创建dshow应用程序一般有三个步骤：
1.创建一个Filter Graph Manager组件。
IGraphBuilder * pGraph = NULL;
HRESULT hr = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_FilterGraph, NULL,
CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, IID_IGraphBuilder, (void**)&pGraph);,
2.根据实际的应用，创建一个filter链,比如播放一个本地文件，最简单快速的代码如下：
hr = pGraph->RenderFile(L"path", NULL);
3.调用Filter Graph Manager上的各个接口进行控制，并且完成Filter Graph Manager与应用程序的交互，比如调用IMediaControl接口方法控制Filter Graph的状态转换。
IMediaControl *pControl = NULL;
hr = pGraph->QueryInterface(IID_IMediaControl, (void**)pControl);
hr = pControl->Run();
通用的Filter Graph构建技术：
1.加入一个指定CLSID的Filter
给定了一个Filter的CLSID，就可以调用CoCreateInstance来创建它。并使用IFilterGraph::AddFilter接口将其加入到Filter Graph中。
代码如下：
HRESULT AddFilterByCLSID(
IGraphBuilder *pGraph, // Pointer to the Filter Graph Manager.
const GUID& clsid, // CLSID of the filter to create.
LPCWSTR wszName, // A name for the filter.
IBaseFilter **ppF) // Receives a pointer to the filter.
{
if (!pGraph || ! ppF) return E_POINTER;
*ppF = 0;
IBaseFilter *pF = 0;
HRESULT hr = CoCreateInstance(clsid, 0, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
IID_IBaseFilter, reinterpret_cast<void**>(&pF));
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
hr = pGraph->AddFilter(pF, wszName);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
*ppF = pF;
else
pF->Release();
}
return hr;
}
要在Filter Graph中加入一个AVI Mux Filter
IBaseFilter *pMux;
hr = AddFilterByCLSID(pGraph, CLSID_AviDest, L"AVI Mux", &pMux);
if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
/*...*/
pMux->Release();
}
2.得到Filter上的未连接的Pin
当在程序中连接filter的时候，首先要取得filter上未连接的Pin或者输出Pin。方法是，枚举Filter上的所有的Pin，调用IPin::QueryDirection查询Pin的方向。然后调用IPin::ConnectedTo查看Pin的连接状态。
HRESULT GetUnconnectedPin(
IBaseFilter *pFilter, // Pointer to the filter.
PIN_DIRECTION PinDir, // Direction of the pin to find.
IPin **ppPin) // Receives a pointer to the pin.
{
*ppPin = 0;
IEnumPins *pEnum = 0;
IPin *pPin = 0;
HRESULT hr = pFilter->EnumPins(&pEnum);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
return hr;
}
while (pEnum->Next(1, &pPin, NULL) == S_OK)
{
PIN_DIRECTION ThisPinDir;
pPin->QueryDirection(&ThisPinDir);
if (ThisPinDir == PinDir)
{
IPin *pTmp = 0;
hr = pPin->ConnectedTo(&pTmp);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr)) // Already connected, not the pin we want.
{
pTmp->Release();
}
else // Unconnected, this is the pin we want.
{
pEnum->Release();
*ppPin = pPin;
return S_OK;
}
}
pPin->Release();
}
pEnum->Release();
// Did not find a matching pin.
return E_FAIL;
}比如现在要得到一个未连接的输出Pin
IPin *pOut = NULL;
HRESULT hr = GetUnConnectedPin(pFilter, PINDIR_OUTPUT, &pOut);
if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
/*...*/
pOut->Release();
}
3.连接两个Filter
Filter Graph中连接两个Filter的函数有IFilterGraph::ConnectDirect和IFilterGraph::Connect
HRESULT ConnectFilters(
IGraphBuilder *pGraph, // Filter Graph Manager.
IPin *pOut, // Output pin on the upstream filter.
IBaseFilter *pDest) // Downstream filter.
{
if ((pGraph == NULL) || (pOut == NULL) || (pDest == NULL))
{
return E_POINTER;
}
#ifdef debug
PIN_DIRECTION PinDir;
pOut->QueryDirection(&PinDir);
_ASSERTE(PinDir == PINDIR_OUTPUT);
#endif
// Find an input pin on the downstream filter.
IPin *pIn = 0;
HRESULT hr = GetUnconnectedPin(pDest, PINDIR_INPUT, &pIn);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
return hr;
}
// Try to connect them.
hr = pGraph->Connect(pOut, pIn);
pIn->Release();
return hr;
}不同参数的ConnectFilters 的函数重载形式:
HRESULT ConnectFilters(
IGraphBuilder *pGraph,
IBaseFilter *pSrc,
IBaseFilter *pDest)
{
if ((pGraph == NULL) || (pSrc == NULL) || (pDest == NULL))
{
return E_POINTER;
}
// Find an output pin on the first filter.
