有限差分实现二阶导数的六阶近似

%  for i = 1:3
%      err(i) = log2(a(i)/a(i+1))
%  end
syms dx f0 f0_div1 f0_div2 f0_div3 f0_div4 f0_div5 f0_div6 f0_div7 f0_div8
fp1 = f0 + f0_div1*(dx)  + f0_div2*(dx)^2/factorial (2) + f0_div3*(dx)^3/factorial (3) + f0_div4*(dx)^4/factorial (4) + f0_div5*(dx)^5/factorial (5)...
   +f0_div6*(dx)^6/factorial(6)+f0_div7*(dx)^7/factorial(7) + f0_div8*(dx)^8/factorial(8);
fp2 = f0 + f0_div1*(2*dx)  + f0_div2*(2*dx)^2/factorial (2) + f0_div3*(2*dx)^3/factorial (3) + f0_div4*(2*dx)^4/factorial (4) + f0_div5*(2*dx)^5/factorial (5)...
   +f0_div6*(2*dx)^6/factorial(6)+f0_div7*(2*dx)^7/factorial(7) + f0_div8*(2*dx)^8/factorial(8);
fp3 = f0 + f0_div1*(3*dx)  + f0_div2*(3*dx)^2/factorial (2) + f0_div3*(3*dx)^3/factorial (3) + f0_div4*(3*dx)^4/factorial (4) + f0_div5*(3*dx)^5/factorial (5)...
   +f0_div6*(3*dx)^6/factorial(6)+f0_div7*(3*dx)^7/factorial(7) + f0_div8*(3*dx)^8/factorial(8);

fm1 = f0 - f0_div1*(dx)  + f0_div2*(dx)^2/factorial (2) - f0_div3*(dx)^3/factorial (3) + f0_div4*(dx)^4/factorial (4) - f0_div5*(dx)^5/factorial (5)...
   +f0_div6*(dx)^6/factorial(6)-f0_div7*(dx)^7/factorial(7) + f0_div8*(dx)^8/factorial(8);
fm2 = f0 - f0_div1*(2*dx)  + f0_div2*(2*dx)^2/factorial (2) - f0_div3*(2*dx)^3/factorial (3) + f0_div4*(2*dx)^4/factorial (4) - f0_div5*(2*dx)^5/factorial (5)...
   +f0_div6*(2*dx)^6/factorial(6)-f0_div7*(2*dx)^7/factorial(7) + f0_div8*(2*dx)^8/factorial(8);
fm3 = f0 - f0_div1*(3*dx)  + f0_div2*(3*dx)^2/factorial (2) - f0_div3*(3*dx)^3/factorial (3) + f0_div4*(3*dx)^4/factorial (4) - f0_div5*(3*dx)^5/factorial (5)...
   +f0_div6*(3*dx)^6/factorial(6)-f0_div7*(3*dx)^7/factorial(7) + f0_div8*(3*dx)^8/factorial(8);
(2*fm3 - 27*fm2 +270*fm1 - 490*f0 + 270*fp1 - 27*fp2 + 2*fp3)/180/dx^2

网上有很好用的计算系数的计算器：

Finite Difference Coefficients Calculator (finite-difference-coefficients.nl)