//---
注意 在创建子窗口时CreateWindow中的有个参数是用的
((LPCREATESTRUCT) lParam)->hInstance,
The instance handle parameter of the CreateWindow call looks a little strange,
but we're taking advantage of the fact that during a WM_CREATE message lParam is
actually a pointer to a structure of type CREATESTRUCT ("creation structure")
that has a member hInstance. So we cast lParam into a pointer to a CREATESTRUCT structure and get hInstance out.
(Some Windows programs use a global variable named hInst to give window procedures access
to the instance handle available in WinMain. In WinMain, you need to simply set
hInst = hInstance ;
before creating the main window. In the CHECKER3 program in Chapter 7,
we used GetWindowLong to obtain this instance handle:
GetWindowLong (hwnd, GWL_HINSTANCE)
Any of these methods is fine.)
在WM_CREATE消息中,lparam实际是 LPCREATESTRUCT指针.
该结构体的成员中就包含了应用程序的hInstance,以及常用的坐标(cy,cx,y,x)
typedef struct tagCREATESTRUCTW {
LPVOID lpCreateParams;
HINSTANCE hInstance;
HMENU hMenu;
HWND hwndParent;
int cy;
int cx;
int y;
int x;
LONG style;
LPCWSTR lpszName;
LPCWSTR lpszClass;
DWORD dwExStyle;
} CREATESTRUCTW, *LPCREATESTRUCTW;
#ifdef UNICODE
typedef CREATESTRUCTW CREATESTRUCT;
typedef LPCREATESTRUCTW LPCREATESTRUCT;
#else
typedef CREATESTRUCTA CREATESTRUCT;
typedef LPCREATESTRUCTA LPCREATESTRUCT;
#endif // UNICODE
*/
//---
/*----------------------------------------
BTNLOOK.C -- Button Look Program
(c) Charles Petzold, 1998
----------------------------------------*/
#include <windows.h>
//button window styles and descriptive text strings for each of the 10 types of buttons.
// After the CreateWindow call, we needn't do anything more with these child windows.
//The button window procedure within Windows maintains the buttons for us and handles all repainting jobs.
//(The exception is the button with the BS_OWNERDRAW style; as I'll discuss later,
//this button style requires the program to draw the button.)
struct
{
int iStyle ;
TCHAR * szText ;
}
button[] =
{
BS_PUSHBUTTON, TEXT ("PUSHBUTTON"),
BS_DEFPUSHBUTTON, TEXT ("DEFPUSHBUTTON"),
BS_CHECKBOX, TEXT ("CHECKBOX"),
BS_AUTOCHECKBOX, TEXT ("AUTOCHECKBOX"),
BS_RADIOBUTTON, TEXT ("RADIOBUTTON"),
BS_3STATE, TEXT ("3STATE"),
BS_AUTO3STATE, TEXT ("AUTO3STATE"),
BS_GROUPBOX, TEXT ("GROUPBOX"),
BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON, TEXT ("AUTORADIOBUTTON"),
BS_OWNERDRAW, TEXT ("OWNERDRAW") // 这个button style 特别,它
} ;
#define NUM (sizeof button / sizeof button[0])
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM) ;
int WINAPI WinMain (HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
PSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow)
{
static TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT ("BtnLook") ;
HWND hwnd ;
MSG msg ;
WNDCLASS wndclass ;
wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW ;
wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc ;
wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0 ;
wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0 ;
wndclass.hInstance = hInstance ;
wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon (NULL, IDI_APPLICATION) ;
wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor (NULL, IDC_ARROW) ;
wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH) GetStockObject (WHITE_BRUSH) ;
wndclass.lpszMenuName = NULL ;
wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppName ;
if (!RegisterClass (&wndclass))
{
MessageBox (NULL, TEXT ("This program requires Windows NT!"),
szAppName, MB_ICONERROR) ;
return 0 ;
}
hwnd = CreateWindow (szAppName, TEXT ("Button Look"),
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL) ;
ShowWindow (hwnd, iCmdShow) ;
UpdateWindow (hwnd) ;
while (GetMessage (&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
{
TranslateMessage (&msg) ;
DispatchMessage (&msg) ;
}
return msg.wParam ;
}
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
static HWND hwndButton[NUM] ;
static RECT rect ;
static TCHAR szTop[] = TEXT ("message wParam lParam"),
szUnd[] = TEXT ("_______ ______ ______"),
szFormat[] = TEXT ("%-16s%04X-%04X %04X-%04X"),
szBuffer[50] ;
static int cxChar, cyChar ;
HDC hdc ;
PAINTSTRUCT ps ;
int i ;
switch (message)
{
case WM_CREATE :
// a function named GetDialogBaseUnits to obtain the width and height of the characters in the default font.
