Problem 2
Even Fibonacci numbers
Each new term in the Fibonacci sequence is generated by adding the previous two terms. By starting with 1 and 2, the first 10 terms will be:
By considering the terms in the Fibonacci sequence whose values do not exceed four million, find the sum of the even-valued terms.
偶斐波那契数
斐波那契数列中的每一项都是前两项的和。由1和2开始生成的斐波那契数列前10项为:
考虑该斐波那契数列中不超过四百万的项,求其中为偶数的项之和。
题目解答
朴素解法:暴力枚举(遍历所有斐波那契额数,判断到偶数时加到计数器中即可)
优化算法:我们先将所有斐波那契额数列出
1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, …
我们发现每个偶数之前的下标距离是相同的,斐波那契额数列递归式如下:
既然一个数字与前两个数字相关,前两个数字又和各自的前两个数字相关,那么我们可以推断出一个数字一定和之前出现过的数字相关,我们可以推导出以下等式:
题目代码
#include <stdio.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#define N 4e6
int32_t main() {
int32_t num[3] = {0};
num[0] = 2;
num[1] = 8;
int64_t sum = 10;
for (int i = 2; ; i++){
num[i % 3] = num[(i + 1) % 3] + 4 * num[(i+2) % 3];
if(num[i % 3] > N)
break;
sum += num[i % 3];
}
printf("%" PRId64 "\n", sum);
return 0;
}