C++学习笔记（Day4 C++系统函数 实验三函数的应用）

系统函数

C++的系统库中提供了几百个函数可供程序员使用，例如：
        求平方根函数（sprt）
        求绝对值函数（abs）
使用系统函数时要包含相应的头文件，例如：
        cmath

例 3-17 系统函数应用举例
题目： 
         从键盘输入一个角度值，求出该角度的正弦值、余弦值和正切值。
分析：
         系统函数中提供了求正弦值、余弦值和正切值的函数：sin()、cos()、tan()，函数的说明在头文件 cmath 中。

#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
using namespace  std;
const double PI = 3.14159265358979;

int main() {
    double angle;
    cout << "Enter a angle: ";
    cin >> angle;//输入角度值
    double radian = angle * PI/180;//转为弧度；
    cout << "sin(" << angle << ")= " << sin(radian) << endl;
    cout << "cos(" << angle << ")= " << cos(radian) << endl;
    cout << "tan(" << angle << ")= " << tan(radian) << endl;
    return 0;
}

斐波那契级数

#include <iostream>
using namespace  std;

int fib(int n);
int main() {
    int n,answer;
    cout << "Enter number: ";
    cin >> n ;
    cout << "\n\n";
    answer = fib(n);
    cout << answer << " is the " << n <<"th Fibonacci number  "   <<"\n";
    return 0;
}
int fib(int n){
    cout << "Processing fib(" << n << ")....";
    if(n < 3){
        cout << "Return 1!\n";
        return 1;
    }
    else{
        cout << "Call fib(" << n-2 <<")and fib(" << n-1 <<").\n";
        return (fib(n-2)+fib(n-1));
    }
}

 理解过程：

重载函数实验

例 判断大小

需要注意的是双精度数的比较

#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
using namespace  std;

int max1(int a,int b){
    if(a > b){
        return a;
    }
    else{
        return b;
    }
}
int max1(int a,int b,int c){
    return max1(max1(a,b),c);
}
double max1(double a,double b){
    //判断两个双精度数的最大值，由于存储方式，不能简单的通过比较来得到结果
    //常见的处理方式：用来比较两个浮点数近似相等的方法
    if(abs(a-b > 1e-10)){
        return a;
    }
    else{
        return b;
    }
}
double max1(double a,double b,double c){
    return max1(max1(a,b),c);
}
int main() {
    int a,b,c;
    cout <<"Enter three integers:";
    cin >> a >> b >> c;
    cout <<"max of "<< a <<" , "<< b << " is " << max1(a,b) << endl;
    cout <<"max of "<< a <<" , " << b <<" , " << c << " is " << max1(a,b,c) << endl;
    cout << "\n\n";
    double x,y,z;
    cout <<"Enter three doubles:";
    cin >> x >> y >> z;
    cout <<"max of "<< x <<" , "<< y << " is " << max1(x,y) << endl;
    cout <<"max of "<< x <<" , "<< y << " , " << z << " is " << max1(x,y,z) << endl;
    return 0;
}