C++函数之运算符重载（二）

C++函数之运算符重载（二）

七、友元函数的重载

1、在第一个参数需要隐式转换的情形下，使用友元函数重载
    运算符是正确的选择
2、 友元函数没有 this 指针，所需操作数都必须在参数表显式
    声明，很容易实现类型的隐式转换
3、 C++中不能用友元函数重载的运算符有
         =   （）    ［］    －>

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Complex
{ public:
Complex( double r =0, double i =0 ) { Real = r ; Image = i ; }
Complex(int a) { Real = a ; Image = 0 ; }
void print() const ;
friend Complex operator+ ( const Complex & c1, const Complex & c2 ) ;
friend Complex operator- ( const Complex & c1, const Complex & c2 ) ;
friend Complex operator- ( const Complex & c ) ;
private:
double Real, Image ;
};

Complex operator + ( const Complex & c1, const Complex & c2 )
{ double r = c1.Real + c2.Real ; double i = c1.Image+c2.Image ;
return Complex ( r, i ) ;
}
Complex operator - ( const Complex & c1, const Complex & c2 )
{ double r = c1.Real - c2.Real ; double i = c1.Image - c2.Image ;
return Complex ( r, i ) ;
}
Complex operator- ( const Complex & c )
{ return Complex ( -c.Real, - c.Image ) ; }
void Complex :: print() const
{ cout << '(' << Real << " , " << Image << ')' << endl ; }

八、运算符前置与后置

举例：

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Increase
{ public :
Increase ( ) { value=0; }
void display( ) const { cout<<value<<'\n'; } ;
Increase operator ++ ( ) ; // 前置
Increase operator ++ ( int ) ; // 后置
private: unsigned value ;
};
Increase Increase :: operator ++ ( )
{ value ++ ; return *this ; }
Increase Increase :: operator ++ ( int )
{ Increase temp; temp.value = value ++ ; return temp; }