c++ string的size和capacity

size()表征的是字符串的长度；capacity()表征的是字符串占用的内存字符长度。甚至可以使用reserve()来自定义一个字符串的最小内存字符长度

代码

#include<iostream>
#include<string>

int main()
{
	using namespace std;
	string empty;
	string small = "yuki";
	string larger = "hablee and yuki love forever";
	cout << "Sizes:\n";
	cout << "\tempty: " << empty.size() << endl;
	cout << "\tsmall: " << small.size() << endl;
	cout << "\tlarger: " << larger.size() << endl;
	cout << "Capacities:\n";
	cout << "\tempty: " << empty.capacity() << endl;
	cout << "\tsmall: " << small.capacity() << endl;
	cout << "\tlarger: " << larger.capacity() << endl;
	empty.reserve(50);
	cout << "Capacity after empty.reserve(50): " // 50的天花板在2次幂下最小应该是64,所以应该是63(还有\0)
		<< empty.capacity() << endl;

	return 0;
}

结果

Sizes:
        empty: 0
        small: 4
        larger: 28
Capacities:
        empty: 15
        small: 15
        larger: 31
Capacity after empty.reserve(50): 63