SpringMVC入门及数据传递

SpringMVC原理：

MVC模型：是一种架构的新模式，本身不引入新的功能，只是帮助我们将开发的结构组织的更加合理。使展示与模型分离，流程逻辑控制、业务逻辑调用与展示逻辑分离。

• model（模型）：数据模型，包含要展示的数据和业务。
• View（视图）：用户界面，在界面上展示模型数据。
• Controller（控制器）：起调度作用，接收用户请求，调用业务处理请求，共享数据模型并跳转界面。

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SpringMVC执行流程

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SpringMVC入门程序

1、添加jar包

2、配置web.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">

    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>

    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <!--过滤器-->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.form</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

3、配置applicationContext.xml文件，添加视图解析器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd

">
    <!--自动扫描上下文包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="cn.su.*"></context:component-scan>


    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler></mvc:default-servlet-handler>

    <!--视图解析器-->
    <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

4、定义controller实现方法

@Controller
public class HelloController {

    @RequestMapping("/hello.form")
    public String hello(){
        System.out.println("Hello");
        return "index";
    }
}

结果如下：

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控制器和视图层的数据传递

一、视图层向控制器传递View to Controller

1、普通参数传递

@RequestMapping("/hello.form")
    public String hello(String name){
        System.out.println(name);
        return "index";
    }

2、@RequestParam注解

此时必须进行参数传递，否则报错

@RequestMapping("/hello.form")
    public String hello(@RequestParam String name){
        System.out.println(name);
        return "index";
    }

3、@RequestParam注解（可不进行参数传递）

此时定义了required = false，参数传递成为了非必须

    @RequestMapping("/hello.form")
    public String hello(@RequestParam(value = "name",required = false) String name){
        System.out.println(name);
        return "index";
    }

4、method = RequestMethod.GET方法进行参数传递

    @RequestMapping(value = "/hello.form",method = RequestMethod.GET,params = "name")
    public String hello(String name){
        System.out.println(name);
        return "index";
    }

二、控制器向视图层传递Controller to View

1、ModelAndView

    @RequestMapping("/welcome.form")
    public ModelAndView welcome(){
        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
        mv.addObject("name","苏");   // 添加模型数据
        mv.setViewName("index");    // 设置视图
        return mv;
    }

2、Model

    @RequestMapping("/welcome.form")
    public String welcome(Model model){
        model.addAttribute("username","小蚂蚁");
        model.addAttribute("汤姆猫");
        return "index";
    }

3、Map集合

    @RequestMapping("/welcome.form")
    public String welcome(Map<String,Object> map){
        map.put("password","123456");
        return "index";
    }

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