STM32—GPIO（标准库）

1. GPIO的模式 
   
   ———         浮空输入                             ————              GPIO_Mode_In_FLOATING
   ———         上拉输入                             ————              GPIO_Mode_IPU      
   ———         下拉输入                             ————              GPIO_Mode_IPD
   ———         模拟输入                             ————              GPIO_Mode_AIN
   ———         开漏输出                             ————              GPIO_Mode_Out_OD
   ———         推挽输出                             ————              GPIO_Mode_Oot_PP
   ———         复用开漏输出                      ————              GPIO_Mode_AF_OD
   ———         复用推挽输出                      ————              GPIO_Mode_AF_PP
   
    
2. GPIO时钟开启：在操作GPIO时，应该提前开启GPIO时钟才能有效操作
   
   在固件库—— rcc 函数库中
   
    

   /**
     * @brief  Enables or disables the High Speed APB (APB2) peripheral clock.
     * @param  RCC_APB2Periph: specifies the APB2 peripheral to gates its clock.
     *   This parameter can be any combination of the following values:
     *     @arg RCC_APB2Periph_AFIO, RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB,
     *          RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOC, RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOD, RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOE,
     *          RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOF, RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOG, RCC_APB2Periph_ADC1,
     *          RCC_APB2Periph_ADC2, RCC_APB2Periph_TIM1, RCC_APB2Periph_SPI1,
     *          RCC_APB2Periph_TIM8, RCC_APB2Periph_USART1, RCC_APB2Periph_ADC3,
     *          RCC_APB2Periph_TIM15, RCC_APB2Periph_TIM16, RCC_APB2Periph_TIM17,
     *          RCC_APB2Periph_TIM9, RCC_APB2Periph_TIM10, RCC_APB2Periph_TIM11     
     * @param  NewState: new state of the specified peripheral clock.
     *   This parameter can be: ENABLE or DISABLE.
     * @retval None
     */
   
   
   void RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(uint32_t RCC_APB2Periph, FunctionalState NewState)
   {
     ..............
   }
   
   
   开启或关闭一些外设时钟

3.GPIO函数库讲解：在固件库—— gpio 函数库中

• 初始化函数：void GPIO_Init(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, GPIO_InitTypeDef* GPIO_InitStruct)

/**
  * @brief  Initializes the GPIOx peripheral according to the specified
  *         parameters in the GPIO_InitStruct.
  * @param  GPIOx: where x can be (A..G) to select the GPIO peripheral.
  * @param  GPIO_InitStruct: pointer to a GPIO_InitTypeDef structure that
  *         contains the configuration information for the specified GPIO peripheral.
  * @retval None
  */


void GPIO_Init(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, GPIO_InitTypeDef* GPIO_InitStruct)
{
  ...................
}


结构体元素讲解

GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Mode     :     选择GPIO的工作模式

GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_PIN      :     选择GPIO的引脚

GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Speed    :     选择GPIO的速度(这个参数只在输出模式有效)
  

• 初始化配置函数:  void GPIO_StructInit(GPIO_InitTypeDef* GPIO_InitStruct)
   

/**
  * @brief  Fills each GPIO_InitStruct member with its default value.
  * @param  GPIO_InitStruct : pointer to a GPIO_InitTypeDef structure which will
  *         be initialized.
  * @retval None
  */


void GPIO_StructInit(GPIO_InitTypeDef* GPIO_InitStruct)
{
  /* Reset GPIO init structure parameters values */
  GPIO_InitStruct->GPIO_Pin  = GPIO_Pin_All;
  GPIO_InitStruct->GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_2MHz;
  GPIO_InitStruct->GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;
}


将结构体给与默认参数，由函数可知

将GPIO的所有引脚配置为、2MHZ速度、浮空输入模式

• 清除初始化函数：  void GPIO_DeInit(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx)
   

/**
  * @brief  Deinitializes the GPIOx peripheral registers to their default reset values.
  * @param  GPIOx: where x can be (A..G) to select the GPIO peripheral.
  * @retval None
  */


void GPIO_DeInit(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx)
{
  ...................
}



关闭GPIO的时钟

• 输出函数1： void GPIO_SetBits(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, uint16_t GPIO_Pin)

/**
  * @brief  Sets the selected data port bits.
  * @param  GPIOx: where x can be (A..G) to select the GPIO peripheral.
  * @param  GPIO_Pin: specifies the port bits to be written.
  *   This parameter can be any combination of GPIO_Pin_x where x can be (0..15).
  * @retval None
  */


void GPIO_SetBits(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, uint16_t GPIO_Pin)
{
  ..........
}


