ffmpeg编译使用

编译安装：

https://blog.csdn.net/zhouzhenhe2008/article/details/48531355

使用：

https://blog.csdn.net/li_wen01/article/details/62036585

https://blog.csdn.net/qqqq245425070/article/details/87529209

Makefile修改：

https://blog.csdn.net/a161619/article/details/78838108

FFMPEG_LIBS = -lavformat -lavdevice -lavcodec -lavutil -lswresample -lavfilter -lswscale -ldl -lm

直接使用ffmpeg:

https://blog.csdn.net/u011394059/article/details/78728809

ffmpeg -i video_name.mp4 -vf select='eq(pict_type\,I)' -vsync 2 -s 1920*1080 -f image2 core-%02d.jpeg

各个参数解释: 
-i :输入文件，这里的话其实就是视频, 
-vf:是一个命令行，表示过滤图形的描述, 选择过滤器select会选择帧进行输出：包括过滤器常量 
pict_type和对应的类型:PICT_TYPE_I 表示是I帧，即关键帧。 
-vsync 2:阻止每个关键帧产生多余的拷贝 
-f image2 name_%02d.jpeg:将视频帧写入到图片中，样式的格式一般是: 
“%d” 或者 “%0Nd” 
-s:分辨率，1920*1080
 

提取MV Blcok

https://blog.csdn.net/ricky90/article/details/79436422

https://github.com/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/blob/release/4.1/doc/examples/extract_mvs.c

decoder.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define __STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS
#include "avformat.h"
#include "avcodec.h"
#include "swscale.h"
#include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>
#include <libavformat/avformat.h>
#include <libavutil/avutil.h>
#include "libavutil/log.h"
 
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    AVFormatContext *pFormatCtx;
    int             i, videoindex;
    AVCodecContext  *pCodecCtx;
    AVCodec         *pCodec;
    AVFrame *pFrame,*pFrameYUV;
    uint8_t *out_buffer;
    AVPacket *packet;
    int y_size;
    int ret, got_picture;
    struct SwsContext *img_convert_ctx;
    //输入文件路径
    char* filepath=argv[1];
    printf("%s\n",filepath);
 
    int frame_cnt;
    
    av_register_all();                       /* 注册复用器 编码器 */
    avformat_network_init();                 /* 打开网络流 */
    pFormatCtx = avformat_alloc_context();   /* 分配内存 */
 
    if(avformat_open_input(&pFormatCtx,filepath,NULL,NULL)!=0){             
        printf("Couldn't open input stream.\n");
        return -1;
    }
    if(avformat_find_stream_info(pFormatCtx,NULL)<0){    /* 读取一部分视音频数据并且获得一些相关的信息 */
        printf("Couldn't find stream information.\n");
        return -1;
    }
    videoindex=-1;
    for(i=0; i<pFormatCtx->nb_streams; i++) 
        if(pFormatCtx->streams[i]->codec->codec_type==AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO){
            videoindex=i;
            break;
        }
    if(videoindex==-1){
        printf("Didn't find a video stream.\n");
        return -1;
    }
 
    pCodecCtx=pFormatCtx->streams[videoindex]->codec;
    pCodec=avcodec_find_decoder(pCodecCtx->codec_id); /* 查找FFmpeg的解码器 */
    if(pCodec==NULL){
        printf("Codec not found.\n");
        return -1;
    }
    if(avcodec_open2(pCodecCtx, pCodec,NULL)<0){    /* 初始化一个视音频编解码器的AVCodecContext  */
        printf("Could not open codec.\n");
        return -1;
    }
 
    /* printf information of the input video */
    printf("AVFormatContext AVInputFormat name = %s  \n",pFormatCtx->iformat->name);
    printf("Number of elements in AVFormatContext.streams = %d  \n",pFormatCtx->nb_streams);
    printf("Duration of the stream, in AV_TIME_BASE fractional = %d  \n",pFormatCtx->duration);
    printf("Total stream bitrate in   %d  bit/s \n",pFormatCtx->bit_rate);
    printf("picture width   =  %d \n",pCodecCtx->width);
    printf("picture height  =  %d \n",pCodecCtx->height);
 
    pFrame=av_frame_alloc();        /* 分配一个 AVFrame 的内存*/
    pFrameYUV=av_frame_alloc();
    out_buffer=(uint8_t *)av_malloc(avpicture_get_size(AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P, pCodecCtx->width, pCodecCtx->height)); /*内存分配函数 */
    avpicture_fill((AVPicture *)pFrameYUV, out_buffer, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P, pCodecCtx->width, pCodecCtx->height); /* 为已经分配的空间的结构体AVPicture挂上一段用于保存数据的空间 */
    packet=(AVPacket *)av_malloc(sizeof(AVPacket));
 
    printf("--------------- File Information ----------------\n");
    av_dump_format(pFormatCtx,0,filepath,0);
    printf("-------------------------------------------------\n");
    
    img_convert_ctx = sws_getContext(pCodecCtx->width, pCodecCtx->height, pCodecCtx->pix_fmt, 
        pCodecCtx->width, pCodecCtx->height, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P, SWS_BICUBIC, NULL, NULL, NULL);   /* 初始化SwsContext的函数 */
 
    frame_cnt=0;
 
    //FILE* h264_fd = fopen("test.h264", wb+);
    while(av_read_frame(pFormatCtx, packet)>=0){
        if(packet->stream_index==videoindex){
            
