Linux----子进程的异步等待方式

一、关于进程等待

相关博客：

http://blog.csdn.net/rengui1228/article/details/73064852

二、基础知识

     1，进程的各种状态 

           Linux是一个多用户，多任务的系统，可以同时运行多个用户的多个程序，就必然会产生很多的进程，而每个进程会有不同的状态。 在下文将对进程的R、S、D、T、Z、X 六种状态做个说明。

PROCESS STATE CODES

Here are the different values that the s, stat and state output specifiers (header "STAT" or "S") will display to describe the state of a process.

D Uninterruptible sleep (usually IO)

R Running or runnable (on run queue)

S Interruptible sleep (waiting for an event to complete)

T Stopped, either by a job control signal or because it is being traced.

W paging (not valid since the 2.6.xx kernel)

X dead (should never be seen)

Z Defunct ("zombie") process, terminated but not

reaped by its parent.

For BSD formats and when the stat keyword is used,additional characters may be displayed:

< high-priority (not nice to other users)

N low-priority (nice to other users)

L has pages locked into memory (for real-time and custom IO)

s is a session leader

l is multi-threaded (using CLONE_THREAD, like NPTL pthreads do)

+ is in the foreground process group

R (task_running) : 可执行状态

S (task_interruptible): 可中断的睡眠状态

D (task_uninterruptible): 不可中断的睡眠状态

T(task_stopped or task_traced)：暂停状态或跟踪状态

Z (task_dead - exit_zombie)：退出状态，进程成为僵尸进程

X (task_dead - exit_dead)：退出状态，进程即将被销毁

        2.子进程的异步等待方式

           代码实现：

运行结果：