OpenGL 学习笔记3_2(绘制线相关)

蓝宝书 第三章

画线 Line

1）两点定一条实线

glBegin(GL_LINES);

glVertex3f(……);//点a

glVertex3f(……);//点b

glVertex3f(……);//点c

glVertex3f(……);//点d

glEnd();

绘制线段ab、cd

相关代码见例3.4

2）绘制连续线段，连接密集的点成曲线

glBegin(GL_LINE_STRIP);

glVertex3f(……);//点a

glVertex3f(……);//点b

glVertex3f(……);//点c

glVertex3f(……);//点d

glEnd();

绘制线段ab、bc、cd

相关代码见例3.5

3）设置线宽度

voidglLineWidth(GLfloat width);设置线宽度

GLfloat sizes[2]; // 存放线宽度的范围

GLfloat step; // 存放每次改变线宽度的最小增量

glGetFloatv(GL_LINE_WIDTH_RANGE,sizes);//获取线宽范围

glGetFloatv(GL_LINE_WIDTH_GRANULARITY,&step);//获取最小增量

相关代码见例3.6

4）绘制虚线，自定义虚线模板

glEnable(GL_LINE_STIPPLE);//启用模板功能

void glLineStipple(GLint factor, GLushort pattern);//设置影响因子及模板格式

factor代表每位二进制数在线上用几个单位显示

相关代码见例3.7

例3.4 绘制多条线段

#include <windows.h>  
#include <math.h>  
#include <GL\GL.h>  
#include <GL\GLU.h>  
#include <GL\glut.h>  


// Define a constant for the value of PI  
#define GL_PI 3.1415f  
// This function does any needed initialization on the rendering  

void RenderScene(void)
{
	GLfloat x, y, z, angle; // Storage for coordinates and angles  
	GLfloat sizes[2]; // Store supported point size range  
	GLfloat step; // Store supported point size increments  
	GLfloat curSize; // Store current point size  

	// Clear the window with current clearing color  
	glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
	// Save matrix state and do the rotation  
	glPushMatrix();
	//glRotatef(30.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);//书中的xRot代表x轴偏移的角度  
	//glRotatef(30.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);//书中的yRot代表y轴偏移的角度  

	// Get supported point size range and step size  
	glGetFloatv(GL_POINT_SIZE_RANGE, sizes);
	glGetFloatv(GL_POINT_SIZE_GRANULARITY, &step);
	// Set the initial point size  
	curSize = sizes[0];
	// Set beginning z coordinate  
	z = -50.0f;

	// Call only once for all remaining points  
	// Call only once for all remaining points
	glBegin(GL_LINES);
	// All lines lie in the xy plane.
	z = 0.0f;
	for (angle = 0.0f; angle <= GL_PI; angle += (GL_PI / 20.0f))
	{
		// Top half of the circle
		x = 50.0f*sin(angle);
		y = 50.0f*cos(angle);
		glVertex3f(x, y, z); // First endpoint of line
		// Bottom half of the circle
		x = 50.0f*sin(angle + GL_PI);
		y = 50.0f*cos(angle + GL_PI);
		glVertex3f(x, y, z); // Second endpoint of line
	}
	// Done drawing points
	glEnd();
	// Restore transformations  
	glPopMatrix();
	// Flush drawing commands  
	glutSwapBuffers();
}
void SetupRC()
{
	// Black background  
	glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
	// Set drawing color to green  
	glColor3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
}
void ChangeSize(GLsizei w, GLsizei h)
{
	GLfloat nRange = 100.0f;
	// Prevent a divide by zero  
	if (h == 0)
		h = 1;
	// Set Viewport to window dimensions  
	glViewport(0, 0, w, h);
	// Reset projection matrix stack  
	glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
	glLoadIdentity();
	// Establish clipping volume (left, right, bottom, top, near, far)  

	if (w <= h)
		glOrtho(-nRange, nRange, -nRange*h / w, nRange*h / w, -nRange, nRange);
	else
		glOrtho(-nRange*w / h, nRange*w / h, -nRange, nRange, -nRange, nRange);
	// Reset Model view matrix stack  
	glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
	glLoadIdentity();
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
	glutInit(&argc, argv);
	glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGBA);
	glutInitWindowSize(800, 600);
	glutCreateWindow("Bounce");
	glutDisplayFunc(RenderScene);//显示回调函数  
	glutReshapeFunc(ChangeSize);//窗口大小变形回调函数  

