hibernate缓存

一级缓存：

Hibernate一级缓存是强制的，它是 Session级缓存。如果会话关闭，所有缓存的对象都将丢失。

二级缓存配置步骤：

1.在指定hibernate.cfg.xml配置文件中配置缓存提供程序（这里选择EHCache作为第二级缓存提供程序）：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration SYSTEM 
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
   <session-factory>
   <property name="hibernate.dialect">
      org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
   </property>
   <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">
      com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
   </property>

   <!-- Assume students is the database name -->
   <property name="hibernate.connection.url">
      jdbc:mysql://localhost/test
   </property>
   <property name="hibernate.connection.username">
      root
   </property>
   <property name="hibernate.connection.password">
      root123
   </property>
   <property name="hibernate.cache.provider_class">
      org.hibernate.cache.EhCacheProvider
   </property>

   <!-- List of XML mapping files -->
   <mapping resource="Employee.hbm.xml"/>

</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

注：有4种缓存提供程序，兼容矩阵如下：

Strategy/Provider	Read-only	Nonstrictread-write	Read-write	Transactional
EHCache	X	X	X
OSCache	X	X	X
SwarmCache	X	X
JBoss Cache	X			X

2.指定缓存设置属性（ EHCache都有自己的配置文件ehcache.xml ）：

<diskStore path="java.io.tmpdir"/>
<defaultCache
maxElementsInMemory="1000"
eternal="false"
timeToIdleSeconds="120"
timeToLiveSeconds="120"
overflowToDisk="true"
/>

<cache name="Employee"
maxElementsInMemory="500"
eternal="true"
timeToIdleSeconds="0"
timeToLiveSeconds="0"
overflowToDisk="false"
/>

3.应用二级缓存（4种并发策略： Transactional、Read-write、Nonstrict-read-write、Read-only）：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
 "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD//EN"
 "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> 

<hibernate-mapping>
   <class name="Employee" table="EMPLOYEE">
      <meta attribute="class-description">
         This class contains the employee detail. 
      </meta>
      <cache usage="read-write"/>
      <id name="id" type="int" column="id">
         <generator class="native"/>
      </id>
      <property name="firstName" column="first_name" type="string"/>
      <property name="lastName" column="last_name" type="string"/>
      <property name="salary" column="salary" type="int"/>
   </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

查询级别缓存：

必须先使用 hibernate.cache.use_query_cache="true"属性在配置文件中激活它。

Session session = SessionFactory.openSession();
Query query = session.createQuery("FROM EMPLOYEE");
query.setCacheable(true);
List users = query.list();
SessionFactory.closeSession();

Hibernate支持缓存区域的概念。缓存区是给定的一个缓存名称，Hibernate可以通过该名称查找相应缓存。

Session session = SessionFactory.openSession();
Query query = session.createQuery("FROM EMPLOYEE");
query.setCacheable(true);
query.setCacheRegion("employee");
List users = query.list();
SessionFactory.closeSession();