Effectiv STL 37 Use accumulate or for_each to summarize ranges

<numeric>
accumulate, inner_product, adjacent_difference, and partial_sum

string::size_type 
stringLengthSum(string::size_type sumSoFar, const string& s) {
    return sumSoFar + s.size();
}

set<string> ss;
string::size_type lengthSum = 
    accumuolate(ss.begin(), ss.end(), static_cast<string::size_type>(0), 
                stringLengthSum);

Calculate the product of a range of numbers

vector<float> vf;
...
float product = accumulate(vf.begin(), vf.end(), 1.0f, multiplies<float>());

point average(其实没看懂书上讲的side effect)

struct Point {
    Point(double initX, double initY): x(initX), y(initY) { }
    double x, y;
};

list<Point> lp;
...
class PointAverage:
    public binary_function<Point, Point, Point> {
public:
    PointAverage():numPoint(0), xSum(0), ySum(0) { }
    const Point operator()(const Point& avgSoFar, const Point& p) {
        ++ numPoints;
        xSum += p.x;
        ySum += p.y;
        return Point(xSum / numPoints, ySum / numPoints);
    }
private:
    size_t numPoints;
    double xSum;
    double ySum;
};

Point avg = 
    accumulate(lp.begin(), lp.end(), Point(0, 0), PointAverage());

class PointAverage:
    public unary_function<Point, void> {
public:
    PointAverage():numPoint(0), xSum(0), ySum(0) {}
    void operator()(const Pint& p) {
        ++ numPoints;
        xSum += p.x;
        ySum += p.y;
    }
    Point result() const {
        return Point(xSum / numPoints, ySum / numPoints);
    }
private:
    size_t numPoints;
    double xSum;
    double ySum;
};
list<Point> lp;
...
Point avg = for_each(lp.each(lp.begin(), lp.end(), PointAverage()).result();

accumulate returns the summary ;
for_each returns a function object;