[图解]DDD领域驱动设计伪创新-聚合根04

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这个错觉

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根源之一

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可能是关系数据库

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我们拿刚才那个植物来说

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你看

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左上角是类图

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类图可能映射数据库里面，可能得到这样的数据库结构

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你看

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植物ID，ID，ID

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你看这里面

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植物的这个数据是分散在

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各个表里面的，对不对

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所以呢，你看，这个可不就是根吗

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这个不就是根吗

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对吧

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但这是什么

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这是数据库里面的

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存放的方式

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从对象的概念上

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它是一个整体

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不是说植物对象是个根

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不是，植物对象是一个整体

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它不是根

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刚才我们也讲了

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你把那个部件都扔掉了

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剩下就没有了

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剩下除了标识，什么都没有了

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对不对

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所以呢，有可能是关系数据库带来的一种错觉

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第二个错觉的根源，可能是来自我们

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人类社会的观察

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在人类社会中

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比如说，我们

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我们是作为一个人

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对不对

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所以呢，我们看到的

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各种东西

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它是以人的角度来看的

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比如说

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我们经常有一个

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组织上的一个视角

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大家可能

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看过我《软件方法》这个书

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我们说，要有组织视角

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什么组织视角

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比如说

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某某企业

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找某某税务局

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干嘛

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办税

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或者说

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项目部，就像这个，项目部

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找财务部

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这是两个部门

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对吧

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每个部门各有各自责任

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项目部

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要求财务部结算

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临时工的工资

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这是两个组织之间的

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协作

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项目部要求财务部结算工资

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但是的话

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我们作为人去观察

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实际上并没有办法观察到

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有一个巨人叫项目部

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他向财务部喊一声

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哎

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财务部，你给我结算工资，没有的

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我们会观察到什么样子

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项目部里面有个人

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有个生命体

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比如说，项目部的经理

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他向另外一个生命体

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财务部经理

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发出请求，哎

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那个

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张经理，给我们结算

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我们部门的临时工的工资

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对不对

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这个时候，你看

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我们就会有什么

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聚合根的错觉

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这个项目部经理就是这个

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项目部的聚合根

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财务部经理就是财务部的聚合根

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因为我们的社会是人类社会

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公司

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还有政府机构等等

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是没有什么

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它是没有生命的

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它是由人组成的，对吧

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但是

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面向对象的世界里面

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对象是有生命的

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如果说，有一个部门对象

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那边也有一个部门对象

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两个互相发消息就可以了

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不需要人

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不需要说，有一个经理这样

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因为

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里面的对象

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我们就假设它是有生命的

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并不需要人

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实际上怎么样

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我们目前绝大多数的系统

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所描述的对象

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在现实世界中

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绝大多数是没有生命的

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比如说，订单、设备

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车辆、房间，等等

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有生命的

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像人、动物、植物

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这种是非常少的

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因为我们的软件系统

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描述的是什么

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人类的大脑

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对这个宇宙的万事万物的认识

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把人类的大脑对宇宙的万事万物认识

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把它封装到我们的软件里面

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当然，封装完了

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就可以

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用来取代

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这个人的思考了

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那你想想，我们人

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这个领域

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人的生命体或者生命

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这个领域

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在整个宇宙万事万物里

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占多少比例

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对不对

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占不了多少的

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而且我们目前的绝大多数的系统

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还管不到这么深

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因为我们对人体的认识

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对生命的认识

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并没有那么深

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肯定没有对地球的认识

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对

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宇宙，太阳什么的认识深

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对不对

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你没有认识，你封装什么呀

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对吧

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所以这是第二点

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这是我猜测的

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为什么会有这样的错觉

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这是我们说的聚合根的

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最大的问题

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根本就不存在的

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对不对

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那其他问题

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我们下次再说了

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包括里面的

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他用葡萄做隐喻

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实际上这个是错的

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背后可能有知识误区

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还有，他用了一个词，相关联的对象

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这个用词也是有问题的

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背后也可能有知识误区

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第三点

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聚合

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或者说要建立整体-部分的关系

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我们要从逻辑的角度来思考

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而不是说从持久化

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从性能角度思考

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那就是思维颠倒了

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对不对

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我们上次说到思维颠倒

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有个视频说过了

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现在很多人就这样干

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我决定把A和B

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当成

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聚合

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当成整体-部分的关系

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为什么呀

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因为我决定在持久化的时候

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我们以它们作为一个单元

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这不是思维颠倒吗

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对不对

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那不就是我们之前说的那个

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A跟B是泛化关系

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为什么

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因为我代码都写好了

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你看，代码都写好了

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A扩展B，A继承B嘛

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所以它不是泛化关系嘛

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那不就是什么

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你拍脑袋

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先把代码写好了

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然后再从代码来

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反证这个逻辑，不对的

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那这个我们后面

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再说

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那感兴趣，想事先了解的同学

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可以下载这个电子书

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里面我都有写了