文章目录
部署Prometheus+Grafana监控Docker
(1)实验环境
两台主机都需要桥接网卡!
系统 | 主机名 | ip | 安装软件 | 扮演角色 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Centos7.4 | Prometheus | 192.168.100.210 | prometheus+Grafana+exporter+cAdvisor+influxdb+docker | 监控端 |
Centos7.4 | Docker | 192.168.100.208 | exporter+docker+cAdvisor | 被监控端 |
(2)实验步骤
1、先做基础配置
#监控端配置
[root@Centos7 ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname prometheus
[root@Centos7 ~]# su
[root@prometheus ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@prometheus ~]# setenforce 0
setenforce: SELinux is disabled
[root@prometheus ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/
[root@prometheus ~]# yum -y install ntpdate
[root@prometheus ~]# ntpdate ntp1.aliyun.com
5 Aug 09:58:03 ntpdate[1142]: step time server 120.25.115.20 offset -28802.931261 sec
#被监控端配置
[root@Centos7 ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname docker
[root@Centos7 ~]# su
[root@docker ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@docker ~]# setenforce 0
setenforce: SELinux is disabled
[root@docker ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/
[root@docker ~]# yum -y install ntpdate
[root@docker ~]# ntpdate ntp1.aliyun.com
5 Aug 09:58:23 ntpdate[1527]: step time server 120.25.115.20 offset -28801.336708 sec
2、在监控端安装服务
安装prometheus+Grafana+exporter+cAdvisor+influxdb
#以下操作全部都在监控端执行
#上传软件包
[root@prometheus ~]# ll
总用量 58216
-rw-------. 1 root root 1264 1月 12 2021 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 59608515 8月 5 09:59 prometheus-2.16.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@prometheus ~]# tar xf prometheus-2.16.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@prometheus ~]# mv prometheus-2.16.0.linux-amd64 /usr/local/prometheus
[root@prometheus ~]# cd /usr/local/prometheus/
#Promtheus作为一个时间序列数据库,其采集的数据会以文件的形似存储在本地中,默认的存储路径为data/,因此我们需要先手动创建该目录:
[root@prometheus prometheus]# mkdir data
[root@prometheus prometheus]# ll
总用量 140984
drwxr-xr-x 2 3434 3434 38 2月 14 2020 console_libraries
drwxr-xr-x 2 3434 3434 173 2月 14 2020 consoles
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 51 8月 5 10:00 data
-rw-r--r-- 1 3434 3434 11357 2月 14 2020 LICENSE
-rw-r--r-- 1 3434 3434 3184 2月 14 2020 NOTICE
-rwxr-xr-x 1 3434 3434 82329106 2月 14 2020 prometheus
-rw-r--r-- 1 3434 3434 926 2月 14 2020 prometheus.yml
-rwxr-xr-x 1 3434 3434 48417809 2月 14 2020 promtool
-rwxr-xr-x 1 3434 3434 13595766 2月 14 2020 tsdb
[root@prometheus prometheus]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin prometheus
[root@prometheus prometheus]# chown -R prometheus:prometheus /usr/local/prometheus/
[root@prometheus prometheus]# cd /usr/lib/systemd/system
[root@prometheus system]# vim prometheus.service
[Unit]
Description=prometheus
After=network.target
[Service]
User=prometheus
Group=prometheus
WorkingDirectory=/usr/local/prometheus
ExecStart=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
#保存退出
[root@prometheus system]# systemctl start prometheus #启动
[root@prometheus system]# netstat -napt | grep 9090 #查看监听端口
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:56274 127.0.0.1:9090 ESTABLISHED 1316/prometheus
tcp6 0 0 :::9090 :::* LISTEN 1316/prometheus
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:9090 127.0.0.1:56274 ESTABLISHED 1316/prometheus
使用浏览器进行访问http://192.168.100.210:9090
#安装influxdb数据库
#上传软件包进行安装
[root@prometheus system]# cd
[root@prometheus ~]# ll
总用量 108032
-rw-------. 1 root root 1264 1月 12 2021 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 51010897 8月 5 10:08 influxdb-1.7.8.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 59608515 8月 5 09:59 prometheus-2.16.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@prometheus ~]# yum -y install influxdb-1.7.8.x86_64.rpm
[root@prometheus ~]# cp /etc/influxdb/influxdb.conf /etc/influxdb/influxdb.conf.default
[root@prometheus ~]# systemctl start influxdb
[root@prometheus ~]# systemctl enable influxdb
[root@prometheus ~]# influx #进入数据库
Connected to http://localhost:8086 version 1.7.8
InfluxDB shell version: 1.7.8
> show databases;
name: databases
name
----
_internal
> create database prometheus ; #创建prometheus库
> show databases; #确认已经创建
name: databases
name
----
_internal
prometheus
> exit
#配置普罗米修斯集成influxdb数据库
[root@prometheus ~]# cd /usr/local/prometheus/