	SetupRC();
	glutMainLoop();

	return 0;
}

例3.5 点连曲线

#include <windows.h>  
#include <math.h>  
#include <GL\GL.h>  
#include <GL\GLU.h>  
#include <GL\glut.h>  


// Define a constant for the value of PI  
#define GL_PI 3.1415f  
// This function does any needed initialization on the rendering  

void RenderScene(void)
{
	GLfloat x, y, z, angle; // Storage for coordinates and angles  
	GLfloat sizes[2]; // Store supported point size range  
	GLfloat step; // Store supported point size increments  
	GLfloat curSize; // Store current point size  

	// Clear the window with current clearing color  
	glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
	// Save matrix state and do the rotation  
	glPushMatrix();
	glRotatef(30.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);//书中的xRot代表x轴偏移的角度  
	glRotatef(30.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);//书中的yRot代表y轴偏移的角度  

	// Get supported point size range and step size  
	glGetFloatv(GL_POINT_SIZE_RANGE, sizes);
	glGetFloatv(GL_POINT_SIZE_GRANULARITY, &step);
	// Set the initial point size  
	curSize = sizes[0];
	// Set beginning z coordinate  
	z = -50.0f;

	// Call only once for all remaining points  
	// Call only once for all remaining points
	glBegin(GL_LINE_STRIP);
	z = -50.0f;
	for (angle = 0.0f; angle <= (2.0f*GL_PI)*3.0f; angle += 0.1f)
	{
		x = 50.0f*sin(angle);
		y = 50.0f*cos(angle);
		// Specify the point and move the z value up a little
		glVertex3f(x, y, z);
		z += 0.5f;
	}
	// Done drawing points
	glEnd();
	// Restore transformations  
	glPopMatrix();
	// Flush drawing commands  
	glutSwapBuffers();
}
void SetupRC()
{
	// Black background  
	glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
	// Set drawing color to green  
	glColor3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
}
void ChangeSize(GLsizei w, GLsizei h)
{
	GLfloat nRange = 100.0f;
	// Prevent a divide by zero  
	if (h == 0)
		h = 1;
	// Set Viewport to window dimensions  
	glViewport(0, 0, w, h);
	// Reset projection matrix stack  
	glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
	glLoadIdentity();
	// Establish clipping volume (left, right, bottom, top, near, far)  

	if (w <= h)
		glOrtho(-nRange, nRange, -nRange*h / w, nRange*h / w, -nRange, nRange);
	else
		glOrtho(-nRange*w / h, nRange*w / h, -nRange, nRange, -nRange, nRange);
	// Reset Model view matrix stack  
	glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
	glLoadIdentity();
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
	glutInit(&argc, argv);
	glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGBA);
	glutInitWindowSize(800, 600);
	glutCreateWindow("Bounce");
	glutDisplayFunc(RenderScene);//显示回调函数  
	glutReshapeFunc(ChangeSize);//窗口大小变形回调函数  

	SetupRC();
	glutMainLoop();

	return 0;
}

例3.6 调整线宽度

#include <windows.h>  
#include <math.h>  
#include <GL\GL.h>  
#include <GL\GLU.h>  
#include <GL\glut.h>  


// Define a constant for the value of PI  
#define GL_PI 3.1415f  
// This function does any needed initialization on the rendering  

void RenderScene(void)
{
	GLfloat y; // Storage for varying Y coordinate
	GLfloat fSizes[2]; // Line width range metrics
	GLfloat fCurrSize; // Save current size

	// Clear the window with current clearing color  
	glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
	// Save matrix state and do the rotation  
	glPushMatrix();
	//glRotatef(30.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);//书中的xRot代表x轴偏移的角度  
	//glRotatef(30.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);//书中的yRot代表y轴偏移的角度  

