计算Modbus报文CRC的Matlab程序

函数代码

function crc = crc_modbus(frame)
%%
% frame由Slave Adress. Function Code以及Data组成，格式为[xx;xx;xx;...]，
% xx由十六进制表示，含2个字节。
% 输出格式: crc = [CRC Lo; CRC Hi], [xx; xx]。
%%初始化
frame_dec = hex2dec(frame);
frame_bin = dec2bin(frame_dec, 16); % 将十六进制转变为二进制
initial_crc = uint8(ones(1, 16)); % CRC初始值0xFFFF
op_crc = uint8([1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1]);% 0xA001，用于异或运算
%% 利用for循环计算二进制表示的CRC
[n, ~] = size(frame);
for i = 1:n
    frame_bin_element = frame_bin(i, :);
    frame_bin_element =  frame_bin_element';
    frame_bin_element_dec = bin2dec(frame_bin_element);
    frame_bin_element_dec = frame_bin_element_dec';
    frame_crc =  uint8(frame_bin_element_dec);
    if i == 1
        crc = bitxor(initial_crc, frame_crc);
    else
        crc = bitxor (crc, frame_crc);
    end
    LSB = crc(16);
    for j = 1:8
        crc = [uint8(0), crc(1:15)];
        if LSB == 1
            crc = bitxor(crc, op_crc);
        end
        LSB = crc(16);
    end
end
%% 将二进制CRC转变为十六进制
crc_bin = dec2bin(crc);
crc_dec = bin2dec(crc_bin');
crc = dec2hex(crc_dec , 4);
crc = [crc(3:4);crc(1:2)]; % [CRC Lo; CRC Hi]
end

计算方法参考资料

MODBUS over serial line specification and implementation guide V1.02 （http://www.modbus.org）
计算原理（步骤）

1. Load a 16–bit register with FFFF hex (all 1’s). Call this the CRC register.
2. Exclusive OR the first 8–bit byte of the message with the low–order byte of the 16–bit CRC register, putting the result in the
   CRC register.
3. Shift the CRC register one bit to the right (toward the LSB), zero–filling the MSB. Extract and examine the LSB.
4. (If the LSB was 0): Repeat Step 3 (another shift).
   (If the LSB was 1): Exclusive OR the CRC register with the polynomial value 0xA001 (1010 0000 0000 0001).
5. Repeat Steps 3 and 4 until 8 shifts have been performed. When this is done, a complete 8–bit byte will have been
   processed.
6. Repeat Steps 2 through 5 for the next 8–bit byte of the message. Continue doing this until all bytes have been processed.
7. The final content of the CRC register is the CRC value.
8. When the CRC is placed into the message, its upper and lower bytes must be swapped as described below.