代码随想录跟练打卡Day7

454.四数相加II         

解题思路：

• 四个数相加，先用两个循环让两个数相加，写入字典，再循环另外两个数组，判断0-和是否在第一个字典中，如果在，则count+=dict[key]，注意不是count+1,因为重复的也算。

• class Solution:
      def fourSumCount(self, nums1: List[int], nums2: List[int], nums3: List[int], nums4: List[int]) -> int:
          dict={}
          k = 0 
          for i in nums1:
              for j in nums2:
                  dict[i+j]= dict.get(i+j,0)+1
          count = 0
          for k in nums3:
              for l in nums4:
                  mid =0 - (k+l)
                  if mid in dict:
                      count += dict[mid]
          return count

383. 赎金信 

• 解题思路：首先记录杂志中每个字母出现的个数到字典中
• 再循环赎金信中的字母，如果不在则返回假，注意还有一种情况是字母用完即count[key]=0
• 如果存在，则count[key]-=1需要用掉一个字母；

• class Solution:
      def canConstruct(self, ransomNote: str, magazine: str) -> bool:
          count = {}
          for s in magazine:
              count[s]=count.get(s,0)+1
          for s in ransomNote:
              if s not in count or count[s]==0:
                  return False 
              count[s]-=1
          return True

 15. 三数之和 

• class Solution:
      def threeSum(self, nums: List[int]) -> List[List[int]]:
          nums= sorted(nums)
          count=[]
          for i in range(len(nums)):
              if nums[i]>0:
                  return count
              if i>0 and nums[i]==nums[i-1]:
                  continue
  
              left = i+1
              right = len(nums)-1
              
              while left<right:
                  sum = nums[i]+nums[left]+nums[right]
                  if sum > 0:
                      right -= 1
                  elif sum < 0:
                      left += 1
                  else:
                      count.append([nums[i],nums[left],nums[right]])
                      while left<right and nums[left]==nums[left+1]:
                          left +=1
                      while left<right and nums[right]==nums[right-1]:
                          right -=1
                      right -=1
                      left +=1
             
          return count

•  18. 四数之和 
  • ​​​​​​​​​​​​​解题关键：在三数之和的基础上套两层for循环，注意第二层for循环的去重条件

  • class Solution:
        def fourSum(self, nums: List[int], target: int) -> List[List[int]]:
            nums = sorted(nums)
            result = []
            n = len(nums)
            for i in range(n):
                if i >0 and nums[i]==nums[i-1]:
                    continue
                for j in range(i+1,n):
                    if j >i+1 and nums[j]==nums[j-1]:
                        continue
                    left = j+1 
                    right = n-1
                    while left<right:
                        sums= nums[i]+nums[j]+nums[left]+nums[right]
                        if sums>target:
                            right-=1
                        elif sums<target:
                            left+=1
                        else:
                            result.append([nums[i],nums[j],nums[left],nums[right]])
                            while left<right and nums[left]==nums[left+1]:
                                left+=1
                            while left<right and nums[right]==nums[right-1]:
                                right-=1
                            left += 1
                            right -=1
            return result