昨天在我把本本上把ssd格了，安装了个mint版linux进去，打算把他搭建成工作环境来使用，
下面是安装oracle instance client的过程，后面可能还要安装cx_Oracle,MysqLDB等拓展。
- 首先从官网下载oracle instance client客户端软件，这里我的系统所32位的，所以下载了32位到客户端，
共4个rpm包，由于没有现成到deb包，只能自己转，所有到包如下dba@dba ~/oracle-instantclient11.2 $ ls oracle-instantclient11.2-basic-11.2.0.3.0-1.i386.rpm oracle-instantclient11.2-devel-11.2.0.3.0-1.i386.rpm oracle-instantclient11.2-jdbc-11.2.0.3.0-1.i386.rpm oracle-instantclient11.2-sqlplus-11.2.0.3.0-1.i386.rpm
- 由于mint系统无法直接安装使用rpm包，所以这里需要使用alien把rpm包转换成deb包
dba@dba ~/oracle-instantclient11.2 $ sudo alien oracle-instantclient11.2-sqlplus-11.2.0.3.0-1.i386.rpm [sudo] password for dba: sudo: alien: command not found dba@dba ~/oracle-instantclient11.2 $ sudo apt-get install alien 正在读取软件包列表... 完成 正在分析软件包的依赖关系树 正在读取状态信息... 完成 下列软件包是自动安装的并且现在不需要了： libwxbase2.8-0 libwxgtk2.8-0 Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them. 将会安装下列额外的软件包： build-essential debhelper dh-apparmor dpkg-dev g++ g++-4.7 html2text libalgorithm-diff-perl libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl libalgorithm-merge-perl libmail-sendmail-perl librpm3 librpmbuild3 librpmio3 librpmsign1 libstdc++6-4.7-dev libsys-hostname-long-perl po-debconf rpm rpm-common rpm2cpio 建议安装的软件包： lsb-rpm dh-make debian-keyring g++-multilib g++-4.7-multilib gcc-4.7-doc libstdc++6-4.7-dbg libstdc++6-4.7-doc libmail-box-perl elfutils rpm-i18n 下列【新】软件包将被安装： alien build-essential debhelper dh-apparmor dpkg-dev g++ g++-4.7 html2text libalgorithm-diff-perl libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl libalgorithm-merge-perl libmail-sendmail-perl librpm3 librpmbuild3 librpmio3 librpmsign1 libstdc++6-4.7-dev libsys-hostname-long-perl po-debconf rpm rpm-common rpm2cpio 升级了 0 个软件包，新安装了 22 个软件包，要卸载 0 个软件包，有 18 个软件包未被升级。 需要下载 11.8 MB 的软件包。 解压缩后会消耗掉 32.1 MB 的额外空间。 您希望继续执行吗？[Y/n]y 获取：1 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring/main dpkg-dev all 1.16.10ubuntu1 [712 kB] 获取：2 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring/main html2text i386 1.3.2a-15ubuntu3 [91.2 kB] 获取：3 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring/main po-debconf all 1.0.16+nmu2ubuntu1 [210 kB] 获取：4 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring/main dh-apparmor all 2.8.0-0ubuntu11 [8,392 B] 获取：5 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring/main debhelper all 9.20120909ubuntu1 [631 kB] 获取：6 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring-updates/main librpmio3 i386 4.10.1-2.1ubuntu1.1 [78.8 kB] 获取：7 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring-updates/main librpm3 i386 4.10.1-2.1ubuntu1.1 [181 kB] 获取：8 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring-updates/main librpmbuild3 i386 4.10.1-2.1ubuntu1.1 [68.6 kB] 获取：9 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring-updates/main librpmsign1 i386 4.10.1-2.1ubuntu1.1 [8,964 B] 获取：10 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring-updates/main rpm-common i386 4.10.1-2.1ubuntu1.1 [24.7 kB] 获取：11 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring-updates/main rpm2cpio i386 4.10.1-2.1ubuntu1.1 [5,504 B] 获取：12 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring-updates/main rpm i386 4.10.1-2.1ubuntu1.1 [145 kB] 获取：13 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring/main alien all 8.88 [57.4 kB] 获取：14 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring/main libstdc++6-4.7-dev i386 4.7.3-1ubuntu1 [1,705 kB] 获取：15 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring/main g++-4.7 i386 4.7.3-1ubuntu1 [7,760 kB] 获取：16 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring/main g++ i386 4:4.7.3-1ubuntu10 [1,456 B] 获取：17 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring/main build-essential i386 11.6ubuntu4 [5,654 B] 获取：18 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring/main libalgorithm-diff-perl all 1.19.02-3 [50.0 kB] 获取：19 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring/main libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl i386 0.04-2build3 [13.1 kB] 获取：20 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring/main libalgorithm-merge-perl all 0.08-2 [12.7 kB] 获取：21 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring/main libsys-hostname-long-perl all 1.4-2 [11.4 kB] 获取：22 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring/main libmail-sendmail-perl all 0.79.16-1 [26.5 kB] 下载 11.8 MB，耗时 7秒 (1,497 kB/s) Selecting previously unselected package dpkg-dev. (正在读取数据库 ... 系统当前共安装有 147909 个文件和目录。) 正在解压缩 dpkg-dev (从 .../dpkg-dev_1.16.10ubuntu1_all.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package html2text. 正在解压缩 html2text (从 .../html2text_1.3.2a-15ubuntu3_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package po-debconf. 正在解压缩 po-debconf (从 .../po-debconf_1.0.16+nmu2ubuntu1_all.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package dh-apparmor. 正在解压缩 dh-apparmor (从 .../dh-apparmor_2.8.0-0ubuntu11_all.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package debhelper. 正在解压缩 debhelper (从 .../debhelper_9.20120909ubuntu1_all.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package librpmio3. 正在解压缩 librpmio3 (从 .../librpmio3_4.10.1-2.1ubuntu1.1_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package librpm3. 正在解压缩 librpm3 (从 .../librpm3_4.10.1-2.1ubuntu1.1_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package librpmbuild3. 正在解压缩 librpmbuild3 (从 .../librpmbuild3_4.10.1-2.1ubuntu1.1_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package librpmsign1. 正在解压缩 librpmsign1 (从 .../librpmsign1_4.10.1-2.1ubuntu1.1_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package rpm-common. 正在解压缩 rpm-common (从 .../rpm-common_4.10.1-2.1ubuntu1.1_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package rpm2cpio. 正在解压缩 rpm2cpio (从 .../rpm2cpio_4.10.1-2.1ubuntu1.1_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package rpm. 正在解压缩 rpm (从 .../rpm_4.10.1-2.1ubuntu1.1_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package alien. 正在解压缩 alien (从 .../archives/alien_8.88_all.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package libstdc++6-4.7-dev:i386. 正在解压缩 libstdc++6-4.7-dev:i386 (从 .../libstdc++6-4.7-dev_4.7.3-1ubuntu1_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package g++-4.7. 正在解压缩 g++-4.7 (从 .../g++-4.7_4.7.3-1ubuntu1_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package g++. 正在解压缩 g++ (从 .../g++_4%3a4.7.3-1ubuntu10_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package build-essential. 正在解压缩 build-essential (从 .../build-essential_11.6ubuntu4_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package libalgorithm-diff-perl. 正在解压缩 libalgorithm-diff-perl (从 .../libalgorithm-diff-perl_1.19.02-3_all.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl. 