C++笔记：构造函数调用构造函数必须写在初始化列表中

---

前言

通过汇编查看构造函数调用构造函数的调用路径

---

先查看直接调用的结果

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

struct Person {
	
	int m_age;
	int m_height;
	
	Person() {
		Person(10, 20);
	}
	
	Person(int age,int height) {		
		m_age = age;
		m_height = height;

	}
};

int main()
{
	Person person;
	cout << person.m_age << endl;
	cout << person.m_height << endl;
	getchar();
	return 0;
}

out为

-858993460
-858993460

查看汇编

27: 	Person person;
00A71AE2  lea         ecx,[person]  
00A71AE5  call        Person::Person (0A71546h) 

Person::Person:
00A71546  jmp         Person::Person (0A71A50h)

10: 	Person() {
00BD1A50  push        ebp  
00BD1A51  mov         ebp,esp  
00BD1A53  sub         esp,0DCh  
00BD1A59  push        ebx  
00BD1A5A  push        esi  
00BD1A5B  push        edi  
00BD1A5C  push        ecx  
00BD1A5D  lea         edi,[ebp-0DCh]  
00BD1A63  mov         ecx,37h  
00BD1A68  mov         eax,0CCCCCCCCh  
00BD1A6D  rep stos    dword ptr es:[edi]  
00BD1A6F  pop         ecx  
00BD1A70  mov         dword ptr [this],ecx  
00BD1A73  mov         ecx,offset _BE606A61_ConsoleApplication2@cpp (0BDF029h)  
00BD1A78  call        @__CheckForDebuggerJustMyCode@4 (0BD1406h)  
    11: 		Person(10, 20);
00BD1A7D  push        14h  
00BD1A7F  push        0Ah  
00BD1A81  lea         ecx,[ebp-0D8h]  //是将一个临时的地址值（并不是[person]）传给有参构造函数的this
00BD1A87  call        std::endl<char,std::char_traits<char> > (0BD153Ch)  
    12: 	}

构造函数调用构造函数必须写在初始化列表中

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

struct Person {
	
	int m_age;
	int m_height;

	
	Person():Person(10, 20) {
		
	}
	
	Person(int age,int height) {		
		m_age = age;
		m_height = height;

	}

};

int main()
{	
	Person person;
	cout << person.m_age << endl;
	cout << person.m_height << endl;
	//getchar();
	return 0;
}

out为

10
20

查看汇编

27: 	Person person;
00691AE2  lea         ecx,[person]  //将person对象的地址[person]传给ecx
00691AE5  call        Person::Person (0691546h)  

Person::Person:
00691546  jmp         Person::Person (0691A50h) 

10: 	Person():Person(10, 20) {
00691A50  push        ebp  
00691A51  mov         ebp,esp  
00691A53  sub         esp,0CCh  
00691A59  push        ebx  
00691A5A  push        esi  
00691A5B  push        edi  
00691A5C  push        ecx  
00691A5D  lea         edi,[ebp-0CCh]  
00691A63  mov         ecx,33h  
00691A68  mov         eax,0CCCCCCCCh  
00691A6D  rep stos    dword ptr es:[edi]  
00691A6F  pop         ecx  
00691A70  mov         dword ptr [this],ecx  //将ecx传给无参构造函数Person()的this
00691A73  mov         ecx,offset _BE606A61_ConsoleApplication2@cpp (069F029h)  
00691A78  call        @__CheckForDebuggerJustMyCode@4 (0691406h)  
00691A7D  push        14h  
00691A7F  push        0Ah  
00691A81  mov         ecx,dword ptr [this]  //可以看出无参构造函数和有参构造函数的this指向的都是[person]
//查看地址信息也能发现，此时ecx中存储的地址是[person]，如下图所示
00691A84  call        std::endl<char,std::char_traits<char> > (069153Ch)  
    11: 		
    12: 	}

std::endl<char,std::char_traits<char> >:
0079153C  jmp         Person::Person (0791FA0h)