向GPIO端口的某个引脚置为高电平

• 输出函数2： void  GPIO_ResetBits(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, uint16_t GPIO_Pin)

/**
  * @brief  Clears the selected data port bits.
  * @param  GPIOx: where x can be (A..G) to select the GPIO peripheral.
  * @param  GPIO_Pin: specifies the port bits to be written.
  *   This parameter can be any combination of GPIO_Pin_x where x can be (0..15).
  * @retval None
  */

void GPIO_ResetBits(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, uint16_t GPIO_Pin)
{
  ........
}


向GPIO端口的某个引脚置为低电平

• 输出函数3：void  GPIO_WriteBit(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, uint16_t GPIO_Pin, BitAction       BitVal)

/**
  * @brief  Sets or clears the selected data port bit.
  * @param  GPIOx: where x can be (A..G) to select the GPIO peripheral.
  * @param  GPIO_Pin: specifies the port bit to be written.
  *   This parameter can be one of GPIO_Pin_x where x can be (0..15).
  * @param  BitVal: specifies the value to be written to the selected bit.
  *   This parameter can be one of the BitAction enum values:
  *     @arg Bit_RESET: to clear the port pin
  *     @arg Bit_SET: to set the port pin
  * @retval None
  */



void GPIO_WriteBit(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, uint16_t GPIO_Pin, BitAction BitVal)
{
  .........
}

                            
向某个端口的某个引脚置为 0 或 1 （由  BitVal  决定）

• 输出函数4：void GPIO_Write(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, uint16_t PortVal)

/**
  * @brief  Writes data to the specified GPIO data port.
  * @param  GPIOx: where x can be (A..G) to select the GPIO peripheral.
  * @param  PortVal: specifies the value to be written to the port output data register.
  * @retval None
  */



void GPIO_Write(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, uint16_t PortVal)
{
  /* Check the parameters */
  assert_param(IS_GPIO_ALL_PERIPH(GPIOx));
  
  GPIOx->ODR = PortVal;
}


向某个端口的所有引脚置为 0 或 1 （由  PortVal  决定）

• 读取函数1：uint8_t GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, uint16_t GPIO_Pin)

/**
  * @brief  Reads the specified input port pin.
  * @param  GPIOx: where x can be (A..G) to select the GPIO peripheral.
  * @param  GPIO_Pin:  specifies the port bit to read.
  *   This parameter can be GPIO_Pin_x where x can be (0..15).
  * @retval The input port pin value.
  */



uint8_t GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, uint16_t GPIO_Pin)
{
  ...........
}



读取某个端口的某个  输入的 引脚的电平状态

• 读取函数2：uint16_t GPIO_ReadInputData(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx)

/**
  * @brief  Reads the specified GPIO input data port.
  * @param  GPIOx: where x can be (A..G) to select the GPIO peripheral.
  * @retval GPIO input data port value.
  */


uint16_t GPIO_ReadInputData(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx)
{
  ........
}



读取端口的  输入的  电平状态

• 读取函数3：uint8_t GPIO_ReadOutputDataBit(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, uint16_t GPIO_Pin)

/**
  * @brief  Reads the specified output data port bit.
  * @param  GPIOx: where x can be (A..G) to select the GPIO peripheral.
  * @param  GPIO_Pin:  specifies the port bit to read.
  *   This parameter can be GPIO_Pin_x where x can be (0..15).
  * @retval The output port pin value.
  */


uint8_t GPIO_ReadOutputDataBit(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, uint16_t GPIO_Pin)
{
  ........................
}



读取某个端口的某个引脚  输出的  电平状态

• 读取函数4：uint16_t GPIO_ReadOutputData(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx)

/**
  * @brief  Reads the specified GPIO output data port.
  * @param  GPIOx: where x can be (A..G) to select the GPIO peripheral.
  * @retval GPIO output data port value.
  */


uint16_t GPIO_ReadOutputData(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx)
{
  .........
}


读取端口的  输出的  电平状态

• 功能函数1：void GPIO_PinLockConfig(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, uint16_t GPIO_Pin)

/**
  * @brief  Locks GPIO Pins configuration registers.
  * @param  GPIOx: where x can be (A..G) to select the GPIO peripheral.
  * @param  GPIO_Pin: specifies the port bit to be written.
  *   This parameter can be any combination of GPIO_Pin_x where x can be (0..15).
  * @retval None
  */


void GPIO_PinLockConfig(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, uint16_t GPIO_Pin)
{

}


锁定某个端口引脚的配置状态