HttpUrlConnection完成获取网页内容，图片，下载图片实例

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-29 10:27:42 发布

intoSunshine

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-29 10:27:42 发布

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分类专栏： Android 网络技术文章标签： andoid httpurlconnection-线程 androidstudio教程

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/shaochen2015821426/article/details/79528953

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##Http请求:

Http请求是客户端和服务器端之间，发送请求和返回应答的标准（TCP）,客户端发送一个Http请求后，就与服务器建立起了TCP连接，服务端接收到请求并进行处理后返回给客户端相应数据。

##HttpUrlConnection：

HttpUrlConnetion是Java的标准指定网站发送GET请求、POST请求类，继承UrlConnection，可用于向指定网站发送GET请求，POST请求，在使用上相对简单，并且易于扩展。

##如何使用HttpUrlConnection（类比新建一条山泉到家里）：
####1、创建URL对象（找水源）

 URL url = new URL("https://www.csdn.net/");

####2、通过URL对象调用openconnection（）获取HttpURLConnection对象（建大坝打开水闸）

HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

####3、HttpURLConnextion对象调用getinputStream（）向服务器发送http请求，并获取服务器返回的输入流（建管道输送水）

InputStream inputStream = httpURLConnection.getInputStream();

####4、创建InputStreamReader，存贮输入流（建水池，存水）

InputStreamReader  inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream,"UTF-8");

####5、创建BufferedReader，读取数据（用水桶使用水）

BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader);

##使用 HttpURLConnection获取http请求（以访问csdn网站为列）
####1、修改布局文件，绑定按钮id

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context="com.example.administrator.myapplication.HttpActivity">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/http_btn"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:text="button 1"/>

</LinearLayout>

####2、将按钮设置监听，使用创建线程调用自定义方法，在里面进行http请求，打印获取的网页值

public class HttpActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private static final String TAG = "HttpActivity";

    private Button button1;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_http);

        button1 = findViewById(R.id.http_btn);
        button1.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                new Thread(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                     myHttpConnection();
                    }
                }).start();
            }
        });
    }

    private void myHttpConnection() {
        try {
            URL url = new URL("https://csdn.net/");
            HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            InputStream inputStream = httpURLConnection.getInputStream();
            InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream,"UTF-8");
            BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader);
            //创建StringBuffer，用来接收输入流的读取内容
            StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
            String temp = null;
            //通过while语句不断的读取数据放入stringbuffer
            while((temp=bufferedReader.readLine())!=null){
                stringBuffer.append(temp);
            }
            bufferedReader.close();
            inputStreamReader.close();
            inputStream.close();
            Log.e(TAG, stringBuffer+"++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++" );
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}

####3、添加网络权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

####4、打印内容
这里写图片描述
##使用HttpURLConnection实现加载图片实例
####1、创建一个按钮和一个imageview，绑定id

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context="com.example.myapplication2.DownImageActivity">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/download_downlaod_btn"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:text="down_btn" />

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/downlaod_show_imagv"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent" />


</LinearLayout>

####2、创建DownImageActivity，对按钮进行监听，触动按钮时调用AsyncTask执行耗时操作—加载图片

public class DownImageActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private Button downloadBtn;
    private ImageView showImagv;


    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_down_image);

        bangID();

        downloadBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                //创建类完成加载在线图片的功能，传入showImagv用于赋值图片
                ImageDownload imageDownload = new ImageDownload(showImagv);
                //将需要加载的图片地址通过execute（）方法发送给doinbackgrond（）方法
                imageDownload.execute("https://ss0.bdstatic.com/70cFvHSh_Q1YnxGkpoWK1HF6hhy/it/u=574643212,490700156&fm=27&gp=0.jpg");
            }
        });
    }

    private void bangID() {
        downloadBtn = findViewById(R.id.download_downlaod_btn);
        showImagv = findViewById(R.id.downlaod_show_imagv);
    }
}

####在ImageDownload中实现在线图片的加载

public class ImageDownload extends AsyncTask<String,Integer,Bitmap>{

    private ImageView showImagv;
    //创建构造方法接收传入的imageview
    ImageDownload(ImageView imageView){
        this.showImagv = imageView;

    }

    @Override
    protected Bitmap doInBackground(String... strings) {

        Bitmap showBitmap= null;

        try {
            //创建URL对象，获取网址
            URL url = new URL(strings[0]);
            //打开连接
            HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            //接收输入流
            InputStream inputStream = httpURLConnection.getInputStream();
            //将输入流转换为bitmap赋值
            showBitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(inputStream);
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        return showBitmap;
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPostExecute(Bitmap bitmap) {
        super.onPostExecute(bitmap);
        //设置imageview
        showImagv.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
    }
}

####成果展现
这里写图片描述
##使用HttpURLConnection实现下载图片实例
####1、修改布局文件，添加progressbar，按钮和imageview
修改布局文件，添加progressbar，按钮和imageview

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="com.example.myapplication2.DownloadShowActivity">

    <ProgressBar
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        style="?android:attr/progressBarStyleHorizontal"
        android:id="@+id/downloadshow_pb"/>

    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/downloadshow_btn"
        android:text="下载图片"/>

    <ImageView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:id="@+id/downloadshow_imagev"/>

