实用Shell脚本

1、Dos攻击防范（自动屏蔽攻击 IP）

#!/bin/bash

DATE=$(date +%d/%b/%Y:%H:%M)

LOG_FILE=/usr/local/nginx/logs/demo2.access.log

ABNORMAL_IP=$(tail -n5000 $LOG_FILE |grep $DATE |awk '{a[$1]++}END{for(i in a)if(a[i]>10)print i}')

for IP in $ABNORMAL_IP; do

    if [ $(iptables -vnL |grep -c "$IP") -eq 0 ]; then

        iptables -I INPUT -s $IP -j DROP

        echo "$(date +'%F_%T') $IP" >> /tmp/drop_ip.log

    fi

done

2、Linux 系统发送告警脚本

# yum install mailx

# vi /etc/mail.rc

set from=baojingtongzhi@163.com smtp=smtp.163.com

set smtp-auth-user=baojingtongzhi@163.com smtp-auth-password=123456

set smtp-auth=login

3、MySQL 数据库备份单循环

#!/bin/bash

DATE=$(date +%F_%H-%M-%S)

HOST=localhost

USER=backup

PASS=123.com

BACKUP_DIR=/data/db_backup

DB_LIST=$(mysql -h$HOST -u$USER -p$PASS -s -e "show databases;" 2>/dev/null |egrep -v "Database|information_schema|mysql|performance_schema|sys")

 

for DB in $DB_LIST; do

    BACKUP_NAME=$BACKUP_DIR/${DB}_${DATE}.sql

    if ! mysqldump -h$HOST -u$USER -p$PASS -B $DB > $BACKUP_NAME 2>/dev/null; then

        echo "$BACKUP_NAME 备份失败!"

    fi

done

4、MySQL 数据库备份多循环

#!/bin/bash

DATE=$(date +%F_%H-%M-%S)

HOST=localhost

USER=backup

PASS=123.com

BACKUP_DIR=/data/db_backup

DB_LIST=$(mysql -h$HOST -u$USER -p$PASS -s -e "show databases;" 2>/dev/null |egrep -v "Database|information_schema|mysql|performance_schema|sys")

 

for DB in $DB_LIST; do

    BACKUP_DB_DIR=$BACKUP_DIR/${DB}_${DATE}

    [ ! -d $BACKUP_DB_DIR ] && mkdir -p $BACKUP_DB_DIR &>/dev/null

    TABLE_LIST=$(mysql -h$HOST -u$USER -p$PASS -s -e "use $DB;show tables;" 2>/dev/null)

    for TABLE in $TABLE_LIST; do

        BACKUP_NAME=$BACKUP_DB_DIR/${TABLE}.sql

        if ! mysqldump -h$HOST -u$USER -p$PASS $DB $TABLE > $BACKUP_NAME 2>/dev/null; then

            echo "$BACKUP_NAME 备份失败!"

        fi

    done

done

5、Nginx 访问访问日志按天切割

#!/bin/bash

LOG_DIR=/usr/local/nginx/logs

YESTERDAY_TIME=$(date -d "yesterday" +%F)

LOG_MONTH_DIR=$LOG_DIR/$(date +"%Y-%m")

LOG_FILE_LIST="default.access.log"

 

for LOG_FILE in $LOG_FILE_LIST; do

    [ ! -d $LOG_MONTH_DIR ] && mkdir -p $LOG_MONTH_DIR

    mv $LOG_DIR/$LOG_FILE $LOG_MONTH_DIR/${LOG_FILE}_${YESTERDAY_TIME}

done

 

kill -USR1 $(cat /var/run/nginx.pid)

6、Nginx 访问日志分析脚本

#!/bin/bash

# 日志格式: $remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" $status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"

LOG_FILE=$1

echo "统计访问最多的10个IP"

awk '{a[$1]++}END{print "UV:",length(a);for(v in a)print v,a[v]}' $LOG_FILE |sort -k2 -nr |head -10

echo "----------------------"

 

echo "统计时间段访问最多的IP"

awk '$4>="[01/Dec/2018:13:20:25" && $4<="[27/Nov/2018:16:20:49"{a[$1]++}END{for(v in a)print v,a[v]}' $LOG_FILE |sort -k2 -nr|head -10

echo "----------------------"