正在解压缩 libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl (从 .../libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl_0.04-2build3_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package libalgorithm-merge-perl. 正在解压缩 libalgorithm-merge-perl (从 .../libalgorithm-merge-perl_0.08-2_all.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package libsys-hostname-long-perl. 正在解压缩 libsys-hostname-long-perl (从 .../libsys-hostname-long-perl_1.4-2_all.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package libmail-sendmail-perl. 正在解压缩 libmail-sendmail-perl (从 .../libmail-sendmail-perl_0.79.16-1_all.deb) ... 正在处理用于 man-db 的触发器... 正在处理用于 mime-support 的触发器... 正在处理用于 doc-base 的触发器... Processing 1 added doc-base file... Registering documents with scrollkeeper... 正在设置 dpkg-dev (1.16.10ubuntu1) ... 正在设置 html2text (1.3.2a-15ubuntu3) ... 正在设置 po-debconf (1.0.16+nmu2ubuntu1) ... 正在设置 dh-apparmor (2.8.0-0ubuntu11) ... 正在设置 debhelper (9.20120909ubuntu1) ... 正在设置 librpmio3 (4.10.1-2.1ubuntu1.1) ... 正在设置 librpm3 (4.10.1-2.1ubuntu1.1) ... 正在设置 librpmbuild3 (4.10.1-2.1ubuntu1.1) ... 正在设置 librpmsign1 (4.10.1-2.1ubuntu1.1) ... 正在设置 rpm-common (4.10.1-2.1ubuntu1.1) ... 正在设置 rpm2cpio (4.10.1-2.1ubuntu1.1) ... 正在设置 rpm (4.10.1-2.1ubuntu1.1) ... 正在设置 alien (8.88) ... 正在设置 libstdc++6-4.7-dev:i386 (4.7.3-1ubuntu1) ... 正在设置 g++-4.7 (4.7.3-1ubuntu1) ... 正在设置 g++ (4:4.7.3-1ubuntu10) ... update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/g++ to provide /usr/bin/c++ (c++) in 自动模式 正在设置 build-essential (11.6ubuntu4) ... 正在设置 libalgorithm-diff-perl (1.19.02-3) ... 正在设置 libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl (0.04-2build3) ... 正在设置 libalgorithm-merge-perl (0.08-2) ... 正在设置 libsys-hostname-long-perl (1.4-2) ... 正在设置 libmail-sendmail-perl (0.79.16-1) ... 正在处理用于 libc-bin 的触发器... ldconfig deferred processing now taking place dba@dba ~/oracle-instantclient11.2 $ sudo alien oracle-instantclient11.2-sqlplus-11.2.0.3.0-1.i386.rpm oracle-instantclient11.2-sqlplus_11.2.0.3.0-2_i386.deb generated dba@dba ~/oracle-instantclient11.2 $ ls oracle-instantclient11.2-basic-11.2.0.3.0-1.i386.rpm oracle-instantclient11.2-devel-11.2.0.3.0-1.i386.rpm oracle-instantclient11.2-jdbc-11.2.0.3.0-1.i386.rpm oracle-instantclient11.2-sqlplus-11.2.0.3.0-1.i386.rpm oracle-instantclient11.2-sqlplus_11.2.0.3.0-2_i386.deb
- 依次生成另外三个
dba@dba ~/oracle-instantclient11.2 $ sudo alien oracle-instantclient11.2-basic-11.2.0.3.0-1.i386.rpm oracle-instantclient11.2-basic_11.2.0.3.0-2_i386.deb generated dba@dba ~/oracle-instantclient11.2 $ sudo alien oracle-instantclient11.2-devel-11.2.0.3.0-1.i386.rpm oracle-instantclient11.2-devel_11.2.0.3.0-2_i386.deb generated dba@dba ~/oracle-instantclient11.2 $ sudo alien oracle-instantclient11.2-jdbc-11.2.0.3.0-1.i386.rpm oracle-instantclient11.2-jdbc_11.2.0.3.0-2_i386.deb generated dba@dba ~/oracle-instantclient11.2 $ ls oracle-instantclient11.2-basic-11.2.0.3.0-1.i386.rpm oracle-instantclient11.2-jdbc-11.2.0.3.0-1.i386.rpm oracle-instantclient11.2-basic_11.2.0.3.0-2_i386.deb oracle-instantclient11.2-jdbc_11.2.0.3.0-2_i386.deb oracle-instantclient11.2-devel-11.2.0.3.0-1.i386.rpm oracle-instantclient11.2-sqlplus-11.2.0.3.0-1.i386.rpm oracle-instantclient11.2-devel_11.2.0.3.0-2_i386.deb oracle-instantclient11.2-sqlplus_11.2.0.3.0-2_i386.deb
- 下面开始安装生成到deb文件：
