LinkedList原码分析和效率分析(三）

LinkedList原码分析和效率分析(三）

查询方法:

E get(int index);

获取对应index的节点的值。

    /**
     * Returns the element at the specified position in this list.
     *
     * @param index index of the element to return
     * @return the element at the specified position in this list
     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException {@inheritDoc}
     */
    public E get(int index) {
        checkElementIndex(index);
        return node(index).item;
    }

E getFirst();

获取链表头元素

 /**
     * Returns the first element in this list.
     *
     * @return the first element in this list
     * @throws NoSuchElementException if this list is empty
     */
    public E getFirst() {
        final Node<E> f = first;
        if (f == null)
            throw new NoSuchElementException();
        return f.item;
    }

​ E getLast();

获取链表尾元素

  /**
     * Returns the last element in this list.
     *
     * @return the last element in this list
     * @throws NoSuchElementException if this list is empty
     */
    public E getLast() {
        final Node<E> l = last;
        if (l == null)
            throw new NoSuchElementException();
        return l.item;
    }

int indexOf(Object obj);

	依据obejct是否为空，分为两种情况：
然后通过在每种情况下，从头节点开始遍历LinkedList，判断是否有与object相等的元素，如果有，则返回对应的位置index，如果找不到，则返回-1。

 /**
     * Returns the index of the first occurrence of the specified element
     * in this list, or -1 if this list does not contain the element.
     * More formally, returns the lowest index {@code i} such that
     * <tt>(o==null&nbsp;?&nbsp;get(i)==null&nbsp;:&nbsp;o.equals(get(i)))</tt>,
     * or -1 if there is no such index.
     *
     * @param o element to search for
     * @return the index of the first occurrence of the specified element in
     *         this list, or -1 if this list does not contain the element
     */
// 从前向后查找，返回“值为对象(o)的节点对应的索引”  不存在就返回-1 
    public int indexOf(Object o) {
        int index = 0;
        if (o == null) {
            for (Node<E> x = first; x != null; x = x.next) {
                if (x.item == null)
                    return index;
                index++;
            }
        } else {
            for (Node<E> x = first; x != null; x = x.next) {
                if (o.equals(x.item))
                    return index;
                index++;
            }
        }
        return -1;
    }

int lastIndexOf(Object obj);

  依据obejct是否为空，分为两种情况然后通过在每种情况下，
  从头节点开始遍历LinkedList，判断是否有与object相等的元素，
  如果有，则返回对应的位置lastIndex，如果找不到，则返回-1。

  /**
     * Returns the index of the last occurrence of the specified element
     * in this list, or -1 if this list does not contain the element.
     * More formally, returns the highest index {@code i} such that
     * <tt>(o==null&nbsp;?&nbsp;get(i)==null&nbsp;:&nbsp;o.equals(get(i)))</tt>,
     * or -1 if there is no such index.
     *
     * @param o element to search for
     * @return the index of the last occurrence of the specified element in
     *         this list, or -1 if this list does not contain the element
     */
    public int lastIndexOf(Object o) {
        int index = size;
        if (o == null) {
            for (Node<E> x = last; x != null; x = x.prev) {
                index--;
                if (x.item == null)
                    return index;
            }
        } else {
            for (Node<E> x = last; x != null; x = x.prev) {
                index--;
                if (o.equals(x.item))
                    return index;
            }
        }
        return -1;
    }

boolean contains(Object obj);

判断LinkedList是否包含某一个元素。底层通过调用indexof()。
该方法主要用于计算元素在LinkedList中的位置

 /**
     * Returns {@code true} if this list contains the specified element.
     * More formally, returns {@code true} if and only if this list contains
     * at least one element {@code e} such that
     * <tt>(o==null&nbsp;?&nbsp;e==null&nbsp;:&nbsp;o.equals(e))</tt>.
     *
     * @param o element whose presence in this list is to be tested
     * @return {@code true} if this list contains the specified element
     */
    public boolean contains(Object o) {
        return indexOf(o) != -1;
    }

Object[] toArray();

	转化为数组：（没有参数）通过遍历LinkedList中的每个节点，
把值添加到数组中。

 /**
     * Returns an array containing all of the elements in this list
     * in proper sequence (from first to last element).
     *
     * <p>The returned array will be "safe" in that no references to it are
     * maintained by this list.  (In other words, this method must allocate
     * a new array).  The caller is thus free to modify the returned array.
     *
     * <p>This method acts as bridge between array-based and collection-based
     * APIs.
     *
     * @return an array containing all of the elements in this list
     *         in proper sequence
     */
    public Object[] toArray() {
        Object[] result = new Object[size];
        int i = 0;
        for (Node<E> x = first; x != null; x = x.next)
            result[i++] = x.item;
        return result;
    }

总结

LinkedList是基于双向链表实现的，即每一个节点都保存了上一个节点和下一个节点的信息

LinkedList根据索引获取元素效率低的原因是因为它需要一个节点一个节点的遍历，获取首节点和尾节点很快

LinkedList实现了Deque接口，具有双向队列的性质，可以实现数据结构中的堆栈

特征