java DateFormat的自定义pattern的格式解析规则：忽略特定的单词

自定义DateFormat

开发中最常用的日期解析类是simpleDateFormat，往往能完成大部分对日期解析、或者转成固定格式字符串的需求。但有时候对pattern的解析有更加复杂的需求，比如忽略掉pattern中的某些单词，或者按照自定义的脚本进行解析，这时候就需要自己定义规则了。

举个例子来说，希望将2020/8/29 转换成 “FY2020”来展示，如果pattern是“FYyyyy”，明显解析出来的结果并不是我们想要的。

以该需求为例，下面自定义一个日期处理类AdvanceDateFormat

package date;

import java.text.*;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatterBuilder;
import java.util.*;

public class AdvanceDateFormat extends DateFormat {
   public AdvanceDateFormat(String pattern, String ignoreWord) {
      this.fmt = createDateFormat(pattern, ignoreWord);
   }
   
   /**
    * 格式化时间
    * */
   @Override
   public StringBuffer format(Date date, StringBuffer stringBuffer, FieldPosition fieldPosition) {
      Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance();
      cal.setTime(date);
      LocalDateTime ldate = LocalDateTime.of(cal.get(Calendar.YEAR), cal.get(Calendar.MONTH) + 1,
            cal.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH), cal.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY), cal.get(Calendar.MINUTE),
            cal.get(Calendar.SECOND));
      return stringBuffer.append(this.fmt.format(ldate));
   }

   @Override
   public Date parse(String s, ParsePosition parsePosition) {
      // do nothing
      return null;
   }

   /**
    * 构造DateTimeFormatter
    * */
   private DateTimeFormatter createDateFormat(String pattern, String ignoreWord) {
      DateTimeFormatterBuilder dateTimeFormatterBuilder = new DateTimeFormatterBuilder();

      while(pattern.length() > 0) {  
         if(pattern.startsWith(ignoreWord)) {   
            dateTimeFormatterBuilder.appendLiteral(ignoreWord);//处理需要忽略的单词
            pattern = pattern.replace(ignoreWord, "");
         }
         else if(pattern.indexOf(ignoreWord) > 0) {
            String patternStr = pattern.substring(0, pattern.indexOf(ignoreWord));
            dateTimeFormatterBuilder.appendPattern(patternStr);//添加pattern
            pattern = pattern.replace(ignoreWord, "");
         }
         else {
            dateTimeFormatterBuilder.appendPattern(pattern);//添加pattern
            pattern = pattern.replace(pattern, "");
         }
      }

      return dateTimeFormatterBuilder.toFormatter();
   }

   private DateTimeFormatter fmt;
}

测试类

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.Base64.Decoder;
import java.util.Base64.Encoder;

import date.AdvanceDateFormat;

/**
 * @program: test2
 *
 * @description
 *
 * @author: Samur
 *
 * @create: 2020-05-22 17:01
 **/
public class Test {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      String pattern = "FYyyyy";
      Date date = new Date();
      SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat(pattern);//使用simpleDateFormat 格式化时间
      String dateStr = simpleDateFormat.format(date);
      System.out.println(dateStr);
      System.out.println("=========================================");
      AdvanceDateFormat advanceDateFormat = new AdvanceDateFormat(pattern, "FY");
      String dateFormat = advanceDateFormat.format(date).toString();
      System.out.println(dateFormat);
   }
}

测试结果

520202020
=========================================
FY2020

Process finished with exit code 0