//The function returns a 32-bit value comprising a width in the low word and a height in the high word.
// GetTextMetrics function 也可以.
cxChar = LOWORD (GetDialogBaseUnits ()) ; // width
cyChar = HIWORD (GetDialogBaseUnits ()) ; // height
for (i = 0 ; i < NUM ; i++)
hwndButton[i] = CreateWindow ( TEXT("button"),
button[i].szText,
WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | button[i].iStyle,
cxChar, cyChar * (1 + 2 * i),
20 * cxChar, 7 * cyChar / 4,
hwnd,
(HMENU) i, // 强制转换为菜单ID
((LPCREATESTRUCT) lParam)->hInstance,
NULL
) ;
return 0 ;
case WM_SIZE :
rect.left = 24 * cxChar ; // 24个cxChar的宽度的位置
rect.top = 2 * cyChar ; // 高
rect.right = LOWORD (lParam) ;
rect.bottom = HIWORD (lParam) ;
return 0 ;
case WM_PAINT :
InvalidateRect (hwnd, &rect, TRUE) ;
hdc = BeginPaint (hwnd, &ps) ;
SelectObject (hdc, GetStockObject (SYSTEM_FIXED_FONT)) ;
SetBkMode (hdc, TRANSPARENT) ;
TextOut (hdc, 24 * cxChar, cyChar, szTop, lstrlen (szTop)) ;
TextOut (hdc, 24 * cxChar, cyChar, szUnd, lstrlen (szUnd)) ;
EndPaint (hwnd, &ps) ;
return 0 ;
case WM_DRAWITEM :
case WM_COMMAND :
/*
在WM_COMMAND消息中, wParam,lParam中包含的数据如下
LOWORD (wParam) : Child window ID
HIWORD (wParam): Notification code
lParam: Child window handle
Button Notification Code Identifier ---- Value
BN_CLICKED: 0
BN_PAINT: 1
BN_HILITE or BN_PUSHED: 2
BN_UNHILITE or BN_UNPUSHED: 3
BN_DISABLE:4
BN_DOUBLECLICKED or BN_DBLCLK: 5
BN_SETFOCUS: 6
BN_KILLFOCUS: 7
*/
// 滚动窗口
ScrollWindow (hwnd, 0, -cyChar, &rect, &rect) ;
hdc = GetDC (hwnd) ;
SelectObject (hdc, GetStockObject (SYSTEM_FIXED_FONT)) ;
TextOut (hdc, 24 * cxChar, cyChar * (rect.bottom / cyChar - 1),
szBuffer,
wsprintf (szBuffer, szFormat,
message == WM_DRAWITEM ? TEXT ("WM_DRAWITEM") :
TEXT ("WM_COMMAND"),
HIWORD (wParam), LOWORD (wParam),
HIWORD (lParam), LOWORD (lParam))) ;
ReleaseDC (hwnd, hdc) ;
ValidateRect (hwnd, &rect) ;
break ;
case WM_DESTROY :
PostQuitMessage (0) ;
return 0 ;
}
return DefWindowProc (hwnd, message, wParam, lParam) ;
}