Block statement
var a = 101 { a = 1; } alert(a) //output 1
Conditional Statements
if...else
Executes a group of statements if a logical condition is true. Use the optional else clause to execute another group of statements.
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset=utf-8> <title>JavaScript if else statement : Example-1</title> </head> <body> <h1 style="color: red">JavaScript : if else statement</h1> <h3>Here the if else statement check whether the input marks is greater than 50 or not.</h3> <hr /> <form name="form1" action ="#"> Input the marks<input type="text" name="text1" value=" " /> <input type="button" value="Marks check" οnclick='marksgrade()' /> </form> <script src="if-else-example1.js"></script> </body> </html>
function marksgrade() { if (document.form1.text1.value>50) alert('Marks is greater than 50.'); else alert('Marks is less than or equal to 50.'); }
switch
Syntax
switch (expression){
case label :
statements;
break;
case label :
statements;
break;
... default : statements;
}
Parameters
expression : Value matched against label.
label : An Identifier to be matched against expression.
statements : Group of statements that are executed once if expression matches label.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset=utf-8>
<title>JavaScript Switch statement : Example-1</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="example.css">
</head>
<body>
<h1>JavaScript : switch statement</h1>
<form name="form1" action ="#">
Input Grade type : <input type="text" name="text1" value="A" />
<br /><br />
<input type="button" value="Marks check"
οnclick='marksgrade()' />
</form>
<script src="switch-statement-example1.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
function marksgrade() { grade = document.form1.text1.value; switch (grade) { case 'A+': alert("Marks >= 90"); break; case 'A': alert("Marks [ >= 80 and <90 ]"); break; case 'B+': alert("Marks [ >= 70 and <80 ]"); break; case 'B': alert("Marks [ >= 60 and <70 ]"); break; case 'C': alert("Marks < 60"); break; default: alert("Wrong grade........."); } }
Loop Statements
do while
while
for
break
continue
Object Manipulation Statements
for ... in
Iterates a specified variable over all the properties of an object
and execute one or more statements for each property of the object.
for (variable in object)
{
statements
}
Variable : Variable to iterate over every property of the object and the variable is accessible outside the loop, after completing the loop.
statements : The statement to be executed for each property of an object. For multiple statements within the loop use a block statement ({..}).
function demo() { var key, str1 = ""; // Initialize object. var student = { name : "David Rayy", classname : "V", rollno : 12 }; // Iterate the properties. for(key in student) { str1 = str1+ student[key]; } return(str1); }
Exception Handling Statement
try...catch...throw
window.onload = function() { var empcode = prompt( "Input the Employee code : (Between 3 to 8 characters):", ""); try { if (empcode.length > 8) { throw "error1"; } else if (empcode.length < 3) { throw "error2"; } } catch (err) { if (err == "error1") { alert("The Employee code length exceed 8 characters."); } if (err == "error2") { alert("The Employee code length is less than 3 characters"); } } }
Other Statements
return expression
The return statement returns a value and exits from the current function.
expression : The expression to return. If not present, function does not return a value.
const
A constant is an identifier for a simple value. The value cannot be modified during the script's execution.
The current implementation of const is a Mozilla-specific extension and is not part of ECMAScript 5.
Syntax
const varname1 = value1 , varname2 = value2,... varnameN = valueN
const height = 400; const width = 200;