	// Get supported point size range and step size  
	glGetFloatv(GL_LINE_WIDTH_RANGE, fSizes);
	fCurrSize = fSizes[0];
	// Set the initial point size  
	// Step up y axis 20 units at a time
	for (y = -90.0f; y < 90.0f; y += 20.0f)
	{
		// Set the line width
		glLineWidth(fCurrSize);
		// Draw the line
		glBegin(GL_LINES);
		glVertex2f(-80.0f, y);
		glVertex2f(80.0f, y);
		glEnd();
		// Increase the line width
		fCurrSize += 1.0f;
	}
	// Restore transformations  
	glPopMatrix();
	// Flush drawing commands  
	glutSwapBuffers();
}
void SetupRC()
{
	// Black background  
	glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
	// Set drawing color to green  
	glColor3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
}
void ChangeSize(GLsizei w, GLsizei h)
{
	GLfloat nRange = 100.0f;
	// Prevent a divide by zero  
	if (h == 0)
		h = 1;
	// Set Viewport to window dimensions  
	glViewport(0, 0, w, h);
	// Reset projection matrix stack  
	glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
	glLoadIdentity();
	// Establish clipping volume (left, right, bottom, top, near, far)  

	if (w <= h)
		glOrtho(-nRange, nRange, -nRange*h / w, nRange*h / w, -nRange, nRange);
	else
		glOrtho(-nRange*w / h, nRange*w / h, -nRange, nRange, -nRange, nRange);
	// Reset Model view matrix stack  
	glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
	glLoadIdentity();
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
	glutInit(&argc, argv);
	glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGBA);
	glutInitWindowSize(800, 600);
	glutCreateWindow("Bounce");
	glutDisplayFunc(RenderScene);//显示回调函数  
	glutReshapeFunc(ChangeSize);//窗口大小变形回调函数  

	SetupRC();
	glutMainLoop();

	return 0;
}

例3.7 自定义模板绘制虚线

#include <windows.h>  
#include <math.h>  
#include <GL\GL.h>  
#include <GL\GLU.h>  
#include <GL\glut.h>  


// Define a constant for the value of PI  
#define GL_PI 3.1415f  
// This function does any needed initialization on the rendering  

void RenderScene(void)
{
	GLfloat y; // Storage for varying y coordinate
	GLint factor = 1; // Stippling factor
	GLushort pattern = 0x5555; // Stipple pattern

	// Clear the window with current clearing color  
	glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
	// Save matrix state and do the rotation  
	glPushMatrix();
	//glRotatef(30.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);//书中的xRot代表x轴偏移的角度  
	//glRotatef(30.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);//书中的yRot代表y轴偏移的角度  

	// Get supported point size range and step size  
	glEnable(GL_LINE_STIPPLE);
	// Step up Y axis 20 units at a time
	for (y = -90.0f; y < 90.0f; y += 20.0f)
	{
		// Reset the repeat factor and pattern
		glLineStipple(factor, pattern);
		// Draw the line
		glBegin(GL_LINES);
		glVertex2f(-80.0f, y);
		glVertex2f(80.0f, y);
		glEnd();
		factor++;
	}
	// Restore transformations  
	glPopMatrix();
	// Flush drawing commands  
	glutSwapBuffers();
}
void SetupRC()
{
	// Black background  
	glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
	// Set drawing color to green  
	glColor3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
}
void ChangeSize(GLsizei w, GLsizei h)
{
	GLfloat nRange = 100.0f;
	// Prevent a divide by zero  
	if (h == 0)
		h = 1;
	// Set Viewport to window dimensions  
	glViewport(0, 0, w, h);
	// Reset projection matrix stack  
	glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
	glLoadIdentity();
	// Establish clipping volume (left, right, bottom, top, near, far)  

	if (w <= h)
		glOrtho(-nRange, nRange, -nRange*h / w, nRange*h / w, -nRange, nRange);
	else
		glOrtho(-nRange*w / h, nRange*w / h, -nRange, nRange, -nRange, nRange);
	// Reset Model view matrix stack  
	glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
	glLoadIdentity();
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
	glutInit(&argc, argv);
	glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGBA);
	glutInitWindowSize(800, 600);
	glutCreateWindow("Bounce");
	glutDisplayFunc(RenderScene);//显示回调函数  
	glutReshapeFunc(ChangeSize);//窗口大小变形回调函数  

	SetupRC();
	glutMainLoop();

	return 0;
}