</LinearLayout>

####2、创建自定义类继承AsyncTask，完成对图片的下载，同时更新进度条

public class ImageDownload extends AsyncTask<String, Integer, Integer> {

    private Context context;
    private Button downloadBtn;
    private ImageView imageView;
    //这两个变量是定义文件将要下载的文件路劲的
    private String rootPath;
    private String fileName;
    
    private ProgressBar progressBar;
    private Bitmap bitmap;

    //通过构造方法将activity中需要的控件，context传过来
    public ImageDownload(Context context, Button downloadBtn, ImageView imageView, String fileName,ProgressBar progressBar) {
        this.context = context;
        this.downloadBtn = downloadBtn;
        this.imageView = imageView;
        //获取文件夹的路径
        rootPath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/picture_dir/";
        //接收传过来的文件名
        this.fileName = fileName;
        this.progressBar = progressBar;

    }

    @Override
    protected void onPreExecute() {
        super.onPreExecute();
        downloadBtn.setEnabled(false);
        downloadBtn.setText("正在下载图片");
    }

    @Override
    protected Integer doInBackground(String... strings) {
        //首先判断该路径下是否存在文件
        if (isExistFile(rootPath + fileName)) {
            return 0;
        }

        InputStream inputStream = null;
        OutputStream outputStream = null;

        try {
            URL url = new URL(strings[0]);
            HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            //当httpURLConnection.getResponseCode() == 200则说明联网成功
            if (httpURLConnection.getResponseCode() == 200) {
                inputStream = httpURLConnection.getInputStream();
                publishProgress(1, httpURLConnection.getContentLength());
            } else {
                publishProgress(0);
            }
            //创建文件的根目录
            CreateDir(rootPath);
            File file = null;
            //创建文件
            file = CreateFile(rootPath + fileName);
            outputStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
            //使用byte【】数组来接收输入流
            byte buffer[] = new byte[4 * 1024];
            int length = 0;
            int sum = 0;
            while ((length = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
                outputStream.write(buffer, 0, length);
                sum += length;
                //实时发送进度条
                publishProgress(2, sum);
            }
            outputStream.close();
            inputStream.close();
            outputStream.close();
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }


        return 1;
    }

    //判断文件的状态
    @Override
    protected void onPostExecute(Integer integer) {
        super.onPostExecute(integer);
        switch (integer) {
            case 0:
                //第二次按按钮时
                downloadBtn.setText("下载完成");
                downloadBtn.setEnabled(true);
                bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(rootPath + fileName);
                imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
                Toast.makeText(context, "存在此文件", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                break;
            case 1:
                //第一次下载时
                downloadBtn.setText("下载完成");
                downloadBtn.setEnabled(true);
                //通过文件的路径解析转换成为bitmap图片
                bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(rootPath + fileName);
                imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
                break;
            default:
        }
    }
    //更新进度条
    @Override
    protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... values) {
        super.onProgressUpdate(values);
        switch (values[0]) {
            case 0:
                Toast.makeText(context,"网络连接异常",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                break;
            case 1:
                progressBar.setMax(values[1]);

                break;
            case 2:
                progressBar.setProgress(values[1]);
                break;
            default:
        }

    }

    private boolean isExistFile(String s) {
        File file = new File(s);
        if (file.exists()) {
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    private boolean CreateDir(String rootPath) {
        File file = new File(rootPath);
        boolean isCreateDir = file.mkdir();
        return isCreateDir;

    }

    private File CreateFile(String s) {
        File file = new File(s);
        try {
            file.createNewFile();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return file;

    }


}

####3、在activity调用自定义类，启动子线程，同时添加动态获取权限代码
#####Android6.0权限分配可阅读这篇博客
Android6.0权限分配链接

public class DownloadShowActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private ProgressBar progressBar ;
    private Button downloadBtn;
    private ImageView imageView;
    private String TAG = "DownloadShow2Activity";
    private PermissionHelper permissionHelper;


    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_download_show);

        bangID();

        downloadBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                permissionHelper = new PermissionHelper(DownloadShowActivity.this, new String[]{ Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, 100);
                permissionHelper.request(new PermissionHelper.PermissionCallback() {
                    @Override
                    public void onPermissionGranted() {
                        //通过调用构造方法传值
                        ImageDownload imageDownload = new ImageDownload(DownloadShowActivity.this,downloadBtn,imageView,"aaapic.jpg",progressBar);
                        //启动线程
                        imageDownload.execute("https://ss0.bdstatic.com/70cFvHSh_Q1YnxGkpoWK1HF6hhy/it/u=574643212,490700156&fm=27&gp=0.jpg");

                        Log.d(TAG, "onPermissionGranted() called");
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void onIndividualPermissionGranted(String[] grantedPermission) {
                        Log.d(TAG, "onIndividualPermissionGranted() called with: grantedPermission = [" + TextUtils.join(",",grantedPermission) + "]");
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void onPermissionDenied() {
                        Log.d(TAG, "onPermissionDenied() called");
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void onPermissionDeniedBySystem() {
                        Log.d(TAG, "onPermissionDeniedBySystem() called");
                    }
                });

            }
        });
    }
    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        if (permissionHelper != null) {
            permissionHelper.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        }
    }

    private void bangID() {
        progressBar = findViewById(R.id.downloadshow_pb);
        downloadBtn = findViewById(R.id.downloadshow_btn);
        imageView = findViewById(R.id.downloadshow_imagev);

    }
}

####4、效果展现
这里写图片描述