           // fwrite(packet->data,packet->size, 1 h264_fd);
            ret = avcodec_decode_video2(pCodecCtx, pFrame, &got_picture, packet);  /* 解码一帧视频数据 */
            if(ret < 0){
                printf("Decode Error.\n");
                return -1;
            }
            if(got_picture){
                sws_scale(img_convert_ctx, (const uint8_t* const*)pFrame->data, pFrame->linesize, 0, pCodecCtx->height, 
                    pFrameYUV->data, pFrameYUV->linesize);                       /* 转换像素的函数 */
                printf("Decoded frame index: %d\n",frame_cnt);
                writeJPEG(pFrame, pCodecCtx->width, pCodecCtx->height);
                frame_cnt++;
                break;
            }
        }
        av_free_packet(packet);
    }
 
    //fclose(h264_fd);
    sws_freeContext(img_convert_ctx);
 
    av_frame_free(&pFrameYUV);
    av_frame_free(&pFrame);
    avcodec_close(pCodecCtx);
    avformat_close_input(&pFormatCtx);
 
    return 0;
}

int writeJPEG(AVFrame* frame,int width,int height){
    const char* out_file = "hello_world.jpg";
    //新建一个输出的AVFormatContext 并分配内存
    AVFormatContext* output_cxt = avformat_alloc_context();
    avformat_alloc_output_context2(&output_cxt,NULL,"singlejpeg",out_file);
    //设置输出文件的格式
    // output_cxt->oformat = av_guess_format("mjpeg",NULL,NULL);
    //创建和初始化一个和该URL相关的AVIOContext
    if(avio_open(&output_cxt->pb,out_file,AVIO_FLAG_READ_WRITE) < 0){
        av_log(NULL,AV_LOG_ERROR,"不能打开文件  \n");
        return -1;
    }
    //构建新的Stream
    AVStream* stream = avformat_new_stream(output_cxt,NULL);
    if(stream == NULL){
        av_log(NULL,AV_LOG_ERROR,"创建AVStream失败  \n");
        return -1;
    }
    //初始化AVStream信息
    AVCodecContext* codec_cxt = stream->codec;

    codec_cxt->codec_id = output_cxt->oformat->video_codec;
    codec_cxt->codec_type = AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO;
    codec_cxt->pix_fmt = AV_PIX_FMT_YUVJ420P;
    codec_cxt->height = height;
    codec_cxt->width = width;
    codec_cxt->time_base.num = 1;
    codec_cxt->time_base.den = 25;

    //打印输出文件信息
    av_dump_format(output_cxt,0,out_file,1);

    AVCodec* codec = avcodec_find_encoder(codec_cxt->codec_id);
    if(!codec){
        av_log(NULL,AV_LOG_ERROR,"找不到编码器  \n");
        return -1;
    }

    if(avcodec_open2(codec_cxt,codec,NULL) < 0){
        av_log(NULL,AV_LOG_ERROR,"不能打开编码器  \n");
        return -1;
    }
    avcodec_parameters_from_context(stream->codecpar,codec_cxt);

    //写入文件头
    avformat_write_header(output_cxt,NULL);
    int size = codec_cxt->width * codec_cxt->height;

    AVPacket* packet;
    av_new_packet(packet,size * 3);

    int got_picture = 0;
    int result = avcodec_encode_video2(codec_cxt,packet,frame,&got_picture);
    if(result < 0){
        av_log(NULL,AV_LOG_ERROR,"编码失败  \n");
        return -1;
    }
    printf("got_picture %d \n",got_picture);
    if(got_picture == 1){
        //将packet中的数据写入本地文件
        result = av_write_frame(output_cxt,packet);
    }
    av_free_packet(packet);
    //将流尾写入输出媒体文件并释放文件数据
    av_write_trailer(output_cxt);
    if(frame){
        av_frame_unref(frame);
    }
    avio_close(output_cxt->pb);
    avformat_free_context(output_cxt);
    return 0;
}

Makefile:

OUT_APP		 = test
INCLUDE_PATH = /usr/local/include/
INCLUDE = -I$(INCLUDE_PATH)libavutil/ -I$(INCLUDE_PATH)libavdevice/ \
			-I$(INCLUDE_PATH)libavcodec/ -I$(INCLUDE_PATH)libswresample \
			-I$(INCLUDE_PATH)libavfilter/ -I$(INCLUDE_PATH)libavformat \
			-I$(INCLUDE_PATH)libswscale/
 
FFMPEG_LIBS = -lavformat -lavdevice -lavcodec -lavutil -lswresample -lavfilter -lswscale -ldl -lm
SDL_LIBS	= 
LIBS		= $(FFMPEG_LIBS)$(SDL_LIBS)
 
COMPILE_OPTS = $(INCLUDE)
C 			 = c
OBJ 		 = o
C_COMPILER   = cc
C_FLAGS 	 = $(COMPILE_OPTS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(CFLAGS)
 
LINK 		 = cc -o 
LINK_OPTS    = -lz -lm  -lpthread
LINK_OBJ	 = decoder.o 
 
.$(C).$(OBJ):
	$(C_COMPILER) -c $(C_FLAGS) $<
 
 
$(OUT_APP): $(LINK_OBJ)
	$(LINK)$@  $(LINK_OBJ)  $(LIBS) $(LINK_OPTS)
 
clean:
		-rm -rf *.$(OBJ) $(OUT_APP) core *.core *~ include/*~