[root@prometheus prometheus]# cp prometheus.yml prometheus.yml.defalut
[root@prometheus prometheus]# vim prometheus.yml #末尾直接添加
remote_write:
- url: "http://localhost:8086/api/v1/prom/write?db=prometheus"
remote_read:
- url: "http://localhost:8086/api/v1/prom/read?db=prometheus"
#保存退出
[root@prometheus prometheus]# systemctl restart prometheus
[root@prometheus prometheus]# systemctl status prometheus
#检测prometheus数据是否到了数据库中
[root@prometheus prometheus]# cd
[root@prometheus ~]# influx
Connected to http://localhost:8086 version 1.7.8
InfluxDB shell version: 1.7.8
> use prometheus; #进入prometheus库
Using database prometheus
> show MEASUREMENTS; #查看当前库下的所有数据,有数据就可以了
> exit
#安装Grafana
[root@prometheus ~]# yum -y install fontconfig freetype* urw-fonts
#上传软件包
[root@prometheus ~]# ll
总用量 163076
-rw-------. 1 root root 1264 1月 12 2021 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 56363500 6月 17 16:40 grafana-6.1.4-1.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 51010897 8月 5 10:08 influxdb-1.7.8.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 59608515 8月 5 09:59 prometheus-2.16.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@prometheus ~]# yum -y install grafana-6.1.4-1.x86_64.rpm
[root@prometheus ~]# systemctl start grafana-server
[root@prometheus ~]# netstat -anpt | grep 3000
tcp6 0 0 :::3000 :::* LISTEN 1509/grafana-server
使用浏览器进行测试
#安装exporter
#上传软件包
[root@prometheus ~]# ll
总用量 170972
-rw-------. 1 root root 1264 1月 12 2021 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 56363500 6月 17 16:40 grafana-6.1.4-1.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 51010897 8月 5 10:08 influxdb-1.7.8.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8083296 7月 10 16:51 node_exporter-0.18.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 59608515 8月 5 09:59 prometheus-2.16.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@prometheus ~]# tar xf node_exporter-0.18.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@prometheus ~]# mv node_exporter-0.18.1.linux-amd64 /usr/local/exporter
[root@prometheus ~]# cd /usr/lib/systemd/system
[root@prometheus system]# vim node_exporter.service
[Unit]
Description=node_exporter
After=network.target
[Service]
User=prometheus
Group=prometheus
ExecStart=/usr/local/exporter/node_exporter --web.listen-address=:20001 --collector.systemd --collector.systemd.unit-whitelist=(sshd|nginx).service --collector.processes --collector.tcpstat
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
#保存退出
[root@prometheus system]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@prometheus system]# systemctl start node_exporter
[root@prometheus system]# systemctl status node_exporter
[root@prometheus system]# netstat -anpt | grep 20001
tcp6 0 0 :::20001 :::* LISTEN 1553/node_exporter
[root@prometheus system]# systemctl enable node_exporter
使用浏览器进行访问
#安装docker
[root@prometheus system]# cd
[root@prometheus ~]# yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
[root@prometheus ~]# ll
总用量 170976
-rw-------. 1 root root 1264 1月 12 2021 anaconda-ks.cfg
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 8月 5 10:38 docker
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 56363500 6月 17 16:40 grafana-6.1.4-1.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 51010897 8月 5 10:08 influxdb-1.7.8.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8083296 7月 10 16:51 node_exporter-0.18.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 59608515 8月 5 09:59 prometheus-2.16.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@prometheus ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/centos.repo
[aaa]
name=aaa
baseurl=file:///mnt
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
[docker]
name=docker
baseurl=file:///root/docker
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
#保存退出
[root@prometheus ~]# yum -y install docker-ce
[root@prometheus ~]# mkdir -p /etc/docker
[root@prometheus ~]# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://w4uieobw.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
#保存退出
[root@prometheus ~]# systemctl start docker
[root@prometheus ~]# systemctl status docker
#使用docker下载cAdvisor的镜像
[root@prometheus ~]# docker pull google/cadvisor
#开启容器,映射端口18104
[root@prometheus ~]# docker run \
--volume=/:/rootfs:ro \
--volume=/var/run:/var/run:rw \
--volume=/sys:/sys:ro \
