MYSQL主从复制

主节点：192.168.199.202 root

从节点：192.168.199.201 root

1.配置mysqld.cnf配置文件

主节点：

$ sudo vi /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

# 打开配置文件，在[mysqld]模块里注释掉bind-address，用来允许远程访问数据库。
# 并在主服务器的[mysqld]模块里添加以下代码：

server-id = 1 #server-id 服务器唯一标识
log_bin = master-bin #log_bin 启动MySQL二进制日志
log_bin_index = master-bin.index
binlog_do_db = registry #binlog_do_db 指定记录二进制日志的数据库
binlog_ignore_db = mysql #binlog_ignore_db 指定不记录二进制日志的数据库

从节点：

$ sudo vi /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

# 打开配置文件，在[mysqld]模块里注释掉bind-address，用来允许远程访问数据库。
# 并在主服务器的[mysqld]模块里添加以下代码：

server-id = 2
replicate-do-db =registry
relay-log = slave-relay-bin
relay-log-index = slave-relay-bin.index

2.在主节点注册同步账户：

$ mysql -uroot -p

mysql > grant replication slave,reload,super on *.* to slave @192.168.199.202 identified by 'mypassword'
mysql > FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

3.在从节点备份主节点database并在从节点载入：

从节点：

# 保存主节点databases
$ mysqldump -h 192.168.199.202 -uroot -p --all-databases --lock-all-tables > ~/master_db.sql

# 从节点加载主节点databases
$ mysql -uroot -p < ~/master_db.sql

4.重启主从节点的mysql服务：

主从节点：

$ sudo systemctl restart mysql

5.查看主节点master状态：

mysql > show master status;

+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File              | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| master-bin.000002 |      154 | registry     | mysql            |                   |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

记住查询出来的file_set和Position字段的值。

在从节点的数据库命令行里输入下列代码

# 登录Slave从服务器，连接Master主服务器。
mysql > change master to master_host='192.168.199.202', master_user='slave', master_password='mydbpassword',master_log_file='master-bin.000002', master_log_pos=154;

# 在登录slave服务器MySQL的状态下启动数据同步
mysql > start slave;

# 登录slave服务器MySQL的状态下查看同步状态,Slave_IO_Running: Yes && Slave_SQL_Running: Yes表示slave正常运行。
mysql > show slave status\G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.199.202
                  Master_User: slave
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: master-bin.000002
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 294
               Relay_Log_File: slave-relay-bin.000007
                Relay_Log_Pos: 461
        Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000002
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: registry
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 294
              Relay_Log_Space: 883
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 1
                  Master_UUID: 56d93174-d348-11e8-8acb-e0d55e87f46c
             Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
                 Channel_Name: 
           Master_TLS_Version: 
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ERROR: 
No query specified

6. Debug

如果show slave status；时出现表不存在错误，重新同步一下两个表的内容。

7. 如果想要双主复制，只需将主节点和从节点的操作反过来再做一遍就可以了

参考资料：

1.https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2018-08/153588.htm

2.https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-08/146624.htm