整体思路
Spring Mvc通过HandlerMapping返回执行链。在Spring容器中有多中不同的HandlerMapping实现,其对应不同的映射配置方式。在使用@RequestMapping注解时,SpringMvc通过RequestMappingHandlerMapping类的Bean解析、注册、缓存映射关系,并提供匹配执行链的功能。
RequestMappingHandlerMapping
1 解析 url-method 映射关系 思路
RequestMappingHandlerMapping实现了InitializingBean接口,在其初始化时执行afterPropertiesSet方法。在此方法中其遍历ApplicationContext中所有Bean,通过反射判断其类型Class上是否有@Controller或@RequestMapping注解。
若Class上有此类注解说明这个Bean是Controller。则执行detectHandlerMethods(beanName)方法,反射(clazz.getMethods())并遍历此Bean的Method[],通过反射method.getAnnotation(RequestMapping)判断并获取方法上标注的@RequestMapping配置信息。将@RequestMapping信息封装成RequestMappingInfo,将此method封装成HandlerMethod。注册到RequestMappingHandlerMapping的mappingRegistry中。
2 注册并缓存 url-method 映射关系
RequestMappingHandlerMapping中的mappingRegistry对象中成员变量:各种Map还有一个读写锁。
mappingRegistry的各个主要变量
3 接收请求在RequestMappingHandlerMapping中查找返回映射
通过request的请求URL从urlLookup中找到对应RequestMappingInfo,再通过RequestMappingInfo在mappingLookup中找到HandlerMethod。HandlerMethod为url对应的@RequestMapping标注执行方法。
解析注册具体实现
WebConfig上使用了@EnableWebMvc注解,这个注解导入了DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration配置,在DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration的父类WebMvcConfigurationSupport创建了RequestMappingHandlerMapping。
@Bean
public RequestMappingHandlerMapping requestMappingHandlerMapping() {
RequestMappingHandlerMapping mapping = createRequestMappingHandlerMapping();
//...省略属性设置
return mapping;
}
RequestMappingHandlerMapping加载@RequestMapping
我一开始也不知道创建RequestMappingHandlerMapping作用,后来看到它的类图就明白加载过程。
RequestMappingHandlerMapping的父类实现了InitializingBean,那么在初始化的时候就会调用afterPropertiesSet方法。看下父类afterPropertiesSet的实现:
@Override
public void afterPropertiesSet() {
initHandlerMethods();
}
protected void initHandlerMethods() {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Looking for request mappings in application context: " + getApplicationContext());
}
//detectHandlerMethodsInAncestorContexts默认false,所以是得到所有的beanNames
String[] beanNames = (this.detectHandlerMethodsInAncestorContexts ?
BeanFactoryUtils.beanNamesForTypeIncludingAncestors(getApplicationContext(), Object.class) :
getApplicationContext().getBeanNamesForType(Object.class));
for (String beanName : beanNames) {
if (!beanName.startsWith(SCOPED_TARGET_NAME_PREFIX)) {
Class<?> beanType = null;
try {
beanType = getApplicationContext().getType(beanName);
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
// An unresolvable bean type, probably from a lazy bean - let's ignore it.
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Could not resolve target class for bean with name '" + beanName + "'", ex);
}
}
//2. isHandler由子类实现
if (beanType != null && isHandler(beanType)) {
//3. 查找controller中有@RequestMapping注解的方法,并注册到请求
detectHandlerMethods(beanName);
}
}
}
//空方法
handlerMethodsInitialized(getHandlerMethods());
}
afterPropertiesSet实现交给了initHandlerMethods,initHandlerMethods的执行流程如下:
- 得到所有的beanName
- 遍历beanNames,调用isHandler判断bean是不是一个controller,isHandler由子类实现,RequestMappingHandlerMapping的实现如下,判断bean中有没有Controller或RequestMapping
@Override
protected boolean isHandler(Class<?> beanType) {
return (AnnotatedElementUtils.hasAnnotation(beanType, Controller.class) ||
AnnotatedElementUtils.hasAnnotation(beanType, RequestMapping.class));
}
- 查找controller中有@RequestMapping注解的方法,并注册到请求容器中
protected void detectHandlerMethods(final Object handler) {
//1. 得到controller真实类型
Class<?> handlerType = (handler instanceof String ?
getApplicationContext().getType((String) handler) : handler.getClass());
final Class<?> userType = ClassUtils.getUserClass(handlerType);
//3. 封装所有的Method和RequestMappingInfo到Map中
Map<Method, T> methods = MethodIntrospector.selectMethods(userType,
new MethodIntrospector.MetadataLookup<T>() {
@Override
public T inspect(Method method) {
try {
//2. 根据方法上的@RequestMapping信息构建RequestMappingInfo
return getMappingForMethod(method, userType);
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Invalid mapping on handler class [" +
userType.getName() + "]: " + method, ex);
}
}
});
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug(methods.size() + " request handler methods found on " + userType + ": " + methods);
}
for (Map.Entry<Method, T> entry : methods.entrySet()) {
Method invocableMethod = AopUtils.selectInvocableMethod(entry.getKey(), userType);
T mapping = entry.getValue();
//4. 将RequestMappingInfo注册到请求容器中
registerHandlerMethod(handler, invocableMethod, mapping);
}
}
detectHandlerMethods是加载请求核心方法,执行流程如下:
(1) 得到controller真实类型,controller可能被代理
(2) 根据方法上的@RequestMapping信息构建RequestMappingInfo,由RequestMappingHandlerMapping实现。从代码上可以看出,必须方法上声明@RequestMapping,类上的@RequestMapping才会生效。
@Override
protected RequestMappingInfo getMappingForMethod(Method method, Class<?> handlerType) {
//1. 根据方法上的@RequestMapping创建RequestMappingInfo
RequestMappingInfo info = createRequestMappingInfo(method);
if (info != null) {
//2. 查找类上是否有@RequestMapping,如果有则和方法上的组合
RequestMappingInfo typeInfo = createRequestMappingInfo(handlerType);
if (typeInfo != null) {
info = typeInfo.combine(info);
}
}
return info;
}
- 封装所有的Method和RequestMappingInfo到Map中
- 将RequestMappingInfo注册到请求容器中
protected void registerHandlerMethod(Object handler, Method method, T mapping) {
this.mappingRegistry.register(mapping, handler, method);
}
这里就不再分析register方法的实现过程,主要是根据handler,method封装成HandlerMethod,再请求的时候会得到HandlerMethod,然后反射调用。