c++使用extern关键字

说明

使用extern关键字重新声明以前定义过的外部变量，以及使用c++作用域解析运算符来访问被隐藏的外部变量

代码

main.cpp

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

// external variable, defined
double warming = 0.3;

void update(double dt);
void local();

int main()
{
    cout<<"global warming is "<<warming<<" degrees.\n";
    update(0.1);
    cout<<"global warming is "<<warming<<" degrees.\n";
    local();
    cout<<"global warming is "<<warming<<" degrees.\n";

    return 0;
}

support.cpp

#include<iostream>

extern double warming; // use warming from another file

void update(double dt);
void local();

using std::cout;

void update(double dt)
{
    extern double warming;
    warming +=dt;
    cout<<"updating global warming to "<<warming;
    cout<<" degrees.\n";
}

void local()
{
    double warming = 0.8;
    cout<<"local warming = "<<warming<<" degrees.\n";
    cout<<"but global warming = "<<::warming;
    cout<<" degrees.\n";
}

输出

global warming is 0.3 degrees.
updating global warming to 0.4 degrees.
global warming is 0.4 degrees.
local warming = 0.8 degrees.
but global warming = 0.4 degrees.      
global warming is 0.4 degrees.