--volume=/var/lib/docker/:/var/lib/docker:ro \
--volume=/dev/disk/:/dev/disk:ro \
--publish=18104:8080\
--detach=true \
--name=cadvisor \
google/cadvisor:latest
#查看容器与镜像
[root@prometheus ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
google/cadvisor latest eb1210707573 2 years ago 69.6MB
[root@prometheus ~]# docker ps #成功启动容器
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
1aab729a1d2d google/cadvisor:latest "/usr/bin/cadvisor -…" 3 minutes ago Up 3 minutes 0.0.0.0:18104->8080/tcp cadvisor
使用浏览器进行访问
访问http://192.168.100.210:18104/containers/进入cadvisor的web界面
访问http://192.168.100.210:18104/metrics可以看到cadvisor给prometheus暴露出来的信息
3、在被监控端安装
**安装 exporter+docker+cAdvisor **
#下面操作都是被监控端进行
[root@docker ~]# yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
#上传yun仓库进行安装
[root@docker ~]# ll
总用量 8
-rw-------. 1 root root 1264 1月 12 2021 anaconda-ks.cfg
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 8月 5 10:21 docker
[root@docker ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/centos.repo
[aaa]
name=aaa
baseurl=file:///mnt
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
[docker]
name=docker
baseurl=file:///root/docker
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
#保存退出
[root@docker ~]# yum -y install docker-ce
[root@docker ~]# mkdir -p /etc/docker/
[root@docker ~]# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://w4uieobw.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
#保存退出
[root@docker ~]# systemctl start docker
[root@docker ~]# systemctl status docker
#安装exporter
#上传软件包进行安装
[root@docker ~]# ll
总用量 7904
-rw-------. 1 root root 1264 1月 12 2021 anaconda-ks.cfg
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 8月 5 10:21 docker
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8083296 7月 10 16:51 node_exporter-0.18.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@docker ~]# tar xf node_exporter-0.18.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@docker ~]# mv node_exporter-0.18.1.linux-amd64 /usr/local/exporter
[root@docker ~]# cd /usr/lib/systemd/system
[root@docker system]# vim node_exporter.service
[Unit]
Description=node_exporter
After=network.target
[Service]
User=prometheus
Group=prometheus
ExecStart=/usr/local/exporter/node_exporter --web.listen-address=:20001 --collector.systemd --collector.systemd.unit-whitelist=(sshd|nginx).service --collector.processes --collector.tcpstat
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
#保存退出
[root@docker system]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@docker system]# useradd prometheus
[root@docker system]# systemctl start node_exporter
[root@docker system]# systemctl status node_exporter
[root@docker system]# netstat -anpt | grep 20001
tcp6 0 0 :::20001 :::* LISTEN 16595/node_exporter
[root@docker system]# systemctl enable node_exporter
使用浏览器进行访问测试,
#安装cadvisor
[root@docker ~]# docker images #同样下载cadvisor镜像
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
google/cadvisor latest eb1210707573 2 years ago 69.6MB
[root@docker ~]# docker run \
--volume=/:/rootfs:ro \
--volume=/var/run:/var/run:rw \
--volume=/sys:/sys:ro \
--volume=/var/lib/docker/:/var/lib/docker:ro \
--volume=/dev/disk/:/dev/disk:ro \
--publish=18104:8080\
--detach=true \
--name=cadvisor \
google/cadvisor:latest
[root@docker ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
b0719f301f48 google/cadvisor:latest "/usr/bin/cadvisor -…" 27 seconds ago Up 26 seconds 0.0.0.0:18104->8080/tcp cadvisor
使用浏览器进行访问测试
4、修改prometheus主配置文件
#在监控端修改配置文件
[root@prometheus ~]# cd /usr/local/prometheus/
[root@prometheus prometheus]# vim prometheus.yml
。。。。。。
28 static_configs:
29 - targets: ['localhost:9090']
30 - job_name: 'node1' #增加一个监控节点的job
31 static_configs:
32 - targets:
33 - "192.168.100.208:20001" #节点的端口是20001
34 - job_name: 'docker' #增加两个监控容器的job
35 static_configs:
36 - targets: ['192.168.100.210:18104','192.168.100.208:18104'] #容器的两个端口是18104,在上面启动容器时指定的
37 remote_write:
38 - url: "http://localhost:8086/api/v1/prom/write?db=prometheus"
39
40 remote_read:
41 - url: "http://localhost:8086/api/v1/prom/read?db=prometheus"
#保存退出
#重启prometheus
[root@prometheus prometheus]# systemctl restart prometheus #重启
[root@prometheus prometheus]# systemctl status prometheus #查看状态
5、测试访问prometheus的web界面
6、使用Grafana来进行监控
- 1860模板监控节点
监控节点的界面
- 893模板是监控容器的
监控容器的界面