Centos7/RHEL7中的ifconfig、netstat、route几个常用指令不见了？

Centos7/RHEL7中的ifconfig、netstat、route几个常用指令不见了？

Centos7和RHEL7最小安装中竟然没有我最常用的ifconfig和netstat

ifconfig

-bash: ifconfig: command not found

很好，原来centos/rhel准备把这两个指令作废，那怎么办？一是安装，二是改用别的指令。

安装

yum有提供一个寻找程式所属套件的方法

yum provides ifconfig

yum whatprovides ifconfig

安装 infconfig

yum install net-tools

安装 traceroute

yum install traceroute

这样装完就有ifconfig、netstat和route以及traceroute和traceroute6了

改用别的指令

其实ifconfig在7版中全部有新指令代替，所以可能要学习新的方法。

ifconfig改用ip addr

这个和ifconfig 显示的一样

ip addr

1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens192: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:50:56:ba:0b:07 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 163.17.xx.xx/25 brd 163.17.40.127 scope global ens192
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 2001:288:5400:0:250:56ff:feba:b07/64 scope global dynamic
valid_lft 2591718sec preferred_lft 2591718sec
inet6 fe80::250:56ff:feba:b07/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

查看介面传输状态-s是详细显示

ip -s link

1: lo: <loopback,up,lower_up> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast
4400 45 0 0 0 0
TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns
4400 45 0 0 0 0
2: ens192: <broadcast,multicast,up,lower_up> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP mode DEFAULT qlen 1000
link/ether 00:50:56:ba:0b:07 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast
207938930 2541628 0 1809366 0 495
TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns
788417 8512 0 0 0 0

ip link

1: lo: <loopback,up,lower_up> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: ens192: <broadcast,multicast,up,lower_up> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP mode DEFAULT qlen 1000
link/ether 00:50:56:ba:0b:07 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

netstat改用ss

netstat是很重要的连线观察工具，使用新的指令ss来取代，功能也是差不多。

TCP listen

ss -lt

UDP listen

ss -ul

TCP连线

ss -t

traceroute/traceroute6改成tracepath

tracepath 168.95.1.1

1: 163.17.XX.XX 0.187ms pmtu 1500
1: 163.17.40.126 0.263ms
2: 163.17.38.250 0.555ms
3: br-NCHU-APTG.TANet.edu.tw 19.799ms
4: no reply
5: tchn-3302.hinet.net 1.395ms asymm 6
6: tchn-3011.hinet.net 15.089ms
7: 202-39-179-185.HINET-IP.hinet.net 1.533ms
8: 202-39-179-173.HINET-IP.hinet.net 4.435ms reached
Resume: pmtu 1500 hops 8 back 248

route改为ip -route

route table 看起来有点不习惯

ip route

route6 IPv6的route table

ip -6 rou

arp改为ip nei查看附件的arp和IPv6的neighbor，这个把v6 v4整合的还不错。

ip neighbor

网卡接口开关

ifconfig eth1 up

ifconfig eth1 down

改为

ip l set eth1 up

ip l set eth1 down

结论

还是建议学习新的使用方法，旧的迟早会过时的

转载自：http://note.tc.edu.tw/931.html