Linux服务器断电启动后自动发送邮件

1.编写python脚本shutdown_msg.py

本人的shutdown_msg.py文件放置在目录/home/zml/etc/shutdown_msg.py下，此文件可放置于任意目录

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import smtplib
from email.header import Header
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.utils import formataddr, parseaddr
import datetime


def _format_addr(s):
    name, addr = parseaddr(s)
    return formataddr((Header(name, "utf-8").encode(), addr))


def mail(
        sender="zmlyzml@qq.com",
        password="", # 改为自己的密码
        recipients=("zmlmail2021@163.com", ),  # 可设置多个收件人
        smtp_server="smtp.qq.com",  #
        port=465,
        subject="Tsgzcpu001服务器已启动"
):
    msg = MIMEMultipart()
    msg["From"] = _format_addr("服务器管理员 <%s>" % sender)
    msg["To"] = _format_addr("管理员 <%s>" % ", ".join(list(recipients)))
    msg["Subject"] = Header(subject, "utf-8").encode()
    now_time = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
    text = f"您主机名为Tsgzcpu001的CPU服务器由于不明原因关机了，于{now_time}成功重新启动，请前往控制台重新运行程序！"
    msg.attach(MIMEText(text, "plain", "utf-8"))
    server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(smtp_server, port)
    try:
        server.login(sender, password)
        server.sendmail(sender, list(recipients), msg.as_string())
        logs = f"{sender} 给 {'; '.join(recipients)} 的邮件发送成功"
    except smtplib.SMTPException:
        logs = "Error: 无法发送邮件"
    finally:
        server.quit()
    return logs

# ubuntu设置关机时自动执行任务


if __name__ == '__main__':
    logs = mail()

2.自定义服务

在/etc/systemd/system/创建脚本文件mailshutdown.service，可用命令：

vim /etc/systemd/system/mailshutdown.service

脚本文件的内容如下：

[Unit]
Description=Run command at boot up
After=network.target
StartLimitIntervalSec=0

[Service]
Type=simple
ExecStartPre=/bin/sleep 10  # 设置10秒的延迟启动，避免因网络未准备好导致邮件发送失败
ExecStart=/usr/bin/python3 /home/zml/etc/shutdown_msg.py
# ExecStart需改为自己python的执行路径，可用which python 命令确定
# /home/zml/etc/shutdown_msg.py 需改为自己脚本的路径

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

3.加入开机启动

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl start mailshutdown.service
sudo systemctl enable mailshutdown.service

4.测试与查看

重启系统：

sudo reboot

若发送识别，可查看日志，查明原因：

sudo systemctl status mailshutdown.service