_dwSafety & INTERFACESAFE_FOR_UNTRUSTED_DATA)) { // Client wants us to make the control safe for initializing // from persistent data. For these interfaces, this control // is safe so we return S_OK. For Any interfaces that are not // safe, we would return E_FAIL. return S_OK; }else{ // This control doesn't allow Initialization or Scripting // from any other interfaces so return E_FAIL. return E_FAIL; } } ... } ATL 3.0 中, IObjectSafetyImpl 的实现已更改,使您现在可以作为模板参数提供安全选项。 例如,上述类的声明将显示为 class ATL_NO_VTABLE CPolyCtl : ... public IObjectSafetyImpl { public: BEGIN_COM_MAP(CPolyCtl) ... ,您将不必重写两个方法。 有关其他信息,单击下面,文章编号,以查看 Microsoft 知识库中相应: 192093 PRB: 编译器错误移植到 ATL 3.0 IObjectSafetyImpl

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