dba@dba ~/oracle-instantclient11.2 $ sudo dpkg -i oracle-instantclient11.2-basic_11.2.0.3.0-2_i386.deb Selecting previously unselected package oracle-instantclient11.2-basic. (正在读取数据库 ... 系统当前共安装有 149643 个文件和目录。) 正在解压缩 oracle-instantclient11.2-basic (从 oracle-instantclient11.2-basic_11.2.0.3.0-2_i386.deb) ... 正在设置 oracle-instantclient11.2-basic (11.2.0.3.0-2) ... 正在处理用于 libc-bin 的触发器... ldconfig deferred processing now taking place dba@dba ~/oracle-instantclient11.2 $ sudo dpkg -i oracle-instantclient11.2-devel_11.2.0.3.0-2_i386.deb Selecting previously unselected package oracle-instantclient11.2-devel. (正在读取数据库 ... 系统当前共安装有 149661 个文件和目录。) 正在解压缩 oracle-instantclient11.2-devel (从 oracle-instantclient11.2-devel_11.2.0.3.0-2_i386.deb) ... 正在设置 oracle-instantclient11.2-devel (11.2.0.3.0-2) ... dba@dba ~/oracle-instantclient11.2 $ sudo dpkg -i oracle-instantclient11.2-jdbc_11.2.0.3.0-2_i386.deb Selecting previously unselected package oracle-instantclient11.2-jdbc. (正在读取数据库 ... 系统当前共安装有 149710 个文件和目录。) 正在解压缩 oracle-instantclient11.2-jdbc (从 oracle-instantclient11.2-jdbc_11.2.0.3.0-2_i386.deb) ... 正在设置 oracle-instantclient11.2-jdbc (11.2.0.3.0-2) ... dba@dba ~/oracle-instantclient11.2 $ sudo dpkg -i oracle-instantclient11.2-sqlplus_11.2.0.3.0-2_i386.deb Selecting previously unselected package oracle-instantclient11.2-sqlplus. (正在读取数据库 ... 系统当前共安装有 149716 个文件和目录。) 正在解压缩 oracle-instantclient11.2-sqlplus (从 oracle-instantclient11.2-sqlplus_11.2.0.3.0-2_i386.deb) ... 正在设置 oracle-instantclient11.2-sqlplus (11.2.0.3.0-2) ...
- 还需要设置一下环境变量，否则会报错，添加下面几行：
dba@dba ~ $ sudo vim /etc/bash.bashrc export ORACLE_HOME=/usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin export NLS_LANG="AMERICAN_AMERICA.UTF8" export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH dba@dba ~ $ source /etc/bash.bashrc dba@dba /usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client $ sqlplus /nolog sqlplus: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory - 注意到TNS_ADMIN所在目录其实并不存在，是要自己创建
dba@dba /usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client $ ls bin lib dba@dba /usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client $ sudo mkdir -p $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
- 上面sqlplus /nolog的错误提示很明显，系统少了libaio包，给安装下即可
dba@dba ~ $ sudo apt-get install libaio-dev 正在读取软件包列表... 完成 正在分析软件包的依赖关系树 正在读取状态信息... 完成 下列软件包是自动安装的并且现在不需要了： libwxbase2.8-0 libwxgtk2.8-0 Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them. 将会安装下列额外的软件包： libaio1 下列【新】软件包将被安装： libaio-dev libaio1 升级了 0 个软件包，新安装了 2 个软件包，要卸载 0 个软件包，有 18 个软件包未被升级。 需要下载 21.3 kB 的软件包。 解压缩后会消耗掉 139 kB 的额外空间。 您希望继续执行吗？[Y/n]y 获取：1 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring/main libaio1 i386 0.3.109-3 [6,554 B] 获取：2 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ raring/main libaio-dev i386 0.3.109-3 [14.7 kB] 下载 21.3 kB，耗时 0秒 (90.8 kB/s) Selecting previously unselected package libaio1:i386. (正在读取数据库 ... 系统当前共安装有 149724 个文件和目录。) 正在解压缩 libaio1:i386 (从 .../libaio1_0.3.109-3_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package libaio-dev. 正在解压缩 libaio-dev (从 .../libaio-dev_0.3.109-3_i386.deb) ... 正在处理用于 man-db 的触发器... 正在设置 libaio1:i386 (0.3.109-3) ... 正在设置 libaio-dev (0.3.109-3) ... 正在处理用于 libc-bin 的触发器... ldconfig deferred processing now taking place dba@dba ~ $ sqlplus /nolog SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on ���ڶ� 11�� 5 11:26:42 2013 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved. SQL>
看到已经可以进入，安装完成。
后面会介绍给python安装cx_Oracle 以及MysqlDB模块
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