IPin *pOut = 0;
HRESULT hr = GetUnconnectedPin(pSrc, PINDIR_OUTPUT, &pOut);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
return hr;
}
hr = ConnectFilters(pGraph, pOut, pDest);
pOut->Release();
return hr;
}IBaseFilter *pMux, *pWrite;
hr = AddFilterByCLSID(pGraph, CLSID_AviDest, L"AVI Mux", &pMux);
if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
hr = AddFilterByCLSID(pGraph, CLSID_FileWriter, L"File Writer", &pWrite);
if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
hr = ConnectFilters(pGraph, pMux, pWrite);
pWrite->Release();
}
pMux->Release();
}
4.查找Filter和Pin上的接口
我们需要枚举Graph中的所有的Filter，或者枚举Filter上所有的Pin，一个一个的找接口。
//查找Filter上实现的某个接口
HRESULT FindFilterInterface(
IGraphBuilder *pGraph, // Pointer to the Filter Graph Manager.
REFGUID iid, // IID of the interface to retrieve.
void **ppUnk) // Receives the interface pointer.
{
if (!pGraph || !ppUnk) return E_POINTER;
HRESULT hr = E_FAIL;
IEnumFilters *pEnum = NULL;
IBaseFilter *pF = NULL;
if (FAILED(pGraph->EnumFilters(&pEnum)))
{
return E_FAIL;
}
// Query every filter for the interface.
while (S_OK == pEnum->Next(1, &pF, 0))
{
hr = pF->QueryInterface(iid, ppUnk);
pF->Release();
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
break;
}
}
pEnum->Release();
return hr;
}//查找给定filter的Pin上实现的某个接口
HRESULT FindPinInterface(
IBaseFilter *pFilter, // Pointer to the filter to search.
REFGUID iid, // IID of the interface.
void **ppUnk) // Receives the interface pointer.
{
if (!pFilter || !ppUnk) return E_POINTER;
HRESULT hr = E_FAIL;
IEnumPins *pEnum = 0;
if (FAILED(pFilter->EnumPins(&pEnum)))
{
return E_FAIL;
}
// Query every pin for the interface.
IPin *pPin = 0;
while (S_OK == pEnum->Next(1, &pPin, 0))
{
hr = pPin->QueryInterface(iid, ppUnk);
pPin->Release();
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
break;
}
}
pEnum->Release();
return hr;
}
HRESULT FindInterfaceAnywhere(
IGraphBuilder *pGraph,
REFGUID iid,
void **ppUnk)
{
if (!pGraph || !ppUnk) return E_POINTER;
HRESULT hr = E_FAIL;
IEnumFilters *pEnum = 0;
if (FAILED(pGraph->EnumFilters(&pEnum)))
{
return E_FAIL;
}
// Loop through every filter in the graph.
IBaseFilter *pF = 0;
while (S_OK == pEnum->Next(1, &pF, 0))
{
hr = pF->QueryInterface(iid, ppUnk);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
// The filter does not expose the interface, but maybe
// one of its pins does.
hr = FindPinInterface(pF, iid, ppUnk);
}
pF->Release();
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
break;
}
}
pEnum->Release();
return hr;
}比如现在通过IGraphBuilder::RenderFile函数，构建了一条内含DV格式数据的AVI文件的回放链路。我们想要得到其中DV视频解码Filter上的IIPDVDec接口，以设置DV解码输出的图像大小为原始图像的四分之一，代码如下：
hr = pGraph->RenderFile(L"C:\\example.avi", 0);
if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
IIPDVDec* pDvDec;
hr = FindFilterInterface(pGraph, IID_IIPDVDec, (void**)&pDvDec);
if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
........
}
}
5.遍历Filter链路
给定一个Filter链路上的某个Filter，我们可以向上或者向下得到所有的其他的Filter。
HRESULT GetNextFilter(
IBaseFilter *pFilter, // Pointer to the starting filter
PIN_DIRECTION Dir, // Direction to search (upstream or downstream)
IBaseFilter **ppNext) // Receives a pointer to the next filter.
{
if (!pFilter || !ppNext) return E_POINTER;
IEnumPins *pEnum = 0;
IPin *pPin = 0;
HRESULT hr = pFilter->EnumPins(&pEnum);
if (FAILED(hr)) return hr;
while (S_OK == pEnum->Next(1, &pPin, 0))
{
// See if this pin matches the specified direction.
PIN_DIRECTION ThisPinDir;
hr = pPin->QueryDirection(&ThisPinDir);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
// Something strange happened.
hr = E_UNEXPECTED;
pPin->Release();
break;
}
if (ThisPinDir == Dir)
{
// Check if the pin is connected to another pin.
IPin *pPinNext = 0;
hr = pPin->ConnectedTo(&pPinNext);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
// Get the filter that owns that pin.
PIN_INFO PinInfo;
hr = pPinNext->QueryPinInfo(&PinInfo);
pPinNext->Release();
pPin->Release();
pEnum->Release();
if (FAILED(hr) || (PinInfo.pFilter == NULL))
{
// Something strange happened.
return E_UNEXPECTED;
}
// This is the filter we're looking for.
*ppNext = PinInfo.pFilter; // Client must release.
return S_OK;
}
}
pPin->Release();
}
pEnum->Release();
// Did not find a matching filter.
return E_FAIL;
}
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