Linux MMC子系统（1）-- MMC Host层（2.6.28)

Linux 的 MMC驱动主要管理MMC卡/SD卡，从上到下分为了MMC设备层，MMC Core层，MMC Host层，Host层负责底层硬件：

如下：
        /dev下设备文件访问MMC/SD/SDIO
用户空间             |
---------------------|-----------------------------------------------------
内核空间            \ /
         MMC Card层(对应具体的设备驱动，如MMC/SD卡块设备驱动，SDIO UART)
                     |
                    \ /
          MMC core层(为上次设备驱动实现提供操作接口，和下层host注册提供机制)
                     |
                    \ /
           Host层(具体MMC/SD/SDIO控制器驱动层。如S3C2440 MMC/SD控制器驱动)
                     |
                    \ /
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
                    硬件层

这节主要介绍MMC Host层，以S3C2440驱动为例，文件/drivers/mmc/host/s3cmci.c 文件实现的接口。

MMC Core与Host层的沟通桥梁为：

struct mmc_host {

         structdevice             *parent;

         structdevice             class_dev;

         int                       index;

         const  struct mmc_host_ops *ops;             //Host层需要实现的接口

         unsignedint              f_min;

         unsignedint              f_max;

         u32                     ocr_avail;

         unsignedlong           caps;                  /* Host capabilities */

         /*host specific block data */

         unsignedint              max_seg_size;         /* see blk_queue_max_segment_size */

         unsignedshort                   max_hw_segs;         /* see blk_queue_max_hw_segments */

         unsignedshort                   max_phys_segs;      /* see blk_queue_max_phys_segments */

         unsignedshort                   unused;

         unsignedint              max_req_size;          /* maximum number of bytes in one req*/

         unsignedint              max_blk_size; /* maximum size of one mmc block */

         unsignedint              max_blk_count;       /* maximum number of blocks in one req */

         /*private data */

         spinlock_t                  lock;          /* lock for claim and bus ops */

         structmmc_ios                 ios;            /* current io bus settings */

         u32                     ocr;           /* the current OCR setting */

         /*group bitfields together to minimize padding */

         unsignedint              use_spi_crc:1;

         unsignedint              claimed:1;        /* host exclusively claimed */

         unsignedint              bus_dead:1;     /* bus has been released */

         structmmc_card              *card;                /* device attached to this host*/

         wait_queue_head_t         wq;

         structdelayed_work        detect;

         conststruct mmc_bus_ops *bus_ops;   /* currentbus driver */

         unsignedint              bus_refs; /* reference counter */

         unsignedint              sdio_irqs;

         structtask_struct   *sdio_irq_thread;

         atomic_t           sdio_irq_thread_abort;

         structdentry             *debugfs_root;

         unsignedlong           private[0]____cacheline_aligned;

};

struct mmc_host_ops {
    /*使能和禁止HOST控制器*/
    int (*enable)(struct mmc_host *host);
    int (*disable)(struct mmc_host *host, int lazy);
    
        /*这个是关键的函数，所有对MMC/SD的操作，包括发命令和读数据，都通过该接口来实现，所以实现该接口时要处理是命令还是数据操作，另外要考虑是否使用DMA来进行数据传输。/用于命令和数据的发送接收    */
    void    (*request)(struct mmc_host *host, struct mmc_request *req);
        /*用来设置MMC/SD的时钟，电压等操作IO,初始化的操作*/
    void    (*set_ios)(struct mmc_host *host, struct mmc_ios *ios);
        /*检查MMC/SD是否写保护了    */
    int    (*get_ro)(struct mmc_host *host);
        /*检查mmc/sd的插入和拔出    */
    int    (*get_cd)(struct mmc_host *host);
    void    (*enable_sdio_irq)(struct mmc_host *host, int enable);
    /* optional callback for HC quirks */
    void    (*init_card)(struct mmc_host *host, struct mmc_card *card);
};

那么在s3cmci.c文件中 根据以上接口分别进行了实现，以上的mm_host通过Core层的mmc_add_host函数添加下面一节介绍Core层