java AES 加密与解密

近些年DES使用越来越少，原因就在于其使用56位密钥，比较容易被破解，近些年来逐渐被AES替代，AES已经变成目前对称加密中最流行算法之一；AES可以使用128、192、和256位密钥，并且用128位分组加密和解密数据。本文就简单介绍如何通过JAVA实现AES加密。

闲话少说，代码如下：

package com.ss.util.secret;

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;
import javax.crypto.KeyGenerator;
import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;

/**
 **
 * AES128 算法，加密模式为ECB，填充模式为 pkcs7（实际就是pkcs5）
 *
 *
 */
public class AESUtils {

    /**
     * 加密
     *
     * @param content 需要加密的内容
     * @param key  加密密码
     * @return
     */
    public static byte[] encrypt(String content, String key) {
        try {
            KeyGenerator kgen = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");
            kgen.init(128, new java.security.SecureRandom(key.getBytes()));
            SecretKey secretKey = kgen.generateKey();
            byte[] enCodeFormat = secretKey.getEncoded();
            SecretKeySpec secretKeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(enCodeFormat, "AES");
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES");// 创建密码器
            byte[] byteContent = content.getBytes("UTF-8");
            cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, secretKeySpec);// 初始化
            byte[] result = cipher.doFinal(byteContent);
            return result; // 加密
        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (BadPaddingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**解密
     * @param content  待解密内容
     * @param key 解密密钥
     * @return
     */
    public static byte[] decrypt(byte[] content, String key) {
        try {
            KeyGenerator kgen = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");
            kgen.init(128, new java.security.SecureRandom(key.getBytes()));
            SecretKey secretKey = kgen.generateKey();
            byte[] enCodeFormat = secretKey.getEncoded();
            SecretKeySpec secretKeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(enCodeFormat, "AES");
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES");// 创建密码器
            cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, secretKeySpec);// 初始化
            byte[] result = cipher.doFinal(content);
            return result; // 加密
        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (BadPaddingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * 字符串加密
     * @param content 要加密的字符串
     * @param key 加密的AES Key
     * @return
     */
    public static String encryptString(String content, String key) {
        return parseByte2HexStr( encrypt(content, key));
    }

    /**
     * 字符串解密
     * @param content 要解密的字符串
     * @param key 解密的AES Key
     * @return
     */
    public static String decryptString(String content, String key){
        byte[] decryptFrom = parseHexStr2Byte(content);
        byte[] decryptResult = decrypt(decryptFrom,key);
        return new String(decryptResult);
    }


    /**将16进制转换为二进制
     * @param hexStr
     * @return
     */
    public static byte[] parseHexStr2Byte(String hexStr) {
        if (hexStr.length() < 1)
            return null;
        byte[] result = new byte[hexStr.length()/2];
        for (int i = 0;i< hexStr.length()/2; i++) {
            int high = Integer.parseInt(hexStr.substring(i*2, i*2+1), 16);
            int low = Integer.parseInt(hexStr.substring(i*2+1, i*2+2), 16);
            result[i] = (byte) (high * 16 + low);
        }
        return result;
    }


    /**将二进制转换成16进制
     * @param buf
     * @return
     */
    public static String parseByte2HexStr(byte buf[]) {
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
        for (int i = 0; i < buf.length; i++) {
            String hex = Integer.toHexString(buf[i] & 0xFF);
            if (hex.length() == 1) {
                hex = '0' + hex;
            }
            sb.append(hex.toUpperCase());
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }

    public static void  main(String aregs[]){
        String content = "协议加密Test&123";
        String key = "25d55ad283aa400af464c76d713c07ad";
        try {
            //加密
            System.out.println("加密前：" + content);
            String encrypt = AESUtils.encryptString(content, key);
            System.out.println("加密后：" + encrypt);
            //解密
            String decrypt = AESUtils.decryptString(encrypt, key);
            System.out.println("解密后：" + decrypt);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}

运行结果：

加密前：协议加密Test&123
加密后：7D07155438880C51E50433C17D9AFF8DCB2A9596AF46B2ABA33C18918053E3E0
解密后：协议加密Test&123