【sy5_继承的应用_2_虚函数_Shape】

sy5_继承的应用_2_虚函数_Shape

(2)声明抽象基类Shape，由它派生出3个派生类，Circle(圆形),Square(正方形)和Triangle(三角形)，用虚函数分别输出图形的名称并计算几种图形的面积和周长。要求在主函数中使用基类指针数组，使它的每一个元素指向一个派生类的对象，然后调用其成员函数测试计算面积和周长的功能。

整段代码：

Shape.h

#pragma once
#ifndef SHAPE_H
#define SHAPE_H
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Shape
{
public:
	virtual void ShapeName() = 0;
	virtual float area() = 0;
	virtual float Circumference() = 0;
};
#endif // !SHAPE_H

Circle.h

#pragma once
#ifndef CIRCLE_H
#define CIRCLE_H
#include <iostream>
#include"Shape.h"
using namespace std;
class Circle:public Shape
{
protected:
	float Radius;
public:
	Circle();
	void ShapeName();
	float area();
	float Circumference();
	friend istream& operator>>(istream& input, Circle& C);
	friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& output, const Circle& C);

};
#endif // !CIRCLE_H

Square.h

#pragma once
#ifndef SQUARE_H
#define SQUARE_H
#include <iostream>
#include"Shape.h"
using namespace std;
class Square :public Shape
{
protected:
	float Width,Height;
public:
	Square();
	void ShapeName();
	float area();
	float Circumference();
	friend istream& operator>>(istream& input, Square& Si);
	friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& output, const Square& Si);

};
#endif // !SQUARE_H

Triangle.h

#pragma once
#ifndef TRIANGLE_H
#define TRIANGLE_H
#include <iostream>
#include"Shape.h"
#include <math.h>
using namespace std;
class Tirangle :public Shape
{
protected:
	float a, b,c;
public:
	Tirangle();
	void ShapeName();
	float area();
	float Circumference();
	friend istream& operator>>(istream& input, Tirangle& T);
	friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& output, const Tirangle& T);

};
#endif // !TRIANGLE_H

Circle.cpp

#include"Shape.h"
#include"Circle.h"
Circle::Circle()
{
	this->Radius = 0;
}
void Circle::ShapeName()
{
	cout << "这是Circle(圆形)" << endl;
}
float  Circle::area()
{
	return 3.14 * Radius * Radius;
}
float  Circle::Circumference()
{
	return 2 * 3.14 * Radius;
}
istream& operator>>(istream& input, Circle& C)
{
	cout << "请输入圆的半径R：";
	input >> C.Radius;
	return input;
}
ostream& operator<<(ostream& output, const Circle& C)
{
	output << "圆的半径：" << C.Radius << endl;
	return output;
}

Square.cpp

#include"Shape.h"
#include"Square.h"
Square::Square()
{
	this->Width = 0;
	this->Height = 0;
}
void Square::ShapeName()
{
	cout << "这是Square(正方形)" << endl;
}
float  Square::area()
{
	return Width * Height;
}
float  Square::Circumference()
{
	return 2 * (Width + Height);
}
istream& operator>>(istream& input, Square& Si)
{
	cout << "长方形的长和宽：";
	input >> Si.Height>> Si.Width;
	return input;
}
ostream& operator<<(ostream& output, const Square& Si)
{
	output << "长=" << Si.Height << "," << "宽=" << Si.Width << endl;
	return output;
}

Triangle.cpp

#include"Shape.h"
#include"Triangle.h"
Tirangle::Tirangle()
{
	this->a = 0;
	this->b = 0;
	this->c = 0;
}
void Tirangle::ShapeName()
{
	cout << "这是Tirangle(三角形)" << endl;
}
float  Tirangle::area()
{
	float P = 0;
	float S = 0;
	P = (a + b + c) / 2;
	S = sqrt(P*(P - a)*(P - b)*(P- c));
	return S;
}
float  Tirangle::Circumference()
{
	return a+b+c;
}
istream& operator>>(istream& input, Tirangle& T)
{
	cout << "请输入三角形的三条边：";
	input >> T.a >> T.b >> T.c;
	while (!((T.a + T.b) > T.c && (T.b + T.c) > T.a && (T.a + T.c) > T.b))
	{
		cout << "请输入正确的三角形三边关系：";
		cin.clear();
		input >> T.a >> T.b >> T.c;
	}
	return input;
	
}
ostream& operator<<(ostream& output, const Tirangle& T)
{
	output << "三角形三边a=" << T.a << "," << "b=" << T.b <<"," << "c=" << T.c << endl;
	return output;
}

main.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include "Shape.h"
#include "Circle.h"
#include "Square.h"
#include "Triangle.h"
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	Shape* shape[3];
	Circle circle;
	cin >> circle;
	cout << circle;
	shape[0] = &circle;
	shape[0]->ShapeName();
	cout << "圆的面积：" << shape[0]->area() << endl;
	cout << "圆的周长：" << shape[0]->Circumference() << endl;
	cout << "-----------------------------------" << endl;
	Square square;
	cin >> square;
	cout << square;
	shape[1] = &square;
	shape[1]->ShapeName();
	cout << "正方形的面积：" << shape[1]->area() << endl;
	cout << "正方形的周长：" << shape[1]->Circumference() << endl;
	cout << "-----------------------------------" << endl;
	Tirangle triangle;
	cin >> triangle;
	cout << triangle;
	shape[2] = &triangle;
	shape[2]->ShapeName();
	cout << "三角形形的面积：" << shape[2]->area() << endl;
	cout << "三角形的周长：" << shape[2]->Circumference() << endl;
}

运行结果：