 

echo "统计访问最多的10个页面"

awk '{a[$7]++}END{print "PV:",length(a);for(v in a){if(a[v]>10)print v,a[v]}}' $LOG_FILE |sort -k2 -nr

echo "----------------------"

 

echo "统计访问页面状态码数量"

awk '{a[$7" "$9]++}END{for(v in a){if(a[v]>5)print v,a[v]}}'

7、查看网卡实时流量脚本

#!/bin/bash

NIC=$1

echo -e " In ------ Out"

while true; do

    OLD_IN=$(awk '$0~"'$NIC'"{print $2}' /proc/net/dev)

    OLD_OUT=$(awk '$0~"'$NIC'"{print $10}' /proc/net/dev)

    sleep 1

    NEW_IN=$(awk '$0~"'$NIC'"{print $2}' /proc/net/dev)

    NEW_OUT=$(awk '$0~"'$NIC'"{print $10}' /proc/net/dev)

    IN=$(printf "%.1f%s" "$((($NEW_IN-$OLD_IN)/1024))" "KB/s")

    OUT=$(printf "%.1f%s" "$((($NEW_OUT-$OLD_OUT)/1024))" "KB/s")

    echo "$IN $OUT"

    sleep 1

done

8、服务器系统配置初始化脚本

#/bin/bash

# 设置时区并同步时间

ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime

if ! crontab -l |grep ntpdate &>/dev/null ; then

    (echo "* 1 * * * ntpdate time.windows.com >/dev/null 2>&1";crontab -l) |crontab

fi

 

# 禁用selinux

sed -i '/SELINUX/{s/permissive/disabled/}' /etc/selinux/config

 

# 关闭防火墙

if egrep "7.[0-9]" /etc/redhat-release &>/dev/null; then

    systemctl stop firewalld

    systemctl disable firewalld

elif egrep "6.[0-9]" /etc/redhat-release &>/dev/null; then

    service iptables stop

    chkconfig iptables off

fi

 

# 历史命令显示操作时间

if ! grep HISTTIMEFORMAT /etc/bashrc; then

    echo 'export HISTTIMEFORMAT="%F %T `whoami` "' >> /etc/bashrc

fi

 

# SSH超时时间

if ! grep "TMOUT=600" /etc/profile &>/dev/null; then

    echo "export TMOUT=600" >> /etc/profile

fi

 

# 禁止root远程登录

sed -i 's/#PermitRootLogin yes/PermitRootLogin no/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config

 

# 禁止定时任务向发送邮件

sed -i 's/^MAILTO=root/MAILTO=""/' /etc/crontab

 

# 设置最大打开文件数

if ! grep "* soft nofile 65535" /etc/security/limits.conf &>/dev/null; then

    cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf << EOF

    * soft nofile 65535

    * hard nofile 65535

EOF

fi

 

# 系统内核优化

cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf << EOF

net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 20480

net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 20480

net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 262144

net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 20

EOF

 

# 减少SWAP使用

echo "0" > /proc/sys/vm/swappiness

 

# 安装系统性能分析工具及其他

yum install gcc make autoconf vim sysstat net-tools iostat if

 

 

 

 

9、监控 100 台服务器磁盘利用率脚本

 

 

#!/bin/bash

HOST_INFO=host.info

for IP in $(awk '/^[^#]/{print $1}' $HOST_INFO); do

    USER=$(awk -v ip=$IP 'ip==$1{print $2}' $HOST_INFO)

    PORT=$(awk -v ip=$IP 'ip==$1{print $3}' $HOST_INFO)

    TMP_FILE=/tmp/disk.tmp

    ssh -p $PORT $USER@$IP 'df -h' > $TMP_FILE

    USE_RATE_LIST=$(awk 'BEGIN{OFS="="}/^\/dev/{print $NF,int($5)}' $TMP_FILE)

    for USE_RATE in $USE_RATE_LIST; do

        PART_NAME=${USE_RATE%=*}

        USE_RATE=${USE_RATE#*=}

        if [ $USE_RATE -ge 80 ]; then

            echo "Warning: $PART_NAME Partition usage $USE_RATE%!